B13 - Variation And Evolution

Question 1

The Basic Characteristics of EVERY Individual are the result of the Genes that have Inherited from their __________.

Answer 1

Parents.

Question 2

What are Features of Inherited Genetic Information from Parents?

Answer 2

• Eye Colour
• Nose Shape
• Sex

Question 3

Some Differences between People are due to the ______________.

Answer 3

Environment.

Question 4

What is Genetic Variation known as?

Answer 4

Nature.

Question 5

What is Environmental Variation known as?

Answer 5

Nurture.

Question 6

Examples or Environmental Variation?

Answer 6

• Accent
• Skin Colour
• Hair Colour

Question 7

Examples of Environmental AND Genetic Variation?

Answer 7

• Height

- Weight

Question 8

What is Mutation?

Answer 8

A change in the DNA Code.

Question 9

Mutations can take place whenever Cells _________.

Answer 9

Divide.

Question 10

Many Mutations have NO EFFECT on the ______________ of an Organism.

Answer 10

Phenotype.

Question 11

Some Mutations are SO HARMFUL that the Organism doesn’t __________.

Answer 11

Survive.

Question 12

The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection states that ALL Species or Living Things have ____________ from Simple Life Forms that First Developed more than 3 __________ Years Ago.

Answer 12

Evolved…Billion…

Question 13

Evolution through Natural Selection produces Changes in the Inherited Characteristics of a Population over-time, that result in Organisms that are well-suited to their _________________.

Answer 13

Environment.

Question 14

What are Variants?

Answer 14

Changes in Genes.

Question 15

Individual Organisms within a Particular Species show a Wide Range of _____________ and Genetic Variation.

Answer 15

Phenotype.

Question 16

Individuals with Characteristics most-suited to the _________________ are more likely to Survive to Breed successfully.

Answer 16

Environment.

Question 17

The Alleles (Variants) that have Enabled Individuals to _________ are passed onto the next Generation.

Answer 17

Survive.

Question 18

If Two Populations of One Species become so different they can no longer ________________ to Produce Fertile Offspring, they have formed Two New Species.

Answer 18

Interbreed.

Question 19

When new Variants arise from a ____________, there may be a Relatively Rapid Change in a Species.

Answer 19

Mutation.

Question 20

If Mutation gives an Organism an _____________ in the Changed Environment, making it more likely to Survive and Breed in the New Conditions, the New Allele will become common quite quickly.

Answer 20

Advantage.

Question 21

What are the Key Steps in Natural Selection?

Answer 21

Mutation Of A Gene –> Advantage To Survive –> Breed –> Pass On Genes

Question 22

You can Change Animals and Plants by _______________ Selecting which Members of a Group you want to Breed.

Answer 22

Artificially.

Question 23

What are Examples of Desired Characteristics in Selective Breeding?

Answer 23

• Disease Resistant.

- Increased Food Production.

Question 24

Genetic Manipulation by Selective _____________ has Resulted in Animals and Plants with Strange Combinations of ________.

Answer 24

Breeding…Genes…

Question 25

Selective Breeding reduces the Number of ___________ in the Population.

Answer 25

Alleles.

Question 26

Inbreeding is where some Breeding Populations are so closely Bred that there is Little ______________, which causes certain Disease or Inherited _________.

Answer 26

Variation...Defects...

Question 27

Genetic Engineering involves Changing the Genetic ___________ of an Organism.

Answer 27

Material.

Question 28

What is involved with Genetic Engineering?

Answer 28

The Gene for a Desirable Characteristic is cut out of one Organism and Transferred to the Genetic Materials in the Cells of another Organism.

Question 29

Genetically Engineered Bacteria can be used on a Large Scale to make Quantities of Protein from other Organisms, such as:

Answer 29

- Human Insulin. | - Human Growth Hormones.

Question 30

There is a Limit to the ___________ that Bacteria can make.

Answer 30

Proteins.

Question 31

Crops that have had their Genes Modified by Genetic Engineering Techniques are known as ______________ ____________ Crops (GM Crops).

Answer 31

Genetically Modified.

Question 32

Genetically Modified Crops (___ _____) often show Increased Yields.

Answer 32

GM Crops.

Question 33

GM Crops often have Improved _______________ to Insect Attack or Herbicides.

Answer 33

Resistance.

Question 34

Increasing Crop Yields is Extremely Important in Providing Food __________ for the World's Human Population.

Answer 34

Security.

Question 35

Potatoes have been Genetically Modified to make more __________.

Answer 35

Starch.

Question 36

Sometimes, _______________ ____________ (GM) Crops contain Genes from a Completely Different __________.

Answer 36

Genetically Modified...Species...

Question 37

Genetic Engineering could possibly help Cure Inherited Human ____________.

Answer 37

Disorders.

Question 38

There are Benefits and Risks associated with Genetic Engineering in Agriculture and _____________.

Answer 38

Medicine.

Question 39

Genetically Engineered Micro-Organisms can make the Proteins Humans need in Large _____________ and in a very Pure Form.

Answer 39

Quantities.

Question 40

Scientists can Genetically Modify Mice so they Mimic Human ___________. These are useful to Developing Cures for Conditions ranging from Cancer to Diabetes.

Answer 40

Diseases.

Question 41

What are the Main Advantages of Genetic Engineering in Agriculture?

Answer 41

- Improved Growth Rates of Plants and Animals. - Increased Food-Value of Crops. - Crops can be Designed to Adapt to their Climate.

Question 42

Some People have _________ Objections to Genetic Engineering.

Answer 42

Ethical.

Question 43

Some People are Concerned about Eating Genetically Modified Food on Human _________.

Answer 43

Health.

Question 44

Genes from Genetically Modified Plants and Animals might spread into the ____________ of the Countryside, which is a Serious Concern.

Answer 44

Wildlife.

Question 45

People may want to Manipulate the Genes of their Future Children to make sure they are born __________, but the Concern is that we could get carried away and Produce 'Designer' Babies with High ________________ or Good Looks.

Answer 45

Healthy...Intelligence...