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M&M Test 3 > B6-091 Head Anatomy > Flashcards

B6-091 Head Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

5 layers of scalp

A

Skin
Connective tissue (dense)
Aponeurotic layer
Loose connective tissue
Pericranium

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2
Q

why does a scalp wound bleed profusely?

A

the dense connective tissue holds the arteries open

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3
Q

what layers are considered the scalp when someone has been scalped?

A

skin
dense connective tissue
aponeurotic layer

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4
Q

allows scalp movement and also provides a potential space for infection

A

loose connective tissue layer

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5
Q

aponeurosis of the scalp comes from which muscle?

A

occipital frontalis

**causes gaping wound

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6
Q

what causes a scalp injury to be a gaping wound?

A

cut is through aponeurosis and the
occipital frontalis pulls down on it

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7
Q

the anterior cranial fossa houses the […] lobe

A

frontal

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8
Q

the middle cranial fossa houses the […] lobe

A

temporal

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9
Q

the posterior cranial fossa houses the […] lobe

A

cerebellum and bainstem

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10
Q

what nerve passes through the cribriform formina?

A

CN1 olfactory

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11
Q

what nerve passes through the optic canal?

A

CN2 optic

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12
Q

what nerve passes through the superior orbital fissure? [4]

A

CN 3 occulomotor
CN 4 trochlear
CN 5-1 ophthalmic of trigeminal
CN 6 abducens

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13
Q

what nerve passes through the foramen rotundum?

A

CN 5-2 maxillary of trigeminal

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14
Q

what nerve passes through the foramen ovale?

A

CN 5-3 mandibular of trigeminal

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15
Q

what nerve passes through the internal acoustic meatus? [2]

A

CN 7 facial
CN 8 vestibulocochlear

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16
Q

what nerve passes through the jugular foramen? [3]

A

CN 9 glossopharyngeal
CN 10 vagus
CN 11 spinal accessory

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17
Q

what nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal?

A

CN12 hypoglossal

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18
Q

middle meningeal artery passes through foramen […]

A

spinosum

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19
Q

brainstem passes through foramen […]

A

magnum

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20
Q

optic nerve and […] pass through optic canals

A

ophthalamic arteries (supply orbit)

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21
Q

[…] and accessory meningeal artery pass through foramen ovale

A

mandibular nerve

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22
Q

interior pertrosal, sigmoid sinuses, and ascending pharygeal/occipital arteries pass through […] foramen

A

jugular

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23
Q

provide a route for infection to go between the scalp and dural venous sinuses

A

emissary veins

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24
Q

anosmia indicates damage to

A

CN 1 (olfactory)

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25
Q

cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea indicates damage to

A

CN1 olfactory

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26
Q

loss of pupillary constriction indicates damage to

A

CN 2 optic

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27
Q

visual field defects indicates damage to

A

CN 2 optic

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28
Q

dilated pupil
lost pupillary reflex on side of lesion
indicates damage to

A

CN3 occulomotor

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29
Q

ptosis
eye turns “down and out”
indicates damage to

A

CN3 occulomotor

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30
Q

inability to look down when eye is adducted indicates damage to

A

CN 4 trochlear

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31
Q

loss of pain and touch over cheek indicates damage to

A

CN5 trigeminal

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32
Q

deviation of mandible to side of lesion when mouth is opened indicates damage to

A

CN5 trigeminal

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33
Q

temporalis and masseter muscles do not contract indicating damage to

A

CN 5 trigeminal

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34
Q

eye fails to move laterally
diplopia on lateral gaze
indicates damage to

A

CN 6 abducens

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35
Q

paralysis of facial muscles (eye remains open, angle of mouth drops, forehead doesnt wrinkle)
indicated damage to

A

CN 7 facial

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36
Q

progressive unilateral hearing loss
tinnitus
indicates damage to

A

CN 8 vestibulocochlear

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37
Q

loss of taste on posterior third of tongue
loss of sensation on affected side of palate
indicates damage to

