Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology Obied > B1 > Flashcards

B1 Flashcards

(67 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What do nucleus’s contain?

A

It contains the cell’s DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the cytoplasm do?

A

It is where all the chemical reactions of the cell take place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the cell membrane do?

A
  • It controls what enters and exits the cell
  • Holds the cell together
  • Contain receptor molecules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does a mitochondria do?

A

Its where respiration takes place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do ribosomes do?

A

They make protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do plant cells have that animal cells do not have?

A

Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts and vacoule whereas animal cells do not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the difference between a light microscope and a electron microscope?

A

An electron microscope uses a beam of electrons to illuminate specimens and then magnify them whereas a light microscope uses light.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which has a higher resolution a light microscope or an electron microscope?

A

An electron microscope has a higher resolution?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a gene?

A

A sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a chromosome?

A

A strand of DNA containing genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is DNA?

A

A chemical which contains all the information needed to make an
organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a nucleotide?

A

It is a unit of DNA made of phosphate group, deoxyribose, and base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the bases that match with these? TACGGTA

A

A T G C C A T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name three structural features of a DNA molecule?

A

two strands; wound in a double-helix; joined together by DNA bases made
of a sequence of nucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

A substance produced by a living organism that acts as biological catalyst that brings about biological chemical reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name three functions of an enzyme?

A

-To build large molecules from smaller ones
- To break down large molecules
into smaller ones
-To convert one molecule into another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the average optimum temperature for an enzymes to work at its best rate?

A

37.5’C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why can enzymes not work efficiently at high temperatures?

A

High enough temperatures will cause the enzyme to denature and have its structure start to break up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are carbohydrates used for?

A

Provides the body with energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are lipids used for?

A

They are used as a store of energy, and for insulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are proteins used for?

A

They are used for growth and repair of body tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are vitamins and minerals used for?

A

They are required by the body to maintain good health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the difference between a monomer and a polymer?

A

A monomer is a single unit while polymer is a chain of units.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What enzyme digests carbohydrates?

A

Amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What enzyme digests proteins?
Protease
26
What enzyme digests lipids?
Lypase
27
Where does aerobic respiration take place in a cell?
The mitochondria
28
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Oxygen + Glucose => Carbon Dioxide + Water
29
What is the BALANCED chemical equation for aerobic respiration?
6O2 + C6 H12 O6 => 6CO2 + 6H2O
30
What is the difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration?
Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen, lactic acid is produced, water and carbon dioxide are not produced.
31
What is the name of the substance produced by respiration?
ATP
32
What are the reactants of photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide & water
33
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose & Oxygen
34
Where does photosynthesis take place?
The chloroplasts
35
What is the pigment found in the chloroplasts?
Chlorophyll
36
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide + Water => Oxygen + Glucose
37
What is the BALANCED chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O => 6O2 + C6 H12 O6
38
How do the reactants of photosynthesis enter a plant?
Water diffuses into the roots (by osmosis); oxygen diffuses into the leaves through the stomata.
39
What does the 'rate of photosynthesis' mean?
The rate at which carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose by a plant
40
Suggest a method that could be used to measure the rate of photosynthesis.
Measuring the rate of evolution of oxygen by a plant, as oxygen is a product of photosynthesis
41
What is the DNA in the form of inside the nucleus?
Chromosones
42
What is the function of the chromosomal DNA in a prokaryotic cell?
It controls the cells activities and replication
43
What are the functions of the plasmids in a prokaryotic cells? (2)
- Drug resistance | - Passing genes between bacteria
44
What does a nucleotide contain? (In order)
A Phosphate, a sugar and a Base
45
What is the A base called?
Adenine
46
What is the C base called?
Cytosine
47
What is the G base called?
Guanine
48
What is the T base called?
Thymine
49
What is DNA made up of?
It is made of nucleotide monomers
50
What does a DNA control in a cell?
The production of proteins
51
What is protein made up of?
A chain of monomers called amino acids
52
What determines the order of amino acids?
The order of bases in a gene
53
How are each bases coded for and whats it called?
They are coded for by a sequence of three bases called a triplet code
54
What do chemical reactions in the cell make up?
The cell's metabolism
55
Where do substrates attach in an enzyme?
The active site
56
What is the lock and key hypothesis?
- Enzyme can only work if substrate fits into the active site - If the substrate doesn't fit then the reaction won't be catalysed
57
How does the pH affect effect enzymes?
- If the pH is too high or too low it interferes with the bonds holding the enzymes together. - It can also affect the shape of the active site
58
What do carbohydrate molecules contain?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
59
What polymer do the monomers maltose and simple sugars join to make?
Starch
60
Where are carbohydrates broken down in the body?
The mouth and small intestine
61
What monomer makes up protein?
amino acids
62
What monomers are lipids made up of and how many of each?
One glycerol and three fatty acids
63
What atoms are amino acids made up of?
Carbon, nitrogen,hydrogen and oxygen
64
Where are proteins broken down?
The stomach and small intestine
65
What atoms do lipids contain?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
66
Where are lipids broken down?
The small intestines
67
What is biomass?
The mass of living material?

Biology Obied (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions