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M&M Test 3 > B6-074 Endocrine Myopathies > Flashcards

B6-074 Endocrine Myopathies Flashcards

1
Q

most common endocrine myopathy

A

steroid myopathy

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2
Q

examination may show ataxic gait and poor cognition

A

hypoadrenalism

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3
Q

papilledema and other signs of increased ICP may be present

A

hyperadrenalism

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4
Q

long term insufficient function of the adrenal cortex leading to underproduction of corticosteroids

A

Addison disease

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5
Q

no response to ACTH stimulation test

A

Addison disease

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6
Q

adrenal failure or destruction or infiltration of the adrenal glands

A

primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison)

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7
Q

[…] adrenal insufficiency is caused by lack of ACTH stimulation from the pituitary

A

secondary

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8
Q

secondary adrenal insufficiency is relatively common due to

A

widespread use of exogenous corticosteroids

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9
Q

rhabdomyolysis has been reported in

A

hypothyroidism

**elevated CK and myoglobinuria

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10
Q

motor movements can have reduced velocity with delayed relaxation of muscle stretch reflexes

A

hypothyroidism

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11
Q

median neuropathy at wrist
myoedema
muscle enlargement

A

hypothyroidism

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12
Q

muscle weakness with atrophy of the pelvic girdle

A

hyperthyroidism

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13
Q

slowly progressive weakness, myalgia, rhabdomyolysis

A

hypothyroidism

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14
Q

slowly progressive proximal weakness, acute severe quadriparesis

A

hyperthyroidism

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15
Q

restrictive opthalmoparesis, proptosis

A

thyroid opthalamopathy

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16
Q

attacks of generalized weakness lasting hours

A

thyrotoxic periodic paralysis

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17
Q

tetany
cataracts
increased ICP

A

hypoparathyroidsim

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18
Q

creatine kinase is usually markedly elevated

A

hypothyroidism

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19
Q

in hyperthyroidism, creatine kinase is usually

A

normal

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20
Q

in hypothyroidism, an EMG can be used to differentiate

A

delayed muscle relaxation from myotonia

21
Q

nonspecific type II muscle fiber loss with lipid storage

A

steroid myopathy

22
Q

nonspecific type II muscle fiber atrophy with glycogen storage

A

hypothyroidism

23
Q

vacuolar dilation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

thyrotoxic periodic paralysis

24
Q

rapidly evolving myopathy with deficient muscle fibers

A

corticosteroid therapy

25
Q

slowly progressive proximal weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps

A

hypothyroidism

26
Q

the EMG in hypothyroidism is often

A

normal

**doesn’t pick up myopathic processes

27
Q

EMG reports which type of muscle fibers?

A

I

**this is why it can look normal, if damage in type II

28
Q

hypothyroidism primarily atrophies type […] fibers

A

II

29
Q

what changes may you see to type I fibers in hypothyroidism?

A

cores

**may also see expression of neonatal/embryonic fiber types

30
Q

removal of the thyroid is a risk factor for the development of

A

hypoparathyroidism due to damage or accidental removal

31
Q

tetany
spasms
fasiculations
Chvosteks
Trousseaus

A

hypoparathyroidism causing hypocalcemia

32
Q

how does hypercortisolism cause striae?

A

decreases fibroblast activity –> decreases collagen formation

33
Q

exertional rhabdomyolysis

A

hypothyroidism

34
Q

hypothyroidism can cause atrophy of type […] muscle fibers

A

II

35
Q

Addison disease is characterized by decreased levels of [2]

A

cortisol
aldosterone

36
Q

fatigue
weight loss
skin hyperpigementation
hyponetremia
kyperkalemia
hypotension

A

Addisons

37
Q

caused most often by autoimmune destruction of the adrenal glands

A

Addison disease

38
Q

what test can differentiate primary, secondary, and tertiary adrenal insufficiency?

A

ACTH

39
Q

most characteristic physical exam finding in patients with Addison disease

A

hyperpigmentation

**prohormone POMC is cleaved into ACTH and MSH, elevated MSH stimulates melanocytes and causes hyperpigmentation

40
Q

thyroid hormone stimulates [3]

A

glycogenolysis
gluconeogenesis
lipolysis

41
Q

decreased serum calcium is a feature of

A

hypoparathyroidism

42
Q

increased serum calcium is a feature of

A

hyperparathyroidism

43
Q

Addisons disease is usually treated with

A

hydrocortisone

44
Q

the predominant manifestation of acute adrenal failure is […] and should be treated with […]

A

shock
IM hydrocortisone

45
Q

combining any statin with […] greatly increases the chance of rhabdomyolysis

A

gemfibrozil

46
Q

primary screening tests for Cushings [2]

A

24-urine free cortisol (or salivary)
dexamethasone suppression test

47
Q

anti-thyroid drugs

A

methimazole
PTU

48
Q
A

M&M Test 3 (16 decks)

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