Axial and Appendicular Muscles

Question 1

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Frontal Belly of Occipitofrontalis

Just Action and Location

Answer 1

Action: Elevating the eyebrows and protracting the scalp, Wrinkling the skin of the forehead
Location: Frontal Bone

Question 2

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Occipital Belly of Occipitofrontalis

Just Action and Location

Answer 2

Action: Retracts the salp slightly
Location: Occipital bone

Question 3

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Obicular Oris

Just Action and Location

Answer 3

Action: Closes lips, Puckers, and Sucking on straw
Location: Around the lips

Question 4

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Platysma

Just Action and Location

Answer 4

Action: Pulling on lower lip inferiorly, Tenses the skin of neck, Depresses mandible
Location: Anterior portion of the Neck

Question 5

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Digastric

Just Action and Location

Answer 5

Action: Depresses Mandible, Elevates Hyoid bone, 2 bellies joined by a tendon that attatches to hyoid bone
Location: Suprahyoid muscle under jaw

Question 6

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Buccinatior (Trumpeter Muscle)

Just Action and Location

Answer 6

Action: Compresses cheeks, Holds food between teeth during chewing, aids in sucking and blowing
Location: Between maxilla and mandible

Question 7

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Temporalis

Answer 7

Action: Elevates and Retracts mandible
Location: Temporal region of cranium, and passes deep to Zygomatic arch
Origin: Superior and Inferior portion of Temporal Bone
Insertion: Coranoid process of Mandible

Question 8

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Masseter

Answer 8

Action: Elevates and Protracts mandible, moves mandible lateraly (Side to Side)
Location: Posterior of Buccinator, superficial to temporalis
Origin: Zygomatic Arch
Insertion: Lateral Surface of Coronoid process

Question 9

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Medial and Lateral Pterygoids

Just Action and Location

Answer 9

Action: Elevates and Protracts mandible
Location: Medial-Near TMJ both internal to mandible

Question 10

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Sternocleidomstoid

Answer 10

Action: Flection pulls head forward and down, Lateral flection turns neck and head to opposite side, Rotates the atlantoaxial joint
Location: Lateral borders of the suprasternal fossa
Origin: Manubrium and sternal ends of Clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of the temporal bone

Question 11

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Splenus Capitis/Semispinalis

Just Action and Location

Answer 11

Action: Extends and Hyperextends head/neck. Unilateral contractions turn head and neck to the same side
Location: Neck/Shoulder Junction

Question 12

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Erector Spinae

Just Action

Answer 12

Action: Both sides contract to extend vertebral column. One side contracts to flex vertebral column laterally toward that same side.

Question 13

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Transversospinalis

Just Action

Answer 13

Action: Both sides contract to extend vertebral column. One side contracts to flex vertebral column laterally toward that same side.

Question 14

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

External Intercostals

Just Action and Location

Answer 14

Action: Restful Breathing; Elevating ribs up and out. Exhalation; Muscles relax allowing the elastic recoil of lung tissue
Location: Extend inferior medially from superior rib to adjacent inferior rib

Question 15

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Internal Intercostals

Just Action and Location

Answer 15

Action: Forceful exhalation; depresses ribs. (Used in coughing and Sneezing)
Location: Right angles to the more superficial external intercostals

Question 16

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Diaphragm

Just Action and Location

Answer 16

Action: Inhalation; contracts and flattens diaphragm to pull lung inferiorly and compress abdominoplevic cavity
Location: Partition between throacic and abdominal cavities

Question 17

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

External/Internal Oblique

Just Action and Location

Answer 17

Action: Contract and Compress abdomen and Flex vertebral column. When one side contracts lateral trunk flexion and rotation results
Location:
External Oblique: Lateral and anterior superficial portions of abdominal cavity forming inguinal ligament
Internal Oblique: Immedialtely deep to external oblique

Question 18

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Transverse Abdominis

Just Action and Location

Answer 18

Action: Compresses abdoming and supports spine when lifting, To contract it suck in abdomen (Like your putting on a pair of tight pants)
Location: Immediately deep to internal obliques

