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Biology > B5 Communicable Diseases > Flashcards

B5 Communicable Diseases Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

Examples of communicable diseases

A

Small pox

Cancer

Measles

Influenza

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2
Q

Examples of non-communicable diseases

A

Asthma

Depression

Athletes foot

Cardiovascular

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3
Q

Health

A

State of physical and mental wellbeing

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4
Q

What causes communicable diseases

A

Pathogens

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5
Q

Correlation

A

Apparent link between 2 factors

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6
Q

Casual mechanism

A

How one factor affects the other

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7
Q

Pathogen

A

Micro-organism that causes a disease

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8
Q

Main types of pathogen

A

Bacteria, virus, fungi and protist

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9
Q

Communicable disease

A

A disease that can be passed from person to person

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10
Q

Bacteria function

A

Divide quickly and damage cells

Produce toxins that make you feel ill

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11
Q

Viruses function

A

Take over your cells to reproduce damaging and destroying your cells

Rarelu produce toxins that make you feel ill

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12
Q

Transmission

A

Spreading of microbes and disease

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13
Q

How do pathogen spread

A

Transmission by

Air, water, animals, contact

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14
Q

Viral diseases examples

A

Measles

HIV

AIDS

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15
Q

Bacterial diseases examples

A

Salmonella

Gonorrhoea

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16
Q

Fungal and protist diseases

A

Rose black spot

Malaria

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17
Q

Bacteria

A

Single-celled living organisms that are much smaller than animal and plant cells

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18
Q

Viruses

A

Smaller than bacteria

Cause diseases in every type of living organism

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19
Q

Common disease symptoms

A

High temperature

Headaches

Rashes

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20
Q

What happens during vaccination

A

Doctors introduce a small amount of a specific pathogen into your body

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21
Q

Main symptoms of measles

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A

Fever

Red skin rash

22
Q

First virus to be isolated

Study These Flashcards
A

Tobacco mosiac virus

23
Q

How is tobacco mosaic virus spread

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A

By contact between diseased plant material and healthy insects

24
Q

Antibiotics

Study These Flashcards
A

Kill bacteria or stop them from growing and cure bacterial diseases

25
Salmonella And where it is found in
Bacteria that live in the guts of many different animals Found in raw meat, poultry, eggs
26
Symptoms of gonorrhoea
Thick yellow discharge from penis or vagina
27
Agrobacterium tumefaciens 💀
A bacterium that causes that causes crown galls
28
Fungal disease example
Athlete's foot Rose black spot
29
Fungal diseases function
Can be fatal when they attack lungs or brains of people who are already ill
30
Protists
Single celled organims that causes a range of diseases in animals and plants
31
What is malaria caused by
Protists pathogens that are parasites
32
Culture
To grow in very large numbers so scientists see all the bacteria
33
Binary fission
Multiplies bacteria once every 20 minutes
34
Mutation
A change in the DNA which could produce a dangerous pathogen
35
How do bacteria reproduce
Binary fission They split in 2
36
What does growth rate of bacteria depend on
Nutrients Oxygen Temperature pH
37
Symptoms if a plant is infected by disease
Stunted growth Spots on leaves
38
Waxy cuticle
Covers surface of leaf which acts as a barrier to stop pathogens from entering the leaf
39
What are plant cell walls made of
Cellulose
40
Examples of mechanical defences from plants
Thorns and hairs
41
Examples of chemical defences of plants
Some plants produce antibacterial chemicals that kill bacteria Nettles produce poison
42
Examples of chemical defenses the body uses against bacteria
Hydrochloric acid to kill microbes Enzyme called lysozyme kills pathogens
43
Examples of mechanical diseases the body uses against bacteria
Platelets rush to surface forming a clot which dries into a scab Goblet cells produce a sticky mucus to trap pathogens
44
3 ways white blood cells mount an attack against pathogens
Phagocytosis Produces antibodies Produces antitoxins
45
Antibodies function (Formed from white blood cells)
Attach to pathogens marking them for destruction
46
How are antitoxins produced
By white blood cells that cancel out the toxins produced by pathogens
47
Skin defences
Skin covers body and acts as a barrier Produces antimicrobial secretions to destroy pathogenic bacteria
48
Defence of respiratory system
The hairs and mucus in nose trap particles in the air that may contain pathogens
49
Ways microorganisms get in your body
Cuts Injections Animal bites
50
What happens to your skin when you cut yourself
Your blood dries up and goes hard It clots
51
Antibodies
Destroy microorganisms

Biology (4 decks)

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