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IB History SL > condensed essay plans final p2 > Flashcards

condensed essay plans final p2 Flashcards

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1
Q

economic causes sv

A

land reforms/rural unrest
workers conditions/natural resources
socio economic divide

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2
Q

land reforms/rural unrest s

A

latifundia
1930: 46% of spanish pop directly involved in agriculture
by 1919 freq episodes of unrest

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3
Q

land reforms v

A

move to collective farming
by end of 1956, over 265,000 hectares ofland had been redistributed
initiated 1935 by HCM
cadres role to identify landlords
50,000 executed

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4
Q

land reforms v

A

move to collective farming
by end of 1956, over 265,000 hectares ofland had been redistributed
initiated 1935 by HCM
cadres role to identify landlords
50,000 executed

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5
Q

workers condiitons/natural resources s

A

trade unions formed
long hours, poor housing, little warfare provision
1931 wage cuts
rise in membership to FNTT
over 1,000,000 in 1932

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6
Q

workers conditions/natural resources v

A

lots of rubber in s.v. four times as much between 1960 and 1970
inequality
in ww2, japan invaded causing a famine leading to 200,000 dead vietnamese
impovrished peassants in south supported the land reforms and didnt like htem ( wanted to improve evon and stick to trad way of life)

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7
Q

socio economic divide s

A

industry limited in 19thC and 20thC and mostly in north and catlonia
workers faced low wages, long hours, poor housing and little warfare proviison.
centres of industrial develo[ment in the economically dynamic north
rest of country dependent on feudalistic agricultural system where the peasants in the south lived under miserable coniditons as they worked on the vast estates of the rich

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8
Q

econ causes ww

A

alliances, rivalries, trade agreements, imbalances
militarism
economic depression

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9
Q

alliances rivalries, trade agreements/imbalances ww1

A

1914: gb least amount of military and naval personnel. russia: 1,352,000 germany: 891000
agricultural depression: falling prices, increase in competition from overseas markets and declining soil fertility
imbalances in flow of good and capital between countries which destabilised european economy
some countries had defiticts, others had surplus’.

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10
Q

alliances, rivalries, trade agreements, imbalances ww2

A

resources
japan v limited, dependent on exports of oil, iron, rubber to fuel industrialization and military expansion
sought to acquire more via SE Asia, and the pacific, which it brought into conflict with other powers like gb, us
econ sanctions on japan such as oil embargo

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11
Q

militarism ww1

A

uneven econ dev
arms race: gb had 19 dreadnoughts, germany had 13
alliances,
fear of germany encouraged france and russia to ally in 1894
germany cloesr to ah
triple entente: gb, fr, r
triple alliance: g, i, ah

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12
Q

militarism ww2

A

japans aggressive expansion
desire for territorial and economic nationalism
embrace of militarism and nationalism
aggressive foreign policy
greater e.a. co prosperity sphere 1940
exclude western powers
comp with us

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13
Q

economic depressions ww1

A

national debt of germany trying to expand as territory
rapid industrialisation to over industrialisation to economic recession and unemployment
uneven economic development. germany growing and russia struggling to keep up militarily

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14
Q

econ depression ww2

A

sought to acquire new territories and resources to fuel its struggling econ
from 1929-31, agricultural prices fell 40%
rural impovrishment
people disappointed with party govs and became more militarist and right wing

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15
Q

idealogical causes ww

A

economically
militarism
alliances and rivalries

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16
Q

economically idealogical cause ww1

A

national debt of eg germany when trying to expand its territory
rapid industrialisation to over industrialisation to econ recession and unemployment

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17
Q

economically idealogical cause ww2

A

econ dep. sought to acquire new territories and resources to fuel its struggling economy
from 1929-31, agricultural prices fell 40%
rural impovrishment
people disappointed with party govs and become more militarist na dmore right wing

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18
Q

idealogical causes ww

A

nationalism and isolationism and germany bitter about TOV
militarism

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19
Q

nationalism and isolationism and germany bitter about tov s

A

latifundia
1930: 46% of spanish pop in agriculture
1919: freq episodes of unrest
trade unions with cnt and ugt
long hours, poor housing little welfare provision
1931 wage cuts
rise in membership to fntt

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20
Q

territorial causes sv

A

catalonia and basque independence and vietnam independence from french colonialists
political and social divide
land reforms

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21
Q

catalonia and basque independence and vietnam independence from french colonialists s

A

industry limited in 19th and 20th c and mostly in north and catalonia
workers faced low wages, long hours, poor housing
centres of industrial dev
rest of country dpeendent on feudalistic agricultural system where the peasants in the south lived under miserable conditons as they worked on the vast estates of the rich

