B3 Organisation And Digestion

Question 1

Organelles

Answer 1

Smaller parts of cells

Question 2

Tissue

Answer 2

A group of cells the same type

Question 3

Organ

Answer 3

Group of cells working together

Question 4

Organ system

Answer 4

Group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions

Question 5

Examples of cells

Answer 5

Blood cells

Stem cells

Sperm cells

Question 6

Examples of tissues

Answer 6

Epithelial tissue

Muscle tissue

Nervous tissue

Question 7

Examples of organs

Answer 7

Brain

Lungs

Heart

Question 8

Name all the organs in the digestive system

Answer 8

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus

Question 9

Function of mouth

Answer 9

The teeth rip, chew and grind the food into smaller pieces

Question 10

Function of large intestine

Answer 10

Excess water is absorbed from the food

Question 11

Function of small intestine

Answer 11

Breaks down nutrients

Absorbs nutrients

Gets rid of unnecessary components

Question 12

Function of liver

Answer 12

Bile in the liver neutralises stomach acid and emulsify fats

Question 13

Function of pancreas

Answer 13

Protease, lipase and amylase are released into the small intestine to help digest the food

Question 14

Function of rectum

Answer 14

Where the faeces are stored before passed out of the anus

Question 15

Which food molecules are polymers

Answer 15

Proteins polymers of amino acids and nucleic acid

Question 16

Tissues that make up organs

Answer 16

Epithelial tissue

Connective tissue

Muscle tissue

Nervous tissue

Question 17

How the small intestine is adapted to its function

Answer 17

Villi and microvilli that increase surface area

Question 18

Why the cells of multicellular organisms are organised into tissues, organs and organ systems

Answer 18

To support the life processes of cells to keep the organism alive

Question 19

Functions of Epithelial tissue

Answer 19

Protection

Absorption

Diffusion

Question 20

Does potato contain

Starch, lipids, sugar, protein

Answer 20

Starch

Question 21

Does vegetable oil contain

Starch, lipids, sugar, protein

Answer 21

Lipids

Question 22

Do egg whites contain

Starch, lipids, sugar, protein

Answer 22

Sugar

Protein

Question 23

Does a banana contain

Starch, lipids, sugar, protein

Answer 23

Sugar

Protein

Question 24

Starch test

Answer 24

Few drops of iodine on food solution

If solution turns blue-black starch is present

Question 25

Lipid test

Answer 25

Few drops of ethanol to food solution If solution turns cloudy food has lipids

Question 26

Sugar test

Answer 26

Few drops of benedict's to food solution If solution turns green the food contains some sugar If orange-red the food contains lots of sugar

Question 27

Protein test

Answer 27

Few drops of biuret to food solution If purple contains protien

Question 28

Enzymes

Answer 28

Proteins which act as biological catalysts

Question 29

1 function of enzymes inside the body

Answer 29

Speed up the rate of a chemical reaction Destroy toxins Build muscle

Question 30

What affects how well an enzyme works

Answer 30

Temperature and pH

Question 31

How are enzymes used in digestion

Answer 31

To break down food molecules

Question 32

What do carbohydrates, proteins and lipids break down to

Answer 32

Carbohydrase Protease Lipase

Question 33

How to test for substrates and products in the model gut

Answer 33

Set up Visking tubing Fill with mixture of starch and glucose Suspend in boiling tube for period of time

Question 34

How some organisms can survive in extreme conditon

Answer 34

Enzymes enable these organisms to function in extreme conditions

Question 35

How a change in temperature or pH affects the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction

Answer 35

Raising temperature generally speeds up a reaction Lowering temperature slows down a reaction

Question 36

How enzymes speed up reactions

Answer 36

Reducing the activation energy increasing the rate of reaction

Question 37

Use the ‘lock and key theory’ to explain why the shape of the enzyme is vital for it to function

Answer 37

The substrate fits perfectly into the enzyme's active site

Question 38

Why high temperatures and changes in pH prevent enzymes from catalysing reactions

Answer 38

High temperatures will break these forces

Question 39

How enzymes control metabolism

Answer 39

Enzymes lower the activation energies of chemical reactions

Question 40

What does the stomach contain

Answer 40

Acid

Question 41

Where is bile produced

Answer 41

Liver

Question 42

Functions of bile

Answer 42

Aids in digestion Absorption of fat

Question 43

How acid in the stomach increases the efficiency of pepsin

Answer 43

A low pH (1.5 to 2) activates pepsin

Question 44

How bile increases the efficiency of fat digestion

Answer 44

Breaks down larger fat globules in food into small droplets of fat

Question 45

How the rate of an enzyme catalysed reaction shows how efficient the reaction is

Answer 45

kcat/km ratio