A

CN 9 glossopharyneal

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38
Q

sagging of soft palate, deviation of uvula to one side, hoarseness
indicates damage to

A

CN 10 vagus

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39
Q

paralysis of SCM and trapezius causing drooping of the shoulder indicates damage to

A

CN 11 spinal accessory

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40
Q

protruded tongue deviates toward affected side indicates damage to

A

CN 12 hypoglossal

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41
Q

“dipping in” of the anterior fontanel indicates

A

dehydration of infant

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42
Q

anterior fontanelle typically fuses by […]

A

18 months

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43
Q

bulging of anterior fontanel indicates

A

increased ICP

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44
Q

posterior fontanel usually fuses by

A

end of 1st year

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45
Q

fontanelles located deep to temporalis [2]

A

sphenoidal
mastoid

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46
Q

3 layers of meninges

A

dura mater
arachnoid mater
pia mater

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47
Q

protrudes through meningeal layer of dura into venous sinuses and spinal cord

A

arachoid mater

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48
Q

what meninge is adherent to the brain and highly vascularized?

A

pia mater

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49
Q

2 layers of dura mater

A

periosteal layer
meningeal layer

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50
Q

the space between the arachnoid mater and pia mater contains

A

CSF

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51
Q

dural sheath that separates the right and left hemispheres of brain

A

falx cerebri

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52
Q

dural sheath that separates the occipital lobe from cerebellum

A

tentorium cerebelli

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53
Q

dural sheath that separates the two hemispheres of the cerebellum

A

falx cerebellum

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54
Q

dural sheath that covers the pituitary gland

A

diaphragma sellae

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55
Q

eventually the dural sinuses lead to the

A

internal jugular vein

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56
Q

sinus that extends from superior orbital fissure, runs along either side of the stella tursica to petras bone

A

cavernous dural sinus

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57
Q

cavernous sinus has direct communication with the

A

ophthalmic vein (has direct communication with facial vein)

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58
Q

how can zits cause infection of the cavernous sinus?

A

valveless veins with direct communication between facial and ophthalmic veins

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59
Q

the region where the frontal, parietal, temporal, and sphenoid bones join

A

pterion

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60
Q

a blow to the side of the head can cause a fracture of the pterion, damaging what artery?

A

middle meningeal artery

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61
Q

what nerves supply innervation to the anterior fossa? [2]

A

CN V1-opthalmic
CN V2-maxillary

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62
Q

what nerve supplies innervation to the middle fossa?

A

CN V3, mandibular

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63
Q

tentorium cerebelli is innervated by

A

CN1 olfactory

**tumor pressing here can cause headaches behind eyes

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64
Q

what nerve supplies innervation to posterior fossa?

A

C2 and C3 but carried by Hypoglossal and Vagus

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65
Q

the […] produces CSF

A

choroid plexus

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66
Q

describe the flow of CSF

A

lateral ventricle -> foramen of monroe -> third ventricle -> cerebral aqueduct -> 4th ventricle -> subarachnoid space

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67
Q

CSF is returned to blood stream via

A

subarachnoid granulations and villi

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68
Q

CSF drains primarily into the […] sinus

A

superior sagittal

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69
Q

true space that contains CSF, arteries of Circle of Willis, and veins

A

subarachnoid space

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70
Q

potential space between cranium and periosteal dura

A

epidural

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71
Q

potential space between dura and arachnoid

A

subdural

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72
Q

fracture of middle meningeal artery at pterion would result in […] hematoma

A

epidural

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73
Q

lens shaped deficit on CT imaging

A

epidural hematoma

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74
Q

crescent shaped deficit on CT imaging

A

subdural hematoma

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75
Q

blood leaking into ventricles on CT imaging

A

subarachnoid hematoma

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76
Q

falls or lumbar punctures can tear the […] causing a subdural hematoma

A

cerebral veins

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77
Q

a subarachnoid hematoma results from tearing what vessels?

