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BMB Test 4 > B7-072 Psychosis/Schizophrenia > Flashcards

B7-072 Psychosis/Schizophrenia Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

a severe mental disorder in which the patient has lost contact with external reality

A

psychosis

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2
Q

positive symptoms of psychosis [4]

A

delusions
hallucinations
disorganized thinking
abnormal behavior

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3
Q

negative symptoms of psychosis [2]

A

diminished emotional expression
avolitional (lack of motivation)

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4
Q

all symptoms of psychosis are caused by abnormal […] processes

A

cognitive

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5
Q

fixed belief that’s not changeable despite conflicting evidence

A

delusion

(can be bizarre or not bizzare)

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6
Q

perceptual experiences without external stimulus

any sensory modality, but auditory is most common

A

hallucinations

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7
Q

thought disorder inferred from patients speech

loose associations, tangents, incoherence

A

disorganized thinking

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8
Q

thought disorder that affects relationships and associations among words used to express thought

thoughts may be unrelated, blocking thoughts

A

formal thought disorder

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9
Q

thought disorder that involves the development of delusions

A

disorder of thought content

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10
Q

many manifestations ranging from childlike behaviors to difficulty with goal-directed behaviors or catatonia

A

disorganized behavior

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11
Q

negativism, bizarre posture, mutism, and excessive motor activity are all examples of

A

disorganized behavior

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12
Q

schizophrenic diagnostic criteria must include at least 1 of the following [3]

A

delusions
hallucinations
disorganized speech

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13
Q

active phase of schizophrenia requires […] or more symptoms present for a significant period of time during a […] month period

A

active phase of schizophrenia requires [2] or more symptoms present for a significant period of time during a [1] month period

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14
Q

schizophrenia diagnosis requires signs of disturbance for […], with at least one month of active phase symptoms

A

6 months

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15
Q

if the patient is having symptoms of schizophrenia for less than 6 months, do they meet diagnostic criteria?

A

no

may meet criteria for schizophreniform disorder though

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16
Q

schizophrenia technically meets the same criteria as […]

A

dementia

“dementia praecox”

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17
Q

what features help distinguish schizophrenia from other dementias

A

young age of onset
positive symptoms
normal elementary neuro exam
clear sensorium
no obvious pathology

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18
Q

is there a genetic component to schizophrenia?

A

yes,
higher risk for family members with schizophrenia

but most cases are sporadic

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19
Q

describe the course of schizophrenia

A

25% full remission
25% mild residual symptoms
50% moderate to severe symptoms

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20
Q

associated with altered dopaminergic activity, increased serotonin activity, and decreased dendrite branching

A

schizophrenia

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21
Q

cause of schizophrenia

A

genetic predisposition + triggering environmental event

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22
Q

cluster A personality disorder that also falls on the schizophrenia spectrum

A

schizotypal personality disorder

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23
Q

may include brief psychotic episodes that are less frequent and severe than schizophrenia

“schizophrenia lite”

