States of Matter - Solid, Liquid & Gas Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid or gas
What do the different states of matter depend on?
How strong the forces of attraction are between the particles of the material
What three factors affect the strength of the forces of attraction between particles?
a) The material
b) The temperature
c) The pressure
How are particles arranged in solids?
Strong forces of attraction
Fixed positions
Regular lattice arrangement
How do particles behave in solids?
Do not move from positions
Vibrate in place
Vibrate more when heated
What are the physical properties of solids?
Definite shape
Definite volume
Do not flow
How are particles arranged in liquids?
Weak forces of attraction
Random arrangement
Close together
How do particles behave in liquids?
Free to move past each other
Stick closely together
What are the physical properties of liquids?
Definite volume
No definite shape
Flow to fill bottom of container
How are particles arranged in gases?
Very weak forces of attraction
Far apart
Free to move
How do particles behave in gases?
Move in straight lines
Constant random motion
Move faster when heated
What are the physical properties of gases?
No definite shape
No definite volume
Fill any container
Solid to Liquid
Melting
Liquid to solid
Freezing
Liquid to gas
Evaporating
Gas to liquid
Condensing
Solid to gas
Sublimation
Gas to solid
Deposition
What happens to particles during a physical change?
Particles do not change
Only their arrangement or energy changes
What is the first thing that happens when a solid is heated?
Particles gain more energy
What does more energy do to particles in a solid?
Increases vibration
Weakens forces holding the solid together
Causes the solid to expand
What is melting and when does it happen?
Occurs when particles have enough energy to break free from their positions
Solid turns into a liquid
What happens to particles when a liquid is heated?
Gain even more energy
Move faster
Bonds weaken and break
What is evaporating and when does it happen?
Occurs when particles have enough energy to break their bonds
Liquid turns into a gas
