EBM Flashcards
what is the concern about the overlap between QI studies and clinical research trials?
QI studies randomizing patients to risky clinical trials
what is the challenge of public health research?
the potential need for informed consent for all potentially affected individuals
seek to analyze individual poor outcomes to indentify their root cause and look at processes of care to identify which practices have the best outcomes
QI studies
the biggest difference between clinical research and public health
whether the intervention will be directed at an individual level or a population level
studies interventions aimed at individuals
clinical research studies
explores how to provide interventions to broader populations
public health
what is the most secure way to assure participant privacy?
anonymous data collection
review research protocols to ensure they meet scientific and regulatory standards
IRB
concerns have recently been raised about the privacy protection of DNA because
DNA from existing samples can be traced back to the original donors or relatives
factors that may influence how patients and their families feel about controversy
- history of research abuse
- poor access to care
- health care disparities
what can minimize the risk of differential recall?
standardized questionnaires
generates a sample that is not representative of the larger population
selection bias
test performance is assessed using a […] study
cross sectional
use groups of people as the unit of analysis and are well-suited to looking at policy related changes
ecologic studies
includes a structured plan for considering scientific literature around a focused study question
systematic review
less expensive than cohort studies and can be conducted faster
case-control studies
researchers start with outcome of interest and look backwards in time for the exposure of interest
case-control
researchers first ask about exposure and follow people forward in time to look for the development
cohort study
[…] studies are well suited to rare exposure
cohort
[…] studies are well-suited to rare outcomes
case-control
two items being addressed in a single question
double barreled
suggests to the respondent that the researcher expects or desires a certain answer
leading question
what helps control for unobservable characteristics?
way to address potential bias
randomization
actual application of calculation from a number of studies
meta-analysis