A

vessels in circle of willis

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78
Q

what structures run through the parotid gland? [3]

A

CN 7 (facial)
retromandibular vein
external carotid artery

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79
Q

a tumor of the parotid gland can cause

A

facial paralysis (compression of CN 7)

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80
Q

muscle going around eye

A

orbicularis oculi

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81
Q

muscle going around mouth

A

orbicularis oris

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82
Q

what muscle keeps the cheeks taut when chewing so food doesn’t fall out?

A

buccinator

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83
Q

muscle that helps you smile

A

zygomaticus major

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84
Q

muscle that helps you frown

A

compressor anguli oris

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85
Q

muscles of mastication [2]

A

masseter
temporalis

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86
Q

branches of external carotid artery in face [3]

A

facial
superficial temporal
transverse facial

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87
Q

branches of internal carotid artery [2]

A

supraorbital
supratrochlear

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88
Q

facial artery terminates as

A

angular artery (at the eye)

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89
Q

what branches of facial a. supply the lips?

A

superior and inferior labial (anastomose with each other)

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90
Q

artery that lies anterior to the ear, enabling you to take a pulse there

A

superficial temporal

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91
Q

superficial temporal a. anastomoses with

A

supraorbital

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92
Q

facial a. anastomoses with

A

supratrochlear a.

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93
Q

exits the skull via the internal acoustic meatus
runs in facial canal
exits via stylomastoid foramen

A

facial nerve CN7

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94
Q

provides motor innervation to muscles of facial expression

A

CN 7 facial

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95
Q

provides parasympathetic innervation to lacrimal, nasal, and palatine glands
and submandibular/sublingual salivary glands

A

CN 7 facial

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96
Q

provides taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

CN 7 facial via chorda tympani

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97
Q

provides sensation to external acoustic meatus

A

CN 7 facial

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98
Q

provides motor innervation to muscles of mastication

A

CN V3- mandibular

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99
Q

passes through the cavernous sinus and enters the orbit via the superior orbital fissure

A

V1-ophthalmic

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100
Q

passes through the cavernous sinus and exits the skull via foramen rotundum

A

V2 maxillary

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101
Q

exits the skull via the foramen ovale

A

V3 mandibular

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102
Q

provides sensation from cornea, skin of forehead, scalp, upper eyelid, and part of nasal cavity

A

V1 ophthalmic

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103
Q

provides sensation from the skin of face, lower eyelid, cheek, upper lid, maxillary teeth, mucosa of nose, maxillary sinus

A

V2 maxillary

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104
Q

sensation from skin of mandible, lower lip, side of head, mandibular teeth, TMJ joint, anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

V3 mandibular

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105
Q

4 paranasal sinuses

A

frontal
ethmoid
sphenoid
maxillary

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106
Q

all of the sinuses are innervated by

A

CN 5

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107
Q

inflammation of the mucous membranes of paranasal sinuses

A

sinusitis

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108
Q

maxillary and frontal sinuses develop first followed by

A

ethmoid, sphenoid

109
Q

why is it unlikely for a young child to have sinusitis?

A

sinuses develop later in life

110
Q

provides blood supply to frontal sinus

A

anterior ethmoid a.

111
Q

aperture of the frontal sinus

A

frontonasal duct into middle meatus

112
Q

nerve that supplies the frontal sinus

A

supraorbital via V1

113
Q

structures superior to the sphenoid

A

hypophyseal fossa (pituitary)
optic chiasm

114
Q

provides blood supply to sphenoid sinus

A

pharyngeal arteries from maxillary

115
Q

nerves that supply the sphenoid sinus [2]

A

posterior ethmoid via V1
orbital branches via V2

116
Q

first sinus to develop

A

maxillary

117
Q

aperture of maxillary sinus

A

middle meatus

118
Q

nerves that supply maxillary sinus

A

infraorbital and alveolar branches of V2

119
Q

provides blood supply to maxillary sinus

A

infraorbital and superior alveolar a. from maxillary

120
Q

apertures of ethmoid sinus [3]