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22
Q

vietnam independence from french colinialists

A

north comm
south cap
french since 1874
taking rice/rubber back to their countries

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23
Q

political and social divide s

A

fasicsm vs socialism
pop front want church and land reform, gains vote
nat and army want trad power systems
psoe grew in latae 19thC
post 1917, a small comm part emerged
army, church and monarchists supported the conservatives and the fascists
poor, the repuvlicans, reformers, proletariat, peasantry and minorities

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24
Q

political and social divide v

A

forced wersternisation angered viet nationlaist
snorth, more econ growth tna dev. ussr and china
sourth, characteristed by corruption, nepotism, repression. widespread dissatisfaction
us and other nations (domino theory)
geneva accords 1954, put north under communist control
much more diverse in the south some catholis, with the north all buddhists

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25
land reforms in s
huge estates owned by latifundia/grandees in politics 1930: 46% of spanish pop directly involved in agriculture. by 1919, frequent episodes of unrest
26
land reforms v
move to collective farming by end of 1956, over 360,000 hectares of land had been redistributed initated 1935 by HCM cadres role to identify landlords 50,000 executed
27
short term causes ww
franz ferdinand and pearl harbour mobilisation (naval race and jap expansion) diplomatic failures
28
franz ferdinand ww1
28th june 1914 gavrilo princeps germany backed AH rusisa backed serbia
29
pearl harbour ww2
dec 7th 1941 2400 americans killed damaging numerous ships and airplanes
30
diplomatic failures ww1
ultimateum of serbia no serb nationalist organisations thought a quick war was possible system of alliances mobilisation plans were hard to back down on
31
diplomatic failures ww2
econ sanctions (oil embargo on japan from us) 1941 tripartite pact 1940 hull note: japan refused to withdraw from china and renew alliance with germany and italy
32
practices of war
air land sea
33
air ww1
aircraft inc zeppelin, had easy manouevrability and firepower interruptor gear machine guns, fired from plane tearing gas, asphyxiaiants, blistering agents, chlorine gas, mustard gas
34
air ww2
aircraft carrier battle of coral sea first war ever where opposing fleets didnt see eachother hard to produce and train people to use proximity fuse detonatned an anti aircraft shell when near an airplane rather than direct hit effectiveness proven at pearl harbour used more
35
land ww1
trench warare defense side trench barbed wire flamethrowers poison gas trench runners semaphore flags 12w/min heliograph lamps 100k carrier pigeons gun 600/min to 1200/min allowed fast mobilisation
36
land ww2
coding us utilised navajo speakers and used them as code talkers could codecode, transmit by wireless/telephone and decode a message very fast japan never cracked the code
37
sea ww1
13 dreadnoughts for germany 19 dreadnoughts for gb aim was to attack enemy economically by destroying ships 1914-15 german high seas fleet hit and run strategy submarines u boat blocked enemy without needing large fleet
38
sea ww2
japan late to catch on believed in light sea attacks had to develop amphibious landings could carry 25-200 men us dukw/alligator (drive forwards onto beach) duplex drive (swim to shore)
39
extent of mobilisation ww
human economic social/evaluate
40
human mobilisation ww1
all women encouraged to take up jobs womens battalion 1917 all countries had a conscription before 1914 except britain and USA encouraging community enlistment/pals regiments
41
human mobilsiation ww2
japanese draft 10% of po mobilizing women and children to work in factories and other industries in USA, 16 mil people in armed forces
42
economic mob in ww1
mobilised factories and produce weapons, ammunition (british factory of munitions) gov took control of factories women recruited into workforce to replace soldiers rationing trade blockades
43
economic mob ww2
orders fo rmunitions with existing firms new factories conversion of existing factories into wartime production provided incentives for factories to produce munitions war effort: 56 billion japan used taxation, borrowing, printing money china relied o n loans us increased military spending by 10x japan rationed food, fuel, clothes for war effort
44
social/eval mob ww1
communication telegraph and telphone lines military commanders could talk to troops propaganda posters newspapers films
45
social/eval mob ww2
rationing blackout drills posters, films, radio
46
successes and failures of peacemaking
position in the world international agreements continuing conflicts
47
posititon in the wrold
spain staued neutral in ww2 allowed german aircraft adn submarine to use Spanish facilities
48
position in the world v
saigon market crash us oil embargo until 1994 closer ties with commuist countries impressed the world doctor vs waiter money
49
international agreements s
nationalists won more support for italy and germany
50
international agreements v
