Axial Skeleton

Question 1

1. What bone is this and where is it located?
2. What structure is indicated by B?

Answer 1

1. Ethmoid bone, found deep to the nasal bone and medial to the “eyes” of the skull
2. It is the cribriform foramina (space for the bundle of nerve fibers that make up the olfactory nerve)

Question 2

The structure “Sella turcica” is part of the…

Answer 2

Sphenoid bone

(It is the seat of the pituitary gland in the skull)

Question 3

The zygomatic process can be felt in which part of your face?

Answer 3

It is the upper firm support bone of the cheekbone near the edge of the outer ear.

Question 4

What skull bone forms part of the nasal septum?

Answer 4

The ethmoid

Question 5

What bone forms the cheek and part of the orbit?

Answer 5

The zygomatic bone

(“zygomatic” = cheek)

Question 6

Which bone does NOT form a part of the orbits of the eyes?

Answer 6

Optional answers:

Mandible

Occiptal

Temporal

Parietal

Vomer

Question 7

True or false:

The vomer is a facial bone

Answer 7

True!

Question 8

What bone contains the infraorbital foramen?

Answer 8

The maxilla (skull bone containing the superior alveolar processes, frontal processes and nasal spine).

The infraorbital foramen are the holes below the rounded plates between the nasal spine where the eye “sits”. In other words… near your undereye circle area.

Question 9

What are the parts of the sphenoid bone? Where is it located in the skull?

Answer 9

The bat-shaped sphenoid bone (sfe’noid; sphen = wedge) spans the width of the middle cranial fossa. The sphenoid is considered the keystone of the cranium because it forms a central wedge that articulates with all other cranial bones. It is a challenging bone to study because of its complex shape.

Question 10

Which of the following bones would most likely be involved in surgery to remove a tumor on the pituitary gland?

Answer 10

The sella turcica of the sphenoid bone. (It is a fossa, or depression, that holds the pituitary.)

Question 11

The auditory ossicles are the…

Answer 11

Bones of the middle ear

(Malleus, Stapes and Incus.)

Question 12

What is the location of the Sphenoid Bone?

Answer 12

Behind the eyes and nose inside the medial anterior skull

Question 13

Sutures connect all the bones of the skull, except the __________.

Why?

Answer 13

Mandible

The mandible must be able to move, so an articulating joint is needed.

Question 14

Zygomatic refers to…

Answer 14

The cheekbone area

Question 15

What bone is shown? What are the structures contained within?

(There are more than those in the photo, these 4 will get you started!)

Answer 15

Question 16

The __________ forms part of the nasal septum and the lateral walls and roof of the nasal cavity

Answer 16

Ethmoid

Question 17

A common injury in the winter is a fall in which someone hits the back of his or her head on the ice. What bone is most likely to be involved in this type of fall?

Answer 17

Occipital

(back of the skull)

Question 18

What bone forms the chin?

Answer 18

Mandible

Question 19

Which of the sinuses is in high risk of infection spreading from the middle ear?

Answer 19

The mastoid sinuses

Question 20

Where is the mastoid process found?

Answer 20

Inferior edge of the temporal bone.

Question 21

How many sets of sinuses do we have? What are they and where are they located?

Answer 21

Question 22

A joint between skull bones is referred to as a ______.

Answer 22

Suture

Question 23

Superior and middle nasal conchae are part of this bone

Answer 23

Ethmoid

Question 24

What forms the posterior hard palate?

Answer 24

The palatine bone

Question 25

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Forms part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

Answer 25

Inferior nasal concha "The paired inferior nasal conchae are thin, curved bones that project medially from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity, just inferior to the middle nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone. They are the largest of the three pairs of conchae and, like the others, they form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity."

Question 26

The "keystone bone" of the face is the...

Answer 26

Maxilla

Question 27

What are the six parts of the rib and their locations?

Answer 27

Costal Groove to accommodate blood vessels and nerves on the inferior posterior edge, Shaft (long comparatively straight portion), Angle (curve of rib), Head (attachment to spine), Neck (below Head), Tubercle (bump near neck)

Question 28

What changes happen to the skull structure from approximately ages 6 to 13?

Answer 28

Between the ages of 6 and 13, healthy humans will... - Develop permanent teeth - Jaws, cheekbone, and nose become more prominent - The nasal area and paranasal sinuses expand

Question 29

What bone contains mastoid sinuses?

Answer 29

Temporal bone (Remember: temporal has the **mastoid** process.)

Question 30

With which bone does the mandible articulate in the skull?

Answer 30

It fits into the mandibular fossa in the temporal bone. (The depression directly below the branchlike extension of the zygomatic process.)

Question 31

The vomer forms part of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 31

Part of the nasal septum

Question 32

An infection of the mastoid sinuses can be caused by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_. It can present a danger to due the possibility of \_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 32

An infection of the mastoid sinuses can be caused by the **spread of an ear infection due to close proximity.** It can present a danger to due the possibility of **spreading to the brain.**

Question 33

Identify the part of a rib and thoracic vertebra indicated by "C."

Answer 33

Neck of rib

Question 34

Foramen ovale is part of what bone?

Answer 34

Sphenoid

Question 35

What would you find located in the lacrimal fossa?

Answer 35

The lacrimal sac "The lacrimal fossa houses the **lacrimal sac**, part of the passageway that allows **tears** to drain from the eye surface into the nasal cavity"

Question 36

True or false: Sinuses are found in multiple bones, including the mandible.

Answer 36

False! There is no sinus in the mandible.

Question 37

Where would a dentist inject novocaine to prevent pain in the lower teeth?

Answer 37

The mandibular foramen

Question 38

What is this bone and what are the names of each part?

Answer 38

Question 39

What are the fontanels? What is the structure indicated by B?

Answer 39

A fontanel is a "soft spot" on an infant's skull, covered by a tough fibrous membrane before the skull fully ossifies. It allows the infant skull enough flexibility to pass through the birth canal while protecting the delicate brain. B: Posterior Fontanel

Question 40

The supraorbital foramen is contained in the...

Answer 40

Frontal bone (Supra = superior = higher up. The upper edge of the eye socket.)