A

middle meatus
ethmoid bulla
superior meatus

121
Q

chronic bacterial infections in the ethmoid air cells can erode into the

A

orbit

122
Q

provides blood supply to ethmoid

A

anterior and posterior ethmoid

123
Q

nerve that supplies ethmoid

A

anterior and posterior ethmoids via V1 and nasal branches from V2

124
Q

if bacterial rhinosinusitis goes into the cranial fossa, it can cause

A

intracranial abscess
meningitis

125
Q

if a bacterial infection breeches the sphenoid laterally it can cause

A

septic carvernous sinus thrombosis

(cranial nerve palsies with or without fever)

126
Q

posterior ethmoid air cells open into the […] meatus

A

superior

127
Q

the middle ethmoid air cells open into the […]

A

ethmoid bulla of middle meatus

128
Q

the frontal sinus, anterior ethmoid sinus, and maxillary sinus open into the

A

semilunar hiatus

129
Q

the nasolacrimal duct opens into the […] meatus

A

inferior

130
Q

why do we get so much maxillary sinus pain during sinusitis?

A

opening to maxillary sinus is superior –> hard for mucus to drain

131
Q

nasal mucosa become swollen/inflamed during URTIs or allergic reactions

A

rhinitis

132
Q

what is this image showing?

A

septal deviation

133
Q

brings a lot of blood from the maxillary artery causing posterior nosebleeds

A

sphenopalatine a.

134
Q

anastomosis in anterior nasal cavity prone to anterior nosebleeds

A

Kesselbachs

135
Q

veins originating from the maxillary drain to

A

pterygoid plexus

136
Q

veins originating from ophthalmic drain to

A

cavernous sinus

137
Q

veins originating from facial drain into

A

facial v.

138
Q

what is the significance of the triangle of danger?

A

consists of superior ophthalmic vein, facial vein, pterygoid plexus, and cavernous sinus

an infection in this area will go straight to the cavernous sinus

139
Q

major nerve that innervates the nasal septum

A

nasal palatine

140
Q

what layer of the scalp contains sweat/sebaceous glands and hair follicles?

A

skin

141
Q

what layer of the scalp is richly vascularized and contains the cutaneous nerves?

A

dense connective tissue

142
Q

broad, strong tendinous sheath that covers the calvaria and serves as the attachment site for the occipitofrontalis muscle

A

aponeurosis

143
Q

sponge-like layer of scalp including potential spaces that can distend with fluid as a result of injury or infections

A

loose connective tissue

144
Q

forms the external periosteum of the neurocranium

A

pericranium

145
Q

[…] and […] pass through the foramen ovale

A

mandibular division of trigeminal
accessory meningeal artery

146
Q

what cranial nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure?

A

3, occulomotor
4, trochlear
V1, ophthalmic
6, abducens

147
Q

opthalmic veins pass through the […] fissure

A

superior orbital

148
Q

what nerves pass through the internal acoustic meatus? [2]

A

facial nerve CN7
vestibulocochlear CN 8

149
Q

the spinal accessory will enter the skull through […] and exit through […]

A

enter via foramen magnum
exit via jugular foramen

150
Q

what nerves exit via the jugular foramen? [3]

A

CN 9 glossopharyngeal
CN 10 vagus
CN 11 spinal accessory

151
Q

the mandibular division of trigeminal and the accessory meningeal artery travel through

A

foramen ovale

152
Q

pterion is formed by the fusion of [4]

A

frontal
parietal
temporal
sphenoid

153
Q

fusion of the anterior fontanelle will form […] between the front and parietal bones

A

bregma

154
Q

fusion of the posterior fontanelle will form […] between the occipital and parietal bones

A

lambda

155
Q

what artery lies in the cavernous sinus?