un member 1977 paris peace accords 1973 aimed to restore peace deamericanisation failed in 1975
51
continuing conflicts s
francoist repression white terror spanish marquis (guerrilas well into franco)
52
continuing conflcits v
cambodia cap vs comm cold war
53
position in the world ww1
usa helped in war torn economies emergenc e of new states tov for german reparations germany restricted
54
positon int he world ww1
usa helped war torn economies emergence of new states tov for german reparations germany restricted
55
position in the wolrd ww2
usa mad ehuge superpower japan had to return manchura and was demilitarised
56
international agreements ww1
tov 1919 lon 1919 many mroe small treaties
57
international agreements ww2
nato fomred by usa potsdam dec -- demilitarise - deradicalise - surveillance - occupation adn surveillance
58
continuing conflicts ww1
russan civil war 1917-22 other smaller wars mainly led up to ww2
59
continuing conflicts ww1
russan civil war 1917-22 other smaller wars mainly led up to ww2
60
continuing conflicts ww2
battleground for cod war conflict up to 1000 military bases
61
political repurcussions ww
power balance peacekeeping
62
political repurcussions ww1
france, strong divide between right and left gb, growing nationalism in colonies. democratic system affirmed germans, abdication of kaisar, more nationalism russia poor management tsar resings loss of faith in monarchies and political polarization
63
power balance ww2
us emerges as superpower gains some pacific territories like guam economy had expanded enormously ussr superpower gained territory in far east
64
peackeeping ww1
lon woodrow wilson usa didnt join gen assembly, council, secretariat
65
peacekeeping ww2
demise of european colonialism many colinies gained independence colonial press weakened formation of e.u. 1951
66
econ impact
infrastructure trade industry
67
infrastrucfture effects s
bombing guernica 3000 bridges comms lost
68
infrastructure v
600 bridges lost 9 capitals 9000 villages
69
trade s
due to lack of security and infrastructure blockade imposed by nationalsits on republican held ports couldn't get weapons enforced by Italy shortage of food, fuel etc
70
trade v
econ sanctons and trade embargoes by us on vietnam seerre infrastructure damage south v dependent on us many countries disrupted 18 billion from usa
71
industry s
lots f machienry had to be replaced from 1956 economy began to mdoernise 15% wealth destroyed spain had to focus on self sufficency
72
indsutry v
saigon market crash us econ embargo until 1994 us dollar invaded cambodia food porduction fell due to chemicals
73
social and demographic impact sv
women death toll and consequences for losers political demographic change
74
women para s
role diminished post war unmarried women aged 18-35 had to tdo 6 months training r: propaganda to emphasise family n: no such efforts were made n: no fem revolts allowed, promoted trad gender roles r: mujeres libres had 30,000 women
75
women para v
gov impkemented policies that aimed to promote women gov didn't allow feminist orgs newly powerful socialists campaigned for ed. reunificaton in 1976 allowed women to take on pol. leadership. 1960 marriage and family law (no forced marriages, wife beating etc. woment o occupy 35% jobs
76
death toll and lsoers s
170,000 dead killing continued after war via white terror re-ed camps punishments for republicans o distinction between civilians and losers land redistribution
77
death toll and losers v
boat people 50,000 dead conc camps awfulr refugee camps
78
socio poltiical change demographic s
franco dictatorship authoritarian ruled in itnerest of pre war elites no democracy or parties ed opps restricted white terror killing of thousands of repiblicans and exodus of half a million spaniards 1939 law of political responsibility made support of republicans punishable by law
79
socio political change demographic v
new communist gov sent people connected to sv regime to conc campps for re-ed for years pres thieu of the south had less support of cahtolics and buddhists (the few supporters he had) bombs, shells, napalm, chemicals and mines generated refugees in south. 2-4 mil ref camp conditions terrible nationalisation of industry and commerce 1971 farmer problem land redistribution 9000 villages destroyed pres thieru of soth had less support of Catholics and buddhists
80
women ww
socialy employment in war
81
socially women ww1
christianity 1918 peoples act some owmen coudl vote
82
socially women ww2
confuscianism 1946 some jap women coudl vote
83
employment women ww1
employees still watned men despite them being 26 shillings nad women 11 90% of munitions workers were women 1918: 46.7% women working
84
employment women ww2
many worked in agriculture comfort women rape of nnaking worked less labour intensive jos secreatries clerical workers 90% women working
85
work in war women ww1
woemns aux corps and nacy and air forces womens aux corps disbanded 1919 (around after war) non combatants typically
86
work inw ar women ww2
nat volunteer comabt force conscripted men 15-60 women 17-60 join tained by army and had resources (britian didn't)

IB History SL (14 decks)

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