Axial Skeletal

Question 1

Head Skeleton

Answer 1

skull (including the mandible)
bones in the middle ear
hyoid apparatus

Question 2

Types of skulls

Answer 2

Brachycephalic - shorted and wide
mesatiephalic - normal
dolichocephalic - long less brain area

Question 3

3 cavities of the skull

Answer 3

1. cranial
2. nasal
3. paranasal

Question 4

What is the roof of the cranial cavity

Answer 4

calvaria

Question 5

What forms the postal wall of the cranial cavity
and separates the nasal and cranial cavity

Answer 5

Cribriform plate

it has tiny holes for passage of olfactory nerves and blood vessels

Question 6

What contains the rostal part of facial bones

Answer 6

nasal cavity

Question 7

what divides the nasal cavity into two nasal fossae

Answer 7

nasal septum

Question 8

What is the postal one boney opening into the nasal cavity

Answer 8

nasal aperture

Question 9

What is the 2 boney openings at the cadual end of the hard plate

Answer 9

The choanae

Question 10

What is the air filled spaces in the facial bones of the skull?

Answer 10

paransal sinuses

Question 11

4 pairs of horse paransal sinuses

Answer 11

1. maxiallary
2. frontal
3. conchal
4. sphenonpalatine

Question 12

6 pairs of Bov sinuses

Answer 12

1. maxiallary
2. frontal
3. conchal
4. spheniod
5. palatine
6. lacrimal

Question 13

What is the arrow pointing to and its clinic significance

Answer 13

the Vascular notch only present in the horse
you can use it for palpation of pulse

Question 14

What is the hyoid apparatus

Answer 14

a series of connected bones that suspends the tongue and larynx from skull

Question 15

Within the hyoid apparatus what is absent in carnivores

Answer 15

the lingual process

Question 16

What is a clinical relevant palpable structure arch of bone of skull

Answer 16

zygomatic arch

Question 17

What is the palpable land mark between nasal and incisive bones

Answer 17

nasoincinsive notch

Question 18

What does the * mark

Answer 18

Facial Tuberosity

Question 19

The funnel shaped region that houses the eye

Answer 19

orbit

Question 20

region caudoventral to the orbit

Answer 20

pterygopalatine fossa

Question 21

The opening of the ear

Answer 21

Question 22

What connects the hyoid apparatus to the skull

Answer 22

mastoid process

Question 23

Clinical significance of cornual process

Answer 23

direct continuation from frontal bone. When dehorning you can expose frontal bone

Question 24

What are the black arrows pointing to?

Answer 24

external sagittal crest

Question 25

Clinical significance of the temporal line

Answer 25

you can palpate the temporal line and inject the corral vein to dehorn on cattle because the temporal line has been pushed laterally by the frontal bone

Question 26

What forms the roof of oral cavity

Answer 26

hard palate

Question 27

Clinical significance of tympanic bulla od the cat

Answer 27

its divided into 2 unequal parts and its wear the inner ear infections are. It has to be broken into order to permittaly drain

Question 28

What is number 1 pointing to and the clinical significance

Answer 28

external occipital protuberance important palpable landmark for CSF taps in dogs

Question 29

What is the arrow pointing too and the clinical significance?

Answer 29

infraorbital foraman location for dental nerve blocks

Question 30

Importance of fontanelles

Answer 30

soft part of skull, important for when being born because the bones can over lap

Question 31

What are the fibrous joints of the skull

Answer 31

gomphosis

Question 32

joint of the hyoid apparatus with the skull

Answer 32

cartilaginous joints

Question 33

articulation of the hyoid apparatus with the larynx

Answer 33

synovial joint

Question 34

#of thoracic

Answer 34

13

Question 35

#of Cervical

Answer 35

7

Question 36

#of lumbar

Answer 36

7

Question 37

#of sacral

Answer 37

3

Question 38

#of cadual

Answer 38

20+/-

Question 39

Vertebral Column of dog

Answer 39

C7T13L7S3CD20

Question 40

Vertebral column of horse

Answer 40

C7T18S5cd20

Question 41

Vertebral column of ox

Answer 41

C7T13L6D5CD20

Question 42

Veterbral column of sheep/goat

Answer 42

C7T13L6S4CD16-18

Question 43

2 Clinical significant issues with spine

Answer 43

Quasimodo dogs intervertebral disc disease

Question 44

3 main structures if typical vertebra

Answer 44

Question 45

Transitional Vertebrae

Answer 45

located between 2 adjacent vertebral regions

Question 46

in the cervical vertebrae they have transverse foramina except

Answer 46

C7

Question 47

the transverse foramina together form the

Answer 47

transverse canal for the vertebral VAN

Question 48

C1 atlas

Answer 48

supports the head lateral vertebral foramen

Question 49

C2 axis

Answer 49

atypical vertebra

Question 50

c3, c4, c5

Answer 50

long body large ridge like spinous process

Question 51

C6

Answer 51

large transverse process (TP) land mark for surgery

Question 52

C7 (transitional vertebra)

Answer 52

higher spinous process no transervse forma

Question 53

Ribs

Answer 53

articulate with 2 thoracic vertebrae but takes its # form casual vertebra

Question 54

Equine ribs

Answer 54

18 ribs 17 intercostal spaces

Question 55

costal arch

Answer 55

palpable behind floating rib

Question 56

sternum

Answer 56

6-8 sterbrae fused together

Question 57

xiphoid cartilage

Answer 57

Question 58

The accessory process is ____ to the articular process

Answer 58

caudal accessory is yellow

Question 59

spina bifida

Answer 59

when cleft vertebra don't fuse common in bulldogs

Question 60

name 3 long ligaments in the vertebral column

Answer 60

red: supraspoinous ligament Green: dorsal ligament blue: ventral ligament