A

internal carotid

156
Q

the posterior aspect of tentorium cerebelli is innervated by

A

ophthalmic division of trigeminal

157
Q

[…] innervates a portion of the dura in the anterior cranial fossa and part of the anterior wall of the middle cranial fossa

A

CN V2-maxillary

158
Q

[…] innervates dura on the lateral wall of the anterior cranial fossa and middle cranial fossa

A

mandibular

159
Q

[…] will innervate the dura of the posterior cranial fossa

A

C1 and C2 carried by hypoglossal or vagus

160
Q

space that contains CSF and the circle of Willis

A

subarachnoid

161
Q

rupture of the middle meningeal artery will cause bleeding in the […] space

A

epidural

162
Q

rupture of the arteries of the Circle of Willis will bleed into the […] space

A

subarachnoid

163
Q

rupture of the cerebral veins will cause bleeding in the […] space

A

subdural

164
Q

structures that can be damaged when removing parotid gland tumors [3]

A

facial nerve
retromandibular vein
external carotid artery

165
Q

supplies the anterior 2/3 of the tongue with general sensation

A

lingual (from trigeminal)

166
Q

supplies anterior 2/3 of tongue with taste

A

chorda tympani (from facial CN 7)

167
Q

frontal sinus drains into the […] meatus via the frontonasal duct

A

middle meatus

168
Q

the sphenoid sinus drains into the

A

sphenoethmoid recess

169
Q

the maxillary sinus will drain into the […] meatus

A

middle

170
Q

the anterior ethmoid air cells will drain into the […] meatus

A

middle

171
Q

the middle ethmoid air cells will drain into the […] meatus

A

middle

172
Q

the posterior ethmoid air cells will drain into the […] meatus

A

superior

173
Q

the roof of the sphenoid is located inferior to the

A

hypophyseal fossa and pituitary gland

174
Q

erosion of the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus will lead to the

A

cavernous sinus

175
Q

the […] sinus is located inferior to the orbit and superior to the molar teeth

A

maxillary

176
Q

the maxillary sinus is located inferior to […] and superior to […]

A

orbit
molar teeth

177
Q

nasolacrimal duct drains into the […] meatus

A

inferior

178
Q

the lateral nasal branches supply the

A

lateral walls of the nasal cavity

179
Q

infection from the nasal cavity can spread to […] sinus

A

cavernous

180
Q

the nose can drain via the […] into the cavernous sinus

A

pterygoid plexus

181
Q

the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins drain into the

A

cavernous sinus

182
Q

why does the scalp bleed so profusely?

A

the dense connective tissue holds the lumen of the arteries open

183
Q

why is a circular dressing used for head wounds?

A

blood vessels run inferior to superior

compresses both inferior and superior

184
Q

how can a head wound cause black eyes?

A

the fascial sheet is continuous from forehead to zygomatic arch, so bleeding in the loose connective tissue will allow it to pool in the periorbital area

185
Q

when would a head wound require stitches?

A

if it goes through to aponeurosis it will gape, requiring closure

186
Q

why is infection a primary concern of a head wound?

A

infection can spread from loose connective tissue via emissary veins into dural venous sinuses

**can cause thrombosis, meningitis

187
Q

the nerves of the head run what direction?

A

inferior to superior

**important to facial surgery, will use U shaped flaps to preserve the neurovascular structures

188
Q

what two nerves run in the internal acoustic meatus?

A

facial nerve- CN7
vestibulocochlear- CN 8

189
Q

weakness or paralysis of ipsilateral muscles of facial expression indicates lesion in

A

facial CN 7

**issues smiling, puckering lips, closing one eye lid

190
Q

supplies taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

facial CN 7 via chorda tympani

191
Q

supplies general sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

lingual via trigeminal (V3)

192
Q

reduced/lack of tear production indicates a lesion in

A

facial CN7

193
Q

provides parasympthetic innervation to sublingual and submandibular glands

A

facial CN 7 via chora tympani

194
Q

tinnitus/ringing/hearing loss in ears indicates lesion in

A

vestibulocochlear- CN 8

195
Q

vertigo/dizziness/nausea and vomiting can indicate a lesion in

A

vestibulocochlear- CN 8

196
Q

the parasympathetic innervation of CN 7 (facial) travels via […] to the lacrimal gland

A

greater petrosal

197
Q

hyperacoutistic sound may indicate a lesion to

A

CN7-facial to stapedius

198
Q

CN7 branches through the geniculate ganglion and runs downs the [….] to supply sensory and motor innervation to the face

A

facial canal

199
Q

a lesion in CN 7 at the facial canal would leave what functions unaffected?

