Back Arthrology

Question 1

Synovial Joint

Answer 1

Diarthrosis
Planar
Ginglymus
Trochoid
Condyloid
Sellar
Spheroidal
Compound

Question 2

Planar Joint

Answer 2

Synovial
Arthroidal joint
Acromioclavicular Joint
Sliding/gliding movements

Question 3

Ginglymus joint

Answer 3

Synovial
Hinge
Elbow
Flexion/extension

Question 4

Trochoid joint

Answer 4

Synovial
Pivot
Atlantoaxial joint
Lateral rotation

Question 5

Condyloid joint

Answer 5

Synovial
Metacarpophalangeal Joint
Flexion, extension, ADduction, ABduction, circumduction

Question 6

Sellar joint

Answer 6

Saddle
Carpometacarpal joint
False circumduction without rotation

Question 7

Spheroidal joint

Answer 7

Ball-and-socket
All movements
Shoulder, hip

Question 8

Compound synovial

Answer 8

2 or more combined synovial joints

Question 9

What do all synovial joints contain?

Answer 9

Synovial fluid
Both bones coming together have hyaline cartilage
Joint capsule and inner synovial membrane

Question 10

Fibrous joint

Answer 10

Synarthrosis 
Sutures
Schindylesis
Gomphosis
Syndesmosis

Question 11

Sutures

Answer 11

Fibrous joint
Interlocked bone separated by fibrous CT
Serrated: interlocking bone with jagged edge
Squamous: two beveled surfaces
Planar: two blunt edges joined by fibrous CT

Question 12

Schindylesis

Answer 12

Fibrous joint

Tongue-in-groove

Question 13

Gomphosis

Answer 13

Fibrous joint
Peg-in-socket
Teeth in your gums

Question 14

Syndesmosis

Answer 14

Fibrous joint
Two bones separated by a fibrous membrane
Ulna and radius

Question 15

Cartilaginous joint

Answer 15

Amphiarthrosis
Primary: Synchondrosis
Secondary: symphysis

Question 16

Synchondrosis

Answer 16

Primary cartilaginous joint

Temporary joining of hyaline cartilage, usually between the diaphysis and epiphysis of growing bone

Question 17

Symphisis

Answer 17

Cartilaginous joint

Strong, slightly moveable joints united by fibrocartilage

Question 18

Compound joint

Answer 18

Combination of any one of the major 3 classes of joints
Radioulnar joint (fibrous and pivot joints)

Question 19

C1/C2 joint

Answer 19

Compound synovial

Trochoid and planar synovial

Question 20

Intervertebral joints

Answer 20

C3-S1

Symphysis

Question 21

S5/Coccyx 1 joint

Answer 21

Symphysis

Question 22

Zygopophyseal joint

Answer 22

C1-S1

Planar synovial

Question 23

Joint of Luschka

Answer 23

Joint between the uncinate process of the inferior vertebra and beveled inferior surface of the superior vertebra in cervical vertebra

Question 24

Anterior Longitudinal L.

Answer 24

Lines the anterior surface of the vertebral bodies

Question 25

Posterior Longitudinal L.

Answer 25

Lines the posterior/dorsal portion of the vertebral bodies

Question 26

Ligamentum Flavum

Answer 26

Pale yellow fibers that travel on the ventral surfaces of ventral laminae

Question 27

Interspinous L.

Answer 27

Travel between adjacent spinous processes of vertebrae

Question 28

Intratransverse L.

Answer 28

Travels between transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae

Question 29

Supraspinous L.

Answer 29

Travels on the posterior/dorsal surface of the spinous processes Continued as ligamentum nuchae in the cervical region

Question 30

Intervertebral discs

Answer 30

Annulus fibrosis: tough fibrous outer part of discs | Nucleus pulposus: soft, gelatinous inner part of discs

Question 31

Herniation of discs

Answer 31

Usually occurs posterolaterally because of the anterior and posterior longitudinal L. Placement L4/L5 or L5/S1 Resultant bulge compress spinal nerves

Question 32

Second number rule

Answer 32

If an injury occurs to the cervical and lumbar regions of the spinal cord, the vertebral level at which the prolapse occurred will affect the spinal nerve of the second affected vertebra Injury at C4/C5, C5 spinal nerve is affected L4/L5, L5 spinal nerve is affected

Question 33

Atlantooccipital Joint

Answer 33

Between Atlas and occipital B. Anterior atlantoocipital membrane: from anterior longitudinal L.; from anterior arch of Atlas to the basilar occipital B. Tectorial membrane: from posterior longitudinal L.; from the posterior surface of the body of the axis to the anterior internal margin of the foramen magnum Posterior atlantoocipital membrane: from ligamentum flavum; from the anterior surface of the posterior arch of the Atlas to the posterior internal margin of the foremen magnum

Question 34

Median Atlantoaxial Joint

Answer 34

``` Between Atlas (C1) and Axis (C2) Trochoid synovial joint ```

Question 35

Cruciate L.

Answer 35

Superior longitudinal band: from transverse L. To occipital B. Transverse L: from tubercle of transverse L. around the odontoid process and to the contralateral tubercle of transverse L. Inferior Longitudinal L.: From transverse L. To Axis

Question 36

Alar L.

Answer 36

From odontoid process of axis to the lateral margins of the foramen magnum

Question 37

Apical L.

Answer 37

From apex of odontoid process to the foramen magnum

Question 38

Lateral atlantoaxial joint

Answer 38

Planar synovial joint | Between superior and inferior articulating processes of the Atlas and Axis

Question 39

Atlantoaxial joint

Answer 39

Compound synovial | Trochoid and planar

Question 40

Lumbosacral Joint

Answer 40

Compound joint | Symphysis and planar synovial

Question 41

Iliolumbar L.

Answer 41

Travels from the transverse processes of L5 to the iliac crest

Question 42

Lumbosacral L.

Answer 42

Travels from the transverse process of L5 to the Ala of sacrum