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CP Test 4 > B4-075 Lower Airway Infection > Flashcards

B4-075 Lower Airway Infection Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

hospitalized
fever, chills, fatigue
SOB
change on CXR

A

hospital acquired pneumonia

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2
Q

trachea, bronchi, lung make up the […] respiratory tract

A

lower

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3
Q

bronchitis is usually caused by [pathogen]

A

virus

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4
Q

inflammation/infection of the lung parenchyma

A

pneumonia

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5
Q

acquired > 48 into hospitalization

A

HAP

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6
Q

most common cause of aspiration pneumonia

A

gastric contents

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7
Q

usually due to malignancy

A

post obstructive pneumonia

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8
Q

no vital sign changes
self-limited
no change on CXR
usually viral

A

bronchitis

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9
Q

treatment for bronchitis

A

supportive care

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10
Q

treatment pneumonia

A

directed antimicrobial therapy

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11
Q

cause of typical CAP pneumonia

A

S. pneumo

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12
Q

cause of atypical pneumonia

3

A

mycoplasma
legionella
clamydia pneumo.

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13
Q
A

alveolar infiltrate

typical pneumonia

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14
Q
A

interstitial infiltrates

atypical pneumonias

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15
Q
A

nodular infiltrates

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16
Q

if you are admitted with pneumonia, what two tests do we want?

A

sputum culture
blood culture

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17
Q

every patient with pneumonia, rule out…

A

covid

flu if flu season

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18
Q

urinary antigen test

A

legionella
S. pneumo

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19
Q
  • differentiates non-infectious from infectious pneumonia
  • determine when to stop antibiotics
A

procalcitonin

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20
Q

empiric therapy for HAP and VAP

A

MRSA coverage
2 pseudomona drugs from different classes

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21
Q
  • mechanical ventilation
  • fever, increased oxygen requirement
  • has purulent sputum
  • change on CXR
22
Q

what drugs should be avoided in empiric therapy of HAP and VAP?

2

Study These Flashcards
A
  • aminoglycosides
  • colistin
23
Q

main risk factor for resistant bugs

Study These Flashcards
A

IV antibiotics within past 3 months

24
Q

2 big drugs for MRSA

Study These Flashcards
A
  • vanc
  • linezolid
25
antipseudomonal drugs (B-lactams) | 6
* piperacillin-tazobactam * cefepime * ceftazidime * imipenem * meropenem * aztreonam
26
surfactant in the lungs inactivates | drug
daptomycin
27
antibiotic duration for HAP/VAP
7 days
28
sterile, free flowing pleural fluid adjacent to pneumonia
parapneumonic effusion
29
aspiration, poor dentition, malnutrition, and substance abuse can increase the risk of | complication of pneumonia
parapneumonic effusion
30
protracted illness more pleuritic pain delay in clinical improvement | complication of pneumonia
parapneumonic effusion
31
pleural fluid pH <7.1 or with + gram stain/culture | complication of pneumonia
empyema
32
treatment of empyema
drain it
33
alcoholism seizures poor oral hygiene aspiration risk factors for | complication of pneumonia
lung abscess
34
grows anaerobes on culture | complication of pneumonia
lung abscess
35
treatment for lung abscess
prolonged antibiotics | do not drain
36
intra-alveolar fibrino purulent exudate
lobar pneumonia | S. pneumo
37
caseating granulomas
TB
38
would exudate or transudate be seen in an acute infection?
exudate
39
why are older adults more susceptible to CAP?
aging immune system less able to respond to changes
40
created by inflammation from adjacent pneumonia
uncomplicated parapneumonic effusions
41
treatment for uncomplicated parapneumonic effusion
antibiotics for pneumonia
42
treatment for complicated parapneumonic effusion
antibiotics + drainage
43
when is a blood culture appropriate in the evaluation of CAP?
patients with prior MRSA infection
44
do patients with mild CAP require blood cultures?
no
45
COPD poses a risk for what bacterial infection?
pseudomonas
46
first line options for MRSA coverage | 2
* vancomycin * linezolid
47
first line options for gram negative coverage, including pseudomonas | specfic examples from 4 classes
* pipercillin tazobactam * cefepime/ceftazidime * imipenem/meropenem * aztreonam
48
azithromycin with ceftriaxone would be appropriate coverage for what type of patient?
CAP with no MRSA/pseudomonas risk
49
* no vital sign changes * no new findings on CXR | think...
acute bronchitis
50
treatment for CAP with no MRSA/pseudomonas risk
azithromycin and ceftriaxone

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