A

schizotypal personality disorder

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24
Q

one or more delusions lasting more than one month

without a mood disorder or other psychotic symptoms

A

delusional disoder

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25
daily functioning may be impacted by the pathological, fixed belief **but is otherwise unaffected**
delusional disorder
26
erotomanic (believes a specific person loves them) grandiose persecutory jealous somatic are all types of [...] disoder
delusional disorder
27
one or more positive symptoms lasting between 1 day and 1 month usually stress related
brief psychotic disorder
28
two or more symptoms lasting 1-6 months expectation is they will return to full level of functioning
schizophreniform disorder
29
shares symptoms with both schizophrenia and MDD or bipolar disorder
schizoaffective disorder
30
patient must have two or more weeks of psychotic symptoms without a manic or depressive episode
schizoaffective disorder (differentiates this from MDD with pyschosis)
31
antagonizing the effects of dopamine in the basal ganglia and limbic system
antipsychotics
32
[first or second gen antipsychotics] D2 antagonist
first
33
[first or second gen antipsychotics] more worsening negative symptoms
first
34
[first or second gen antipsychotics] more parkinsonism
first
35
[first or second gen antipsychotics] more hyperkinetic complications
first
36
[first or second gen antipsychotics] D2 and 5-HT anatagonist
second
37
[first or second gen antipsychotics] less worsening of negative symptoms
second
38
[first or second gen antipsychotics] less parkinsonism/hyperkinetic complications
second
39
[first or second gen antipsychotics] metabolic syndromes
second
40
first generation antipsychotics [4]
haloperidol chlorpromazine fluphenazine thioridazine
41
second generation antipsychotics [4]
risperidone ziprasidone quetiapine olanzapine
42
[...] formulations of antipsychotics can help improve compliance
depot **fluphenazine**
43
DOC in treatment resistant schizophrenia
clozapine (more effective than other antipsychotics)
44
causes agranulocytosis
clozapine
45
atypical antipsychotic with complex receptor affinity
clozapine
46
interaction with [...] induces P450 to metabolize clozapine
nicotine ( alot of patients with schizophrenia smoke)
47
partial D2 agonist 5 HT antagonist
aripiprazole
48
major complication of second generation antipsychotics
metabolic syndrome
49
postural tremor greater than resting tremor
drug-induced Parkinsonism
50
[...] antagonists can cause drug-induced Parkinsonism
dopamine (more likely to be 1st gen)
51
drug-induced Parkinsonism is reversible in [...] months
6
52
severe onset of akinetic rigid syndrome
malignant neuroleptic syndrome
53
symptoms of malignant neuroleptic syndrome
Myoglobinuria Fever Encephalopathy Vitals unstable Enzymes (CK high) Rigidity Malignant FEVER
54
treatment of malignant neuroleptic syndrome
dantrolene bromocriptine (may worse psychosis) d/c causative agent
55
most common EPS with neuroleptic drugs
tardive dyskinesia
56
involuntary movements of the lip, mouth, tongue, jaw, extremities, trunk
tardive dyskinesia
57
"bon bon" sign
tardive dyskinesia (pushing tongue against cheek, looks like candy in cheek)
58
[...] patients have an increased risk of developing tardive dyskinesia early in treatment
older
59
oromandibular dystonia
type of tardive dyskinesia
60
enhance access to treatment, encourage medication adherence, maintain finances and housing, healthy living, etc
supportive psychotherapy
61
teach the person how to deal with their thoughts and behaviours
individual psychotherapy
62
help the person change their thinking and behaviour
CBT
63
loose, unrelated associations among thoughts and speech demonstrates
thought abnormalities
64
decreased range of expressive affect
affective blunting
65
fixed, false beliefs that are maintained in the absence of supporting information
delusions
66
perceptions of stimuli that are not present in the environment
hallcination
67
typical antipsychotics are also known as
first generation antipsychotics
68
atypical antipsychotics are also known as
second generation antipsychotics
69
what substance is most commonly abused in schizophrenic patients?
nicotine
70
the primary advantage of atypical antipsychotics is
reduction of EPS
71
[...] antipsychotics modulate serotonin and dopamine to help with psychosis
atypical antipsychotics
72
[...] antipsychotics modulate dopamine to help with psychosis
typical antipsychotics
73
long acting injectable antipsychotics
depot
74
neurotransmitter that is primarily implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and psychosis
dopamine
75
neurotransmitter implicated in mood disorders
norepinephrine
76
stimulant abuse can cause acute
psychosis (due to dopamine agonist activity)
77
thought blocking is a [...] symptom of schizophrenia
negative
78
what type of hallucinations are atypical of schizophrenia?
olfactory (presence may suggest separate process)
79
increases the risk of seizure
clozapine
80
which medications are well suited for rapid control of motor overactivity, hostility, and aggressive outbursts?
first and second gen antipsychotics (haloperidol)
81
tremor, slurred speech, akathisia, dystonia, anxiety, bradyphrenia, and paranoid are all what type of side effects?
EPS
82
life threatening syndrome associated with use of dopamine receptor antagonists
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
83
AMS, fever, muscle rigidity, and autonomic instability are symptoms of [...] syndrome
neuroleptic malignant`
84
infestation delusions can be treated with
typical antipsychotics (haloperidol, fluphenazine)
85
psychotic symptoms in DRPLA can be treated with
typical antipsychotics (haloperidol, fluphenazine) | atrophic brain disease that worsens overtime
86
smoking induces the activity of
CYP1A (reduces bioavailability of clozapine)
87
antipsychotic known to be effective in reducing suicidal feelings in schizophrenia
clozapine
88
[...] receptors impact sensitivity to leptin, driving hunger
5-HT2

BMB Test 4 (14 decks)

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