B4

Question 1

Plasma

Answer 1

Plasma is the yellowish fluid in blood that makes up the 55% of the total blood volume. It consists of dissolved proteins, glucose, clotting factors, mineral ions, hormones and carbon dioxide. In the body, plasma serves as a medium to transport essential substances in blood

Question 2

Red blood cells

Answer 2

also called erythrocytes, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate’s principal means of delivering oxygen to the body tissues

Question 3

White blood cells

Answer 3

also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.

Question 4

Platelets

Answer 4

Platelets, also called thrombocytes, are a component of blood whose function is to stop bleeding by clumping and clotting blood vessel injuries

Question 5

Haemoglobin

Answer 5

Hemoglobin or haemoglobin; abbreviated Hb or Hgb, is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of all vertebrates as well as the tissues of some invertebrates

Question 6

Arteries

Answer 6

any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body.

Question 7

Vein

Answer 7

any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying mainly oxygen-depleted blood towards the heart.

Question 8

Capillary

Answer 8

any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.

Question 9

Double circulatory system

Answer 9

This means we have two loops in our body in which blood circulates. One is oxygenated, meaning oxygen rich, and the other is deoxygenated, which means it has little to no oxygen, but a lot of carbon dioxide.

Question 10

Coronary arteries

Answer 10

Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood in the blood vessels of the heart muscle. The vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium are the coronary arteries.

Question 11

Atria

Answer 11

The thin-walled chambers of the heart that pump blood into the ventricles. Consists of right atrium and left atrium.

Question 12

Vena cava

Answer 12

It carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body to the right atrium of the heart. The corresponding vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body is the superior vena cava

Question 13

Pulmonary vein

Answer 13

The pulmonary veins are the veins that transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. The largest pulmonary veins are the four main pulmonary veins, two from each lung that drain into the left atrium of the heart

Question 14

Ventricles

Answer 14

ventricle is one of two large chambers in the heart that collect and expel blood received from an atrium towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs

Question 15

Arota

Answer 15

The largest artery in the body which has its origin at the heart.

Question 16

Stent

Answer 16

In medicine, a stent is a metal or plastic tube inserted into the lumen of an anatomic vessel or duct to keep the passageway open, and stenting is the placement of a stent.

Question 17

Stains

Answer 17

A stain is a discoloration that can be clearly distinguished from the surface, material, or medium it is found upon. They are caused by the chemical or physical interaction of two dissimilar materials

Question 18

xylem

Answer 18

Xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants, phloem being the other. The basic function of xylem is to transport water from roots to shoots and leaves, but it also transports some nutrients.

Question 19

Pholem

Answer 19

In vascular plants, phloem is the living tissue that transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis and known as photosynthates, in particular the sugar sucrose, to parts of the plant where needed.

Question 20

Translocation

Answer 20

the movement of something from one place to another.

Question 21

Aphids

Answer 21

Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that feed by inserting their slender mouthparts into phloem cells, the food conduits of plants. Most aphid species feed on only one species of plant and closely .

Question 22

Guard cells

Answer 22

They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata

Question 23

Transpiration

Answer 23

Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers