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Physiology > B8 L1 > Flashcards

B8 L1 Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

Endocrine System

A

maintains homeostasis

longer period to take effect

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2
Q

Autocrine

A

hormone affecting secreting cell

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3
Q

Paracrine

A

hormone affecting nearby cells

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4
Q

Endocrine

A

hormone affecting distant cells through blood stream

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5
Q

Peptide and Protein Hormones

A

from endocrine cells and stored in secretory vesicles until needed
secreted in response to stimulus

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6
Q

Thyrotropin releasing Hormone

TRH

A

from hypothalamus

stim secretion of TSH and prolactin

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7
Q

Corticotropin releasing Hormone

CRH

A

from hypothalamus

stim secretion of ACTH

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8
Q

Gonadotropin releasing Hormone

GnRH

A

from hypothalamus

stim secretion of LH and FSH

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9
Q

Somatostatin

A

from hypothalamus

inhibits secretion of growth hormone

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10
Q

Growth hormone releasing Hormone

GHRH

A

from hypothalamus

stim secretion of growth hormone

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11
Q

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

TSH

A

from anterior pituitary

stim synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones

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12
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

FSH

A

from anterior pituitary

stim sperm matuaration in testes and estrogen synthesis in ovaries

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13
Q

Luteinizing Hormone

LH

A

from anterior pituitary

stim testosterone synthesis in testes; stim ovulation; form corpus luteum and estrogen and progesterone in ovaries

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14
Q

Growth Hormone

A

from anterior pituitary

stim protein synthesis and overall growth

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15
Q

Prolactin

A

from anterior pituitary

stim milk production and secretion in breasts

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16
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

ACTH

A

from anterior pituitary

stim synthesis and secretion of adrenal cortical hormones

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17
Q

Oxytocin

A

from posterior pituitary

stim milk ejection and uterine contractions

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18
Q

Vasopressin/ ADH

A

from posterior pituitary

stim water reabsorption in collecting ducts and constriction of arterioles

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19
Q

Calcitonin

A

from thyroid

decreases serum Ca

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20
Q

Parathyroid Hormone

PTH

A

from parathyroid

increases serum Ca

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21
Q

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

HCG

A

from placenta

stim estrogen and progesterone synthesis in corpus luteum

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22
Q

Human Placental Lactogen

HPL

A

from placenta

has growth hormone-like and prolactin-like actions during pregnancy

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23
Q

Insulin

A 
from pancreas (B cells)
decrease blood glucose
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24
Q

Glucagon

A 
from pancreas (a cells)
increases blood glucose
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25
Renin
from kidney | catalyzes conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1
26
Steroid Hormones
cholesterol derivates bind intracellular receptors initiate transcription and translation slowest to act
27
Cortisol
from adrenal cortex | stim gluconeogensis; suppresses immune response; enhances vascular responsiveness to catecholamines
28
Aldosterone
from adrenal cortex | increases renal N reabsorption, K and H secretion
29
Dehydroepiandosterone | DHEA
from adrenal cortex | similar to testosterone
30
Testosterone
from testes | stim spermatogenesis and male secondary sex characteristics
31
Estradiol
from ovaries stim growth and dvlpment of female reproductive system menstrual cycle, dvlpment of breasts, prolactin secretion, maintain pregnancy
32
Progesterone
from ovaries stim luteal phase of menstrual cycle maintains pregnancy
33
1,25- Dihydroxycholecalciferol
from kidney increases intestinal absorption of Ca bone mineralization
34
Amine Hormones
produced by metabolism of tyrosine | needs cell surface receptor to effect
35
Thyroid Hormone
part of amine hormones signals like steroids binds intracellularly
36
Dopamine
from hypothalamus | inhibits secretion of prolactin
37
T3 and T4
from thyroid | stim skeletal growth; O consumption; heat production; protein, fat, carb utilization; maturation of CNS
38
Norepinephrine/ Epinephrine
from adrenal medulla | SNS function
39
Affinity
how well receptor binds to hormone
40
High affinity
response at lower hormone concentration
41
Low affinity
response only at high hormone concentration
42
Receptor Number
number of available receptors | less receptors, less response
43
Axis of Hormones
TRH causes release of TSH which causes release of T3/T4 TSH inhibits TRH T3/T4 inhibits TSH and TRH
44
Only type of positive feedback
ovulation
45
Hypothalamus
connects nervous system to endocrine system
46
Posterior Pituitary
axons and nerve endings of neurons in hypothalamus | does not directly make hormones
47
Anterior Pituitary
glandular tissue | makes and release hormones
48
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis
adrenals make cortisol
49
Hypothalamic Pituitary Thyroid Axis
Thyroid makes T3/ T4
50
Hypothalamic Pituitary Gonad Axis
gonads make sex hormones
51
TRH is a....
Peptide hormone
52
CRH is a....
Peptide hormone
53
GnRH is a....
Peptide hormone
54
Somatostatin is a....
Peptide hormone
55
GHRH is a....
Peptide hormone
56
TSH is a....
Peptide hormone
57
FSH is a....
Peptide hormone
58
LH is a....
Peptide hormone
59
Growth Hormone is a....
Peptide hormone
60
Prolactin is a....
Peptide hormone
61
ACTH is a....
Peptide hormone
62
Oxytocin is a....
Peptide hormone
63
Vasopressin/ ADH is a....
Peptide hormone
64
Calcitonin is a....
Peptide hormone
65
PTH is a....
Peptide hormone
66
HCG is a....
Peptide hormone
67
HPL is a...
Peptide hormone
68
Insulin is a....
Peptide hormone
69
Glucagon is a....
Peptide hormone
70
Renin is a....
Peptide hormone
71
Cortisol is a....
Steroid Hormone
72
Aldosterone is a....
Steroid Hormone
73
DHEA is a....
Steroid Hormone
74
Testosterone is a....
Steroid Hormone
75
Estradiol is a....
Steroid Hormone
76
Progesterone is a....
Steroid Hormone
77
1,25- Dihydroxycholecalciferol is a...
Steroid Hormone
78
Dopamine is a....
Amine Hormone
79
T3/ T4 is a...
Amine Hormone
80
Norepinephrine/ Epinephrine is a....
Amine Hormone
81
Primary Dysfunction
secreting gland malfunctioned; rest is normal
82
Secondary Dysfunction
pituitary malfunctioned; rest normal
83
Tertiary Dysfunction
hypothalamus malfunctioned; rest normal

Physiology (17 decks)

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