B2 Flashcards
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA to produce two daughter cells
Mitosis
In cell biology, mitosis is a part of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei.
Differentiate
make or become different in the process of growth or development.
Stem cell
It can become any type of cell that is required
Cloning
Cloning is having cell exactly the same as other cells and making huge numbers of them cels
Ygote
a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
Embryonic stem cells
They form all specialised stem cells in the body
Therapeutic cloning
Making adult cells clone it is a very difficult process
Cell
cell is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently. The study of cells is called cell biology. Cells consist of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane, which contains many biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids.
Dna
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses
Differentiation
the action or process of differentiating or distinguishing between two or more things or people.
Spinal cord
The spinal cord is the main pathway for information connecting the brain and peripheral nervous system. The human spinal cord is protected by the bony spinal column shown to the left. The spinal column is made up of bones called vertebrae.
Heart
a hollow muscular organ that pumps the blood through the circulatory system by rhythmic contraction and dilation. In vertebrates there may be up to four chambers (as in humans), with two atria and two ventricles.
Kidney
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs found on the left and right sides of the body in vertebrates. They are located at the back of the abdominal cavity in the retroperitoneal space.
Insulin producing cells
The primary function of a beta cell is to store and release insulin. Insulin is a hormone that brings about effects which reduce blood glucose concentration. Beta cells can respond quickly to spikes in blood glucose concentrations by secreting some of their stored insulin while simultaneously producing more.