Question 19

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Rectus abdominis

Answer 19

Action: Flexes vertebral column and compresses the abdominal wall
Location: Between the sternum and pubic symphysis, Separated by linea alba
Origin: Superior surface of pubis near symphysis
Insertion: Xiphoid process, inferior surface of middle ribs

Question 20

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Linea Alba

Just Location

Answer 20

Location: Verticle midline, rectus abdominis

Question 21

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Linea Semilunaris

Just Location

Answer 21

Location: Just lateral to rectus abdominis

Question 22

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Rectus Sheath

Just Location

Answer 22

Location: Surrounds rectus abdominis

Question 23

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Inguinal Ligament

Just Location

Answer 23

Location: From anterior superior illiac spine to pubic tubericle

Question 24

Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle

Pec. Minor/Serratus Ant.

Just Action and Location

Answer 24

Action:
Pec Minor: Protracts and depresses scapula (Contracted when hunched over)
Serratus Ant: Protraction of scapula, stablizes and superiorly rotates scapula
Location:
Pec Minor: Deep to Pectoralis major
Serratus Ant: Slides of body under axillary region

Question 25

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Rhomboid Major and Minor | Just Action

Answer 25

Action: Retracts(Adducts) and elevates scapula, inferiorly rotates scapula

Question 26

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Trapezius

Answer 26

Action: Elevates and Adducts the scapula, extends neck Location: Extends from skull and vertebral column to pectoral girdle Origin: Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7-T12 Insertion: Clavicle, Acromion process, and spine of scapula

Question 27

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Latissimus Dorsi (Swimmers Muscle)

Answer 27

Action: Arm extension, adducts humerus down, posterially, while rotating medially (Think Butterfly Stroke) Location: Inferior part of back Origin: Spinous process of T7-T12, lower ribs, illiac crest, throacolumbar fascia Insertion: Intertubicular groove of humerus

Question 28

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Pectoralis Major

Answer 28

Action: Arm flexion, adducts and mediallhy rotates arm at glenohumeral joint Location: Chest (Superior part of thorax) Origin: Medial clavicle, costal cartilages of upper ribs, body of sternum Insertion: Lateral part of intertubecular groove of the humerus

Question 29

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Deltiod

Answer 29

Action: Flex and medially rotate, abductor of brachium, extend and laterally rotate Location: Shoulder (Intramuscular injection site) Origin: Acromial end of clavicle, acromian and spine of scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 30

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Coracobrachialis | Just Action and Location

Answer 30

Action: Adducts and flexes arm at the Glenohumeral Joint Location: Axillary region

Question 31

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Supraspinatus | Just Action and Location

Answer 31

Action: Abducs brachium at glenohumeral joint Location: Superior to the scapular spine

Question 32

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Infraspinatus/Teres Minor | Just Action and Location

Answer 32

Action: Adducts and laterally rotates the glenohumeral joint Location: Infraspinatus: Inferior to scapular spine Teres Minor: Superior to teres major and inferior to the infraspinatus

Question 33

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Teres Major | Just Action and Location

Answer 33

Action: Extension, adducts humerus inferior and posterior while rotating medialy Location: Just superior and deep to Latissimus dorsi

Question 34

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Subscapularis | Just Action and Location

Answer 34

Action: Medially rotates brachium Location: Anterior surface of scapula (Between scapula and ribs)

Question 35

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Biceps Brachii

Answer 35

Action: Flexes cubitus, Supinator, weakly flexes the glenohumeral joint Location: Anterior portion of humerus Origin: Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Short head: Coracoid process of scapula Insertion: Radial tuberosity and biceipital aponeurosis

Question 36

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Brachiallis | Just Action and Location

Answer 36

Action: Flexes cubitus Location: Distal half of anterior humerus, deep to biceps brachii. Making the floor of the cubital fossa

Question 37

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Brachioradialis

Answer 37

Action: Flexion, Pronation and supination Location: Belly of muscles sits over proximal lateral radius Origin: Lat. epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Styloid process of radius

