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Biology > B11 - Hormonal Coordination > Flashcards

B11 - Hormonal Coordination Flashcards

1
Q

What is the second Co-Ordination and Control System in the Body called?

A

The Endocrine System.

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2
Q

The Endocrine System is made up of _______ that secrete Chemicals called _________ directly into the Bloodstream.

A

Glands…Hormones…

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3
Q

Blood carries the _______ to a Target _____ where it produces an effect.

A

Hormones…Organ…

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4
Q

Hormones that give a rapid response include ________ and ___________.

A

Insulin…Adrenaline…

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5
Q

What does Insulin do?

A

Controls the Blood Glucose.

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6
Q

What does Adrenaline do?

A

Prepares your body for ‘Fight or Flight’.

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7
Q

Which Two Hormones are slow-acting but with long-term effects?

A

Growth and Sex Hormones.

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8
Q

Endocrine Glands are Co-Ordinated and Controlled by the ___________ Gland.

A

Pituitary.

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9
Q

The Pituitary Gland is the ________ Gland.

A

Master.

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10
Q

The ____________ Gland secretes several ___________ into the Blood in response to Body Conditions.

A

Pituitary…Hormones…

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11
Q

Some Hormones act on other _______ and stimulate them to release Hormones to bring about specific effects.

A

Glands.

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12
Q

The Follicle Stimulating Hormone (___) stimulates the Ovaries to make the Female Sex Organ Oestrogen.

A

FSH.

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13
Q

The Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (___) stimulates the Thyroid ______ to make Thyroxine, a Hormone that helps control the rate of Metabolism in the Body.

A

TSH…Gland…

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14
Q

What are the Seven key Endocrine Glands?

A

Pituitary, Thyroid, Pancreas, Adrenal, Glands, Ovaries and Testes.

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15
Q

What does the Pituitary Gland control?

A

Growth in Children.

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16
Q

What does the Thyroid Gland control?

A

The Metabolic rate of the Body.

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17
Q

What does the Pancreas Gland control?

A

The level of Glucose in the Blood.

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18
Q

What does the Adrenal Gland prepare the Body for?

A

Stressful situations.

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19
Q

What do the Ovary Glands control?

A

The Menstrual Cycle.

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20
Q

What do the Testicular Glands control?

A

Production of Sperm.

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21
Q

What controls your Blood and Glucose Concentration?

A

Pancreas.

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22
Q

The Pancreas produces the Hormone ________.

A

Insulin.

23
Q

Insulin allows Glucose to move from the _______ into the Cells and be stored as ___________ in the Liver and Muscles.

A

Blood…Glycogen…

24
Q

What happens in Type 1 Diabetes?

A

Blood Glucose may rise to fatally high levels because the Pancreas does not produce enough Insulin.

25
Q

What happens in Type 2 Diabetes?

A

The Body stops responding to its own Insulin.

26
Q

What do you need to do if you have Type 1 Diabetes?

A

Have Replacement Insulin before Meals (Injection).

27
Q

What does the Injected Insulin do?

A

Allows Glucose to be taken into Body Cells and and be converted to Glycogen in the Liver.

28
Q

What are the Two key ways to possibly cure Type 1 Diabetes?

A

Doctors could Transplant a Pancreas or Transplant the Pancreatic Cells that make Insulin.

29
Q

What is linked to (Symptoms of) Type 2 Diabetes?

A

Obesity, Lack of Exercise or Old Age.

30
Q

How do People with Type 2 Diabetes restore their Normal Blood Glucose?

A

Eating a Balanced Diet, Losing Weight and Doing Exercise.

31
Q

For Type 2 Diabetes, there are Drugs that:

A

Help Insulin work better, Help your Pancreas produce Insulin or reduce the amount of Glucose you absorb.

32
Q

Puberty is when the Reproductive _______ become active and the Body takes on its Adult form.

A

Organs.

33
Q

During Puberty, the Reproductive _________ control the Development of the Secondary Sexual Characteristics.

A

Hormones.

34
Q

We are Born with ___________ Sexual Characteristics.

A

Primary.

35
Q

What are the Primary Sexual Characteristics in Girls?

A

Ovaries.

36
Q

What are the Primary Sexual Characteristics in Boys?

A

Testes.

37
Q

What is the main Female Reproductive Organ?

A

Oestrogen.

38
Q

What produces Oestrogen?

A

Ovaries.

39
Q

At Puberty, Eggs begin to mature in the ______ and one is released every ___ Days at Ovulation.

A

Ovary…28…

40
Q

What is the main Male Reproductive Hormone?

A

Testosterone.

41
Q

What is Testosterone produced by?

A

The Testes.

42
Q

What does the Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) cause?

A

It causes the Eggs in the Ovary to mature.

43
Q

What does the Luteinising Hormone (LH) Stimulate?

A

It stimulates the release of the Egg at Ovulation.

44
Q

What do Oestrogen and Progesterone stimulate?

A

They both stimulate the build-up and maintenance of the Uterus Lining.

45
Q

What is Contraception?

A

A method of Preventing Pregnancy.

46
Q

Oral Contraceptives use Female __________ to prevent _____________.

A

Hormones…Pregnancy…

47
Q

The Contraceptive Pill contains low does of __________ and Progesterone.

A

Oestrogen.

48
Q

Some Contraceptive Pills contain only ______________.

A

Progesterone.

49
Q

What is an effect of the Contraceptive Pill?

A

Increased risk of Breast Cancer.

50
Q

Chemicals that Kill or Disable Sperm are known as ___________.

A

Spermicides.

51
Q

Barrier Methods of Contraception prevent Sperm from reaching the ____.

A

Egg.

52
Q

Intrauterine Devices are small structures inserted into the ________ by a Doctor which last usually 3-5 ______.

A

Uterus…Years…

53
Q

If People do not want to make children, then can be Surgically ____________.

A

Sterilised.

54
Q

What are the Seven Methods of Contraception?

A

Oral Contraceptives, Hormonal Injection, Implants, Barrier Method, Intrauterine Devices, Spermicidal Agents and Surgical Sterilisation.

Biology (18 decks)

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