Upper Appendicular Muscles Flashcards by Joel Bringman

Muscle:

Trapezius

Origin:

Occipital bone, cervical & thoracic vertebrae

Insertion:

Clavicle, acromion & and spine of scapula

Action:

Elevates (superior fibers), retracts (middle fibers) & depresses (inferior fibers) scapula.

Notes:

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Muscle:

Levator Scapulae

Origin:

C1-C4

Insertion:

Medial border of scapula (superior)

Action:

Elevates scapula

Notes:

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Muscle:

Rhomboid Major & R. Minor

Origin:

C7-T5

Insertion:

Medial border of scapula

Action:

Retracts & elevates scapula

Notes:

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Muscle:

Serratus Anterior

Origin:

Ribs

Insertion:

Medial border of scapula

Action:

Protracts scapula

Notes:

Prime mover in scapula protraction

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Muscle:

Pectoralis Minor

Origin:

Ribs

Insertion:

Coracoid process of scapula

Action:

Protracts & depresses scapula

Notes:

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Muscle:

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin:

T7-T12, ribs, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion:

Intertubercular groove of humerus

Action:

Extends, adducts & medially rotates arm

Notes:

Prime mover of arm extension

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Muscle:

Pectoralis Major: Clavicular & Sternal head

Origin:

Clavicular head: clavicle

Sternal head: sternum & and costal cartilages

Insertion:

Greater tubercle & intertubercular groove of humerus

Action:

Flexes, adducts & medially rotates arm

Notes:

Prime mover of arm flexion

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Muscle:

Deltoid: Anterior, Middle & Posterior heads

Origin:

Clavicle, acromion & spine of scapula

Insertion:

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action:

Flexes (anterior fibers), abducts (middle fibers) & extends (posterior fibers) arm

Notes:

Rotates arm medially and laterally

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Muscle:

Coracobrachialis

Origin:

Coracoid process of scapula

Insertion:

Shaft of humerus

Action:

Adducts & flexes arm

Notes:

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Muscle:

Teres Major

Origin:

Lateral border & inferior angle of scapula

Insertion:

Lesser tubercle & intertubercular groove of humerus

Action:

Extends, adducts & medially rotates arm

Notes:

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Muscle:

Supraspinatus

Origin:

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion:

Greater tubercle of humerus

Action:

Abducts arm

Notes:

Also stabilizes GH joint

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Muscle:

Infraspinatus

Origin:

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion:

Greater tubercle of humerus

Action:

Laterally rotates & adducts arm

Notes:

Also stabilizes GH joint

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Muscle:

Teres Minor

Origin:

Lateral border of scapula

Insertion:

Greater tubercle of humerus

Action:

Laterally rotates & adducts arm

Notes:

Also stabilizes GH joint

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Muscle:

Subscapularis

Origin:

Subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion:

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Action:

Medially rotates arm

Notes:

Also stabilizes GH joint

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Muscle:

Triceps Brachii: Long, Lateral & and Medial heads.

Origin:

Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Lateral & medial heads: Shaft of humerus

Insertion:

Olecranon process of ulna

Action:

Extends forearm (prime mover)

Notes:

Long head also extends & adducts arm

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Muscle:

Biceps Brachii: Long & Short heads

Origin:

Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Short head: Coracoid process of scapula

Insertion:

Radial tuberosity of radius & bicipital aponeurosis

Action:

Flexes & supinates forearm

Notes:

Long head also flexes arm

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Muscle:

Brachialis

Origin:

Anterior surface of humerus

Insertion:

Tuberosity & coronoid process of ulna

Action:

Flexes forearm

Notes:

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Muscle:

Brachioradialis

Origin:

Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Insertion:

Styloid process of radius

Action:

Flexes forearm

Notes:

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Muscle:

Pronator Quadratus

Origin:

Distal shaft of ulna

Insertion:

Distal shaft of radius

Action:

Pronates forearm

Notes:

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Muscle:

Supinator

Origin:

Lateral epicondyle of humerus & proximal ulna

Insertion:

Proximal shaft of radius

Action:

Supinates forearm

Notes:

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Muscle:

Pronator Teres

Origin:

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion:

Lateral surface of radius

Action:

Pronates forearm

Notes:

Superficial layer

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Muscle:

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin:

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion:

Metacarpals II & III

Action:

Flexes wrist & abducts hand

Notes:

Superficial layer

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Muscle:

Palmaris Longus

Origin:

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion:

Flexor retinaculum & palmar aponeurosis

Action:

Flexes wrist

Notes:

Superficial layer

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Muscle:

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin:

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion:

Carpals, metacarpal V

Action:

Flexes wrist & adducts hand

Notes:

Superficial Layer

**Muscle:** Flexor Digitorum Superficialis **Origin:** Medial epicondyle of humerus **Insertion:** Middle phalanges II-V **Action:** Flexes fingers 2-5 (MP & PIP joints) **Notes:** Intermediate layer

**Muscle:** Flexor Digitorum Profundus **Origin:** Ulna **Insertion:** Distal phalanges II-V **Action:** Flexes fingers 2-5 (MP, PIP & DIP joints) **Notes:** Deep layer

**Muscle:** Flexor Pollicis Longus **Origin:** Radius **Insertion:** Distal phalanx of thumb **Action:** Flexes thumb (MP joint) **Notes:** Deep layer

**Muscle:** Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus **Origin:** Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus **Insertion:** Metacarpal II **Action:** Extends wrist & abducts hand **Notes:**

**Muscle:** Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis **Origin:** Lateral epicondyle of humerus **Insertion:** Metacarpal III **Action:** Extends wrist & abducts hand **Notes:**

**Muscle:** Extensor Digitorum Communis **Origin:** Lateral epicondyle of humerus **Insertion:** Middle & distal phalanges II-V **Action:** Extends fingers 2-5 (MP, PIP, DIP joints) **Notes:** Also extends wrist & metacarpophalangeal joints

**Muscle:** Extensor Carpi Ulnaris **Origin:** Lateral epicondyle of humerus **Insertion:** Metacarpal V **Action:** Extends wrist & adducts hand **Notes:**

**Muscle:** Extensor Digiti Minimi **Origin:** Lateral epicondyle of humerus **Insertion:** Proximal phalanx of digit V **Action:** Extends finger 5 (MP, PIP joints) **Notes:**

**Muscle:** Extensor Indicis **Origin:** Posterior ulna **Insertion:** Tendon of extensor digitorum communis **Action:** Extends finger 2 (MP, PIP & DIP joints) **Notes:**

**Muscle:** Abductor Pollicis Longus **Origin:** Radius and ulna **Insertion:** Metacarpal I **Action:** Abducts thumb **Notes:** "Anatomical snuffbox"

**Muscle:** Extensor Pollicis Brevis **Origin:** Radius **Insertion:** Proximal phalanx of thumb **Action:** Extends thumb (MP joint) **Notes:** "anatomical snuffbox"

**Muscle:** Extensor Pollicis Longus **Origin:** Ulna **Insertion:** Distal phalanx of thumb **Action:** Extends thumb (MP & IP joints) **Notes:** "anatomical snuffbox"

Transverse carpal ligament (Flexor retinaculum)

Carpal tunnel

Palmar aponeurosis

Extensor Retinaculum

Upper Appendicular Muscles Flashcards

(40 cards)