Question 38

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Triceps Brachii

Answer 38

Action: Extends the glenohumeral joint Location: Posterior portion of humerus Origin: Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: Posterior humerus above radial groove Medial head: Posteror humerus below radial groove Insertion: Olecranon of Ulna

Question 39

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Sartorius (Crossing Leg/Hacky Sac)

Answer 39

Action: Flexes acetabulofemoral joint and laterally rotates femoral region, Flexes tibiofemoral joint and medially rotates crural region Location: Crosses the anterior aspect of thigh (Longest muslce in body) Origin: Anterior superior illiac spine Insertion: Medial side of tibial tuberosity

Question 40

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Gracilis | Just Action and Location

Answer 40

Action: Adducts and flexes femoral region at acetabulofemoral joint, flexes crural region at tibiofemoral joint Location: Medial surface of thigh

Question 41

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Tensor Fascia Latae

Answer 41

Action: Abducts and medially rotates femoral region at acetabulofemoral joint Location: Attatches to iliotibial tract (IT Band) Origin: Illiac crest and lateral surface of anterior superior illiac spine Insertion: Iliotibial track

Question 42

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Gluteus Maximus

Answer 42

Action: Extensor of femoral region, extends and rotates femoral region laterally Location: Buttocks Muscle, deep to gluteus maximsus Origin: Iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx

Question 43

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Iliacus and psoas major | Just Action, Location, and Insertion

Answer 43

Action: Strongest flexor of the hip Location: Internal cavity, lumbar region, and fossa of ilium Insertion: Lesser trochanter

Question 44

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Rectus Femoris

Answer 44

Action: Extends leg at tibeofemoral joint and flexes femoral region. Location: Superficial (Middle) anterior thigh Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine Insertion:Quadraceps tendon to patella then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Question 45

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Vastus Lateralis

Answer 45

Action: Extends leg at tibeofemoral joint Location: Anteriolateral surface of thigh Origin: Greater Trochanter and linea aspera of femur Insertion: Quadraceps tendon to patella then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Question 46

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Vastus Medialis

Answer 46

Action: Extends leg at tibeofemoral joint Location: Anteriomedial surface of thigh Origin: Intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of femur Insertion: Quadraceps tendon to patella then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Question 47

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Vastus Intermedius

Answer 47

Action: Extends leg at tibeofemoral joint Location: Deep to Rectus femoris Origin: Anterior and lateral surface of femur Insertion: Quadraceps tendon to patella then patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Question 48

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Biceps Femoris

Answer 48

Action: Extends femoral region and flexes crural at tibiofemoral joint, Laterally Rotates Location: Posterior lateral surface of thigh Origin: Long Head: Ischial Tuberosity Short Head: Linea aspera of femur Insertion: Head of fibula

Question 49

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Semitendinosus

Answer 49

Action: Extends femoral region and flexes crural at tibiofemoral joint, Medially rotates crural Location: Posterior medial surface of thigh Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial side of tibial tuberosity

Question 50

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Semimembranosus

Answer 50

Action: Extends femoral region and flexes crural at tibiofemoral joint, Medially rotates crural Location: Posterior lateral surface of thigh Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

Question 51

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Tibialis Anterior | Just Action and Location

Answer 51

Action: Primary dorsiflexor, inverts the foot Location: Anterior lateral portion of tibia

Question 52

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Extensor digitorum longus | Just Action and Location

Answer 52

Action: dorsiflextion of foot and extends toes 2-5 Location: Between tibialis anterior and fibularis longus

Question 53

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Peronius Longus

Answer 53

Action: Plantar flexes and everts the foot at talocrural region Location: Superficial lateral, covers fibula

Question 54

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Gastrocnemius

Answer 54

Action: Plantarflexes foot and flexes tibiofemoral joint Location: Calf Muscle Origin: 2 Heads, Superior posterior lateral and medial condyles of femur Insertion: Calcaneus via the Achelies Tendon

Question 55

# Name Insertions, Origins and Actions of this Muscle Soleus

Answer 55

Action: Plantar flexes foot at talocrural region Location: Deep to Gastrocnemius