Axial Muscles

Question 1

Answer 1

Muscle:

Frontalis (Frontal Belly of Occipitofrontalis)

Action:

Elevates eyebrow

Notes:

Is part of “epicranius”

Question 2

Answer 2

Muscle:

Orbicularis Oculi

Action:

Closes eye

Notes:

Blinking/squinting

Question 3

Answer 3

Muscle:

Orbicularis Oris

Action:

Compresses lips

Notes:

“kissing muscle”

Question 4

Answer 4

Muscle:

Zygomaticus Major

Action:

Elevates corner of mouth

Notes:

“Smile muscle”

Question 5

Answer 5

Muscle:

Depressor Anguli Oris

Action:

Draws corner of mouth inferiorly

Notes:

“Frown muscle”

Question 6

Answer 6

Muscle:

Procerus

Action:

Moves and wrinkles nose

Notes:

Question 7

Answer 7

Muscle:

Masseter

Action:

Elevates mandible

Notes:

Prime mover of jaw closure

Question 8

Answer 8

Muscle:

Temporalis

Action:

Elevates mandible

Notes:

Question 9

Answer 9

Muscle:

Buccinator

Action:

Compresses cheek

Notes:

Holds food between teeth when chewing.

Question 10

Answer 10

Muscle:

Mentalis

Action:

Protrudes lower lip/wrinkles chin

Notes:

“Pout muscle”

Question 11

Answer 11

Muscle:

Anterior Belly - Digastric

Action:

Depresses mandible

Notes:

Suprahyoid muscle

Question 12

Answer 12

Muscle:

Posterior Belly - Digastric

Action:

Elevates hyoid

Notes:

Suprahyoid muscle

Question 13

Answer 13

Muscle:

Mylohyoid

Action:

Elevates hyoid

Notes:

Suprahyoid muscle

Question 14

Answer 14

Muscle:

Omohyoid

Action:

Depresses hyoid

Notes:

Infrahyoid muscle

Question 15

Answer 15

Muscle:

Sternohyoid

Action:

Depresses hyoid

Notes:

Infrahyoid muscle

Question 16

Answer 16

Muscle:

Sternocleidomastoid

Action:

Flexes neck (bilateral)

Notes:

Unilateral contraction flexes neck & rotates head to opposite side

Question 17

Answer 17

Muscle:

Scalenes

Action:

Flexes neck, elevate ribs

Notes:

Question 18

Answer 18

Muscle:

Splenius Capitis

Action:

Extends neck

Notes:

Unilateral contraction turns head to same side.

Question 19

Answer 19

Muscle:

Semispinalis Capitis

Action:

Extends neck

Notes:

Question 20

Answer 20

Muscle:

Spinalis (Erector Spinae)

Action:

Extends vertebral column

Notes:

Question 21

Answer 21

Muscle:

Longissimus (Erector Spinae)

Action:

Extends vertebral column

Notes:

Question 22

Answer 22

Muscle:

Iliocostalis (Erector spinae)

Action:

Extends vertebral column

Notes:

Question 23

Answer 23

Muscle:

Quadratus Lumborum

Action:

Extends vertebral column

Notes:

Unilateral contraction flexes vertebral column laterally.

Question 24

Answer 24

Muscle:

Multifidus

Action:

Extension and contralateral rotation of spine

Notes:

Major intrinsic stabilizer of vertebral column

Question 25

Answer 25

**Muscle:** External Intercostals **Action:** Elevates ribs **Notes:** Increase transverse dimension of thoracic wall

Question 26

Answer 26

**Muscle:** Internal Intercostals **Action:** Depress ribs **Notes:** Involved in forced expiration

Question 27

Answer 27

**Muscle:** Diaphragm **Action:** Expands thoracic cavity (inspiration) **Notes:** Also compresses abdominal viscera

Question 28

Answer 28

**Muscle:** External Abdominal Oblique **Action:** Flexes and rotates (contralateral) vertebral column **Notes:** Also compresses abdominal wall; unilateral contraction can also flex vertebral column laterally.

Question 29

Answer 29

**Muscle:** Internal Abdominal Oblique **Action:** Flexes and rotates (ipsilateral) vertebral column **Notes:** Also compresses abdominal wall; unilateral contraction can also flex vertebral column laterally.

Question 30

Answer 30

**Muscle:** Rectus Abdominis **Action:** Flexes vertebral column and rotates pelvis **Notes:** Also compresses abdominal wall; partitioned by tendinous intersections and linea alba.

Question 31

Answer 31

**Muscle:** Transversus Abdominis **Action:** Retracts abdominal wall and flexes vertebral column. **Notes:** Plays a major role in intrinsic spinal stability