A

tear production
maybe stapedius

200
Q

lens shaped deficit on CT

A

epidural hematoma

201
Q

what vessel is the source of the bleed in epidural hematoma?

A

middle meningeal a.

202
Q

what foramen does the middle meningeal a. run through?

A

foramen spinosum

**middle cranial cavity

203
Q

between the skull and the periosteal layer of the dura

A

epidural space

204
Q

a blow to the side of the head can damage what structure?

A

pterion

205
Q

what bones fuse to form pterion?

A

frontal
parietal
temporal
sphenoid

206
Q

cresent shaped deficit on CT

A

subdural hematoma

207
Q

what vessel is the source of the bleed in subdural hematoma?

A

cerebral veins

208
Q

what space do subarachnoid hematomas form in?

A

subarachnoid

209
Q

subarachnoid space contains

A

CSF

210
Q

what vessel lies in close approximation to pterion?

A

middle meningeal a.

211
Q

what can cause teeth pain in maxillary sinus infection?

A

pain travels maxillary nerve–>infraorbital nerve –> middle superior alveolar and anterior superior alveolar nerves

212
Q

what is superior to the maxillary sinus?

A

orbital floor

213
Q

what is inferior to the maxillary sinus?

A

teeth/oral cavity

214
Q

where is the aperture of the maxillary sinus?

A

semilunar hiatus of the middle meatus

215
Q

when you cry, why does your nose run?

A

tears run from lacrimal duct to inferior meatus out nose

216
Q

what 5 arteries make up Kesselbach’s plexus?

A

sphenal palantine
greater palantine
anterior ethmoidal
posterior ethmoidal
septal branch from labial

217
Q

what causes spurting of blood from the nose in a anterior nose bleed?

A

Kesselbachs plexus

218
Q

what artery causes a posterior nose bleed?

A

sphenopalantine

**usually needs to be ligated

219
Q

what causes obstruction of the nasal airway? [2]

A

septal deviation
cartilage/nasal bone displacement

220
Q

if a nasal fracture extends into the cranium, what happens?

A

CSF rhinorrhea

221
Q

what nerve goes through the cribiform plate?

A

olfactory

222
Q

halo or target sign indicates

A

CSF mixed with blood

223
Q

symptoms of septic cavernous thrombosis

A

orbital edema and swelling
CN palsies effecting eye pattern
fever
AMS

224
Q

how does infection spread to the cavernous sinus?

A

ophthalmic vein –> cavernous sinus
facial vein –> pterygoid plexus of veins –> cavernous sinus

due to valveless veins in this area

225
Q

loss of abducens nerve may be an indication of aneurysm in

A

internal carotid artery

**run in close proximity

226
Q

large opening that connects posterior cranial fossa with the exterior base of the skull

A

jugular foramen

227
Q

what three nerves lie in the interior jugular foramen?

A

glossopharyngeal IX
vagus X
spinal accesory XI

228
Q

the posterior compartment of the jugular foramen contains the

A

internal jugular vein

229
Q

originates at the terminal end of the sigmoid dural sinus

A

internal jugular

230
Q

connects the middle cranial fossa with the exterior base of the skull

A

foramen ovale

231
Q

transmits the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve and small accessory meningeal artery

A

foramen ovale

232
Q

conveys the middle meningeal artery from the infratemporal fossa into the cranium

A

foramen spinosum

233
Q

large opening that connect the floor of the middle cranial fossa with the exterior base of the skull

A

foramen lacerum

234
Q

transmits the greater petrosal nerve to the pterygoid canal

A

foramen lacerum

235
Q

large, oblique passage running through the base of the skull

A

carotid canal

236
Q

the carotid canal merges with the […] to bring the internal carotid to the sella tursica

A

foramen lacerum

237
Q

identify A-E

A

A. foramen ovale
B. foramen spinosum
C. foramen lacerum
D. carotid canal
E. jugular foramen

238
Q

supplies general sensation to the skin of the lower lip, chin, cheek, anterior auricle, and lateral scalp

A

mandibular division of trigeminal V3

239
Q

supplies innervation to the mandibular teeth and gingivae via the inferior alveolar nerve

A

mandibular division of tigeminal V3

240
Q

supplies sensory to skin of upper eyelid, anterior aspect of the nose, forehead, and anterior scalp

A

opthalmic division of trigeminal V1

241
Q

supplies sensory to the skin of the lower eyelid, cheek, upper lips, upper dentition/gingivae, maxillary sinus, and lateral nose

A

maxillary division of trigeminal V2

242
Q

supplies motor to the buccinator muscle and muscles of upper lip

A

buccal branch of facial n.

no sensory

243
Q

supplies motor to the muscles of the lower lip/chin

A

marginal mandibular of facial n.

no sensory

244
Q

most likely layer for shear injury of scalp

A

loose connective tissue

245
Q

external scalp layer containing sweat/sebaceous glands and hair follicles

A

skin

246
Q

layer of scalp that is richly vascularized and contains cutaneous nerves

A

dense connective tissue

247
Q

layer of scalp that is a broad tendinous sheath covering the calvaria
serves as an attachment for muscle bellies of occipitofrontalis

A

aponeurosis

248
Q

sponge-like layer of the scalp that includes potential spaces that may distend as the result of injury/infection

A

loose connective tissue

249
Q

opens into the superior nasal meatus

A

posterior ethmoidal sinus

250
Q

open into the semilunar hiatus in the middle meatus [3]

A

maxillary
frontal
anterior ethmoid

251
Q

drain into the ethmoid bulla in the middle nasal meatus

A

middle ethmoidal

252
Q

rupture of the […] causes epidural hemorrhage

A

middle meningeal

253
Q

rupture of […] causes subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

circle of willis arteries

254
Q

rupture of […] causes subdural hematoma

A

cerebral veins

255
Q

cranial dural sinuses normally contain

A

venous blood

256
Q

parallels the course of the internal carotid within the cavernous sinus

A

abduces CN6

257
Q

most likely to be damaged as a result of internal carotid aneurysm in the cavernous sinus

A

CN 6 abducens nerve

258
Q

lies in the hypophyseal fossa of the sella tursica of the sphenoid

A

pituitary gland

259
Q

lies immediately posterior and superior to the sphenoid sinus

A

pituitary gland

260
Q

lies in the maxilla lateral to the wall of the nasal cavity

A

maxillary sinus

261
Q

sinus that lies between the orbit and nasal cavity

A

ethmoid air cells

262
Q

pain from an anterior nosebleed would be sensed by

A

nasopalatine n
septal branch of ethmoidal

263
Q

innervate the lateral walls of the nasal cavity [2]

A

anterior ethmoid
lateral nasal nerves

264
Q

vessels that form Kiesselback plexus

A

anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries
sphenopalatine artery
greater palatine artery
septal branch of superior labial

265
Q

ipsilateral paralysis of the face (bells palsy) indicates at lesion where?

A

internal acoustic meatus (facial n.)

266
Q

a lesion in the facial nerve at the level of the facial canal would result in

A

ipsilateral facial paralysis
decreased saliva from submandibular and sublingual glands
lack of taste on ipsilateral 2/3 of anterior tongue
hyperacusis d/t lack of stapedius
decreased sensation to ear

267
Q

a lesion in facial nerve at the parotid gland would result in

A

ipsilateral facial paralysis

268
Q

a lesion in facial nerve at the stylomastoid foramen would result in

A

ipsilateral facial paralysis
reduced sensation to ear

269
Q

nerves that pass through the superior orbital fissure [4]

A

oculomotor III
trochlear IV
V1 opthalmic
abducent VI

M&M Test 3 (16 decks)

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