authoritarian states Flashcards
(321 cards)
Clark’s view on 1914 liberal Italy
lingua franca - growing national unity
national economy, roads, railways, institutions
“above all the state existed”
no agreement on basic idealogical educational social aims
Robson’s view on 1914 liberal italy
“guise for capitalist exploitation of the italian working class” - low wages and long hours
wealth spent on colonial ventures
weak and indecisive
no national spirit
graeme gill’s idea of an authoritarian dictatorship
secret police and repression
total politicisation of life and state
political controls over cultural and artistic life
static conservative ideaology
centralised economy
divided social structure/hierachy
leonard shaprio idea of an tolitarian dictatorship
single party states
dominant utopian ideaology
idolisation of one politicla figure
censorshipand propoganda to control (young) society
use of coercion and terror to ensure compliance
absolute state control and coordination of the economy
when did italy enter ww1
1915
when was the treaty of st germain that caused the mutilated victory in germany
1919
when was the bienno rosso
1919-1921
when did nationals sieze the port of fiume
1919
when was mussolini appointed pm
1922
when does mussolini set up a fascist state and end democracy
1926
when does mussolini set up a fascist state and end democracy
1926
when did italu become a unified state
1861
when was liberal italy
1870-1923
first king of italy
emmanuel II
weaknesses of liberal italy
political structure of new liberal state, trasformismo - corrupt
role of catholic hcurch and pope’s opposition to unification and political process
regional differences, economic and social poverty in south
land issues created by risorgimento and unification (terra irredenta), thwarted desire for empire and 1890s failure - abyssinia
what was terra irredenta
unredeemed land
land not included in the unification of italy process
italian speakers
led to nationalists being unhappy
called irredentists
describe italys desire for empire pre ww1
battle of adowa 1896 was humliating
libya 1911/12 italo-turkish war and then expensive to maintain
use of conscripts led to resentment
higher taxes
what was the pope’s view on italy following its unification
he instructed catholics not to participate in the new state (no voitng)
waht was the ppi
political party of the pope
what was trasformismo
the lack of party discipline leading politicians to fomr factions that made deals with eachother to alternate political control
how much of the populatuon could vote following the unification fo italy
2%
what political party was mussolini a part of originally
socialism
what does cassels say was the impact of socialism on the rise of fascism
not much effect
socialist party failed to provide a national organisation to take adv of the working class distress and spent time arguing within themselves
what does smith say was the impact of socialism on the rise of fascism
lacked leadership
violent and refused to collaborate
waitign for the bourgeois state and lost their revolutionary zeal