Biology

Question 1

Stem cells

Answer 1

Unspecialised cells that can develop into many other types of cells

Question 2

What do stem cells differentiate into

Answer 2

All types of cells in the body

Sex cell, muscle cell, fat cell, immune cell, epithelial cell, nervous cell, blood cell, bone cell

Question 3

Function of Villi

Answer 3

Provides the small intestine with a large surface area so more digested food can be absorbed into the bloodstream

Good blood supply

Question 4

Villi

Answer 4

Tiny projections which cover the inside of the small intestine

Question 5

Microvilli

Answer 5

Microscopic cellular membrane protusions that increase the surface area for diffusion

Question 6

Does villi use diffusion or osmosis

Answer 6

Diffusion

Nutrients which diffuse

Question 7

Where is amylase produced

Answer 7

Pancreas and salivary glands

Question 8

Where is lipase produced

Answer 8

Pancreas, mouth and stomach

Question 9

Function of lipase

Answer 9

Break down fats in food so they can be absorbed in the intestines

Question 10

Where is protease produced

Answer 10

Stomach, pancreas and small intestine

Question 11

Protease function

Answer 11

Regulates the fate, localization, and activity of many proteins

Question 12

Starch test

Answer 12

Few drops of iodine on food solution

If food solution turns blue-black starch is present

Question 13

Lipid test

Answer 13

Few drops of ethanol to food solution

If solution turns cloudy it has lipids

Question 14

Sugar test

Answer 14

Few drops of benedict’s solution

If solution turns green contains some sugar

If orange-red it contains lots of sugar

Question 15

Protein test

Answer 15

Few drops of biuret solution

If purple contains protein

Question 16

Transpiration

Answer 16

When plants take up water from the soil and release water vapor into the air from their leaves

Question 17

How to do food tests

Answer 17

Crush food using a pestle and mortar

Add a few drops of distilled water

Filter contents of the mortar through the funnel and filter paper into a boiling tube

Question 18

Amylase function

Answer 18

Amylase and maltase mixtures break down starch into glucose in the mouth and small intestine

Question 19

Compare biological and mechanical heart

Answer 19

Mechanical valves last a lifetime but have increased risk of blood clots

Biological valves do not increase risk of either bleeding or clotting but will wear out sooner