Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Musculoskeletal System > Back Axilla & Upper Limb > Flashcards

Back Axilla & Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of the axial skeleton?

A

Skull

Vertebral column

Sternum

Ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the components of the appendicular skeleton?

A

Pectoral girdle

  • clavicle
  • scapula

Upper limbs

Pelvis

Lower limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the components of the shoulder girdle?

A

Bones: scapula and clavicle

Acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, physiological scapulothoracic joint: allows movement of the scapula on the posterior thoracic wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the components of the shoulder joint?

A

Bones: glanoid fossa of scapula, head of humerus, clavicle

Allows movement of the humerus and thus the upper limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are axioms?

A

Every muscle that crosses a joint will act on that joint

-a direction of movement may be the function of more than one muscle, although only one muscle may be the primary mover

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Hilton’s law?

A

Nerves that supply a joint will also supply the muscles that move the joint, and the skin over the joint

  • Generally, each muscle is innervated by a single spinal nerve, and injury to that nerve will affect only that muscle

Each muscle has a major arterial supply but could also receive blood supply from other arteries (collateral blood supply). Thus, blockage of the major artery to a muscle may NOT adversely effect the muscle because of collateral blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two types of superficial back muscular groups?

A

a) superficial appendicular /extrinsic group
b) superficial respiratory or intermediate extrinsic group

Both groups of extrinsic muscles are innervated by “named” branches of ventral rami of spinal nerves via the brachial plexus and receive their blood supply from branches of major arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Explain superficial appendicular/extrinsic group as back muscles

A

Superficial axial skeleton to appendicular skeleton

  • Connect Axial skeleton to appendicular skeleton
  • Functions primarily in movement of the upper limbs- move the SCAPULA or the HUMERUS

-Arranged in two layers-
1st layer- trapezius, latssimus dorsi
2nd layer- levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Explain superficial respiratory or intermediate extrinsic group

A

These serve more likely a proprioceptive role than motor function

Consists of a thin layer of muscles made up of:

  • Serratus posterior superior
  • Serratus posterior inferior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the Trapezius muscle?

A

Assists in rotating the scapula during abduction of humerus above horizontal; upper fibers elevate, middle fibers adduct, and lower fibers depress the scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius muscle?

A

Accessory nerve (motor) cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4 (proprioception)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the blood supply of the trapezius muscle?

A

Superficial branch of transverse cervical artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Extends, adducts and medically rotates humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the innervation of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the blood supply of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of the levator scapula?

A

Elevates scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?

A

C3 to C4 and dorsal scapular nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the blood supply of the levator scapulae?

A

Transverse and ascending cervical arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the function of the rhomboid major?

A

Retracts (adducts) and elevates scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboid major?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the blood supply of the rhomboid major?

A

Deep branch of transverse cervical artery/ or dorsal scapular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the blood supply of the rhomboid minor?

A

Deep branch of transverse cervical artery/ or dorsal scapular artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboid minor?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve(C4-C5)

24
Q

What is the function of the rhomboid minor?

A

Retracts (adducts) and elevates scapulae

25
Q

What are the intermediate (respiratory)extrinsic group of back muscles?

A

Serratus posterior superior

Serratus posterior inferior

26
Q

What is the function of the serratus posterior superior?

A

Elevates ribs II - IV

27
Q

What is the innervation of the serratus posterior superior?

A

Anterior rami of upper thoracic (intercostal ) nerves T2 to T5

28
Q

What is the blood supply of the serratus posterior superior?

A

Segmental supply through intercostal arteries

29
Q

What is the function of the serratus posterior inferior?

A

Depresses ribs IX to XII and may prevent lower ribs from elevating when diaphragm contracts

30
Q

What is the innervation of the serratus posterior inferior?

A

Anterior rami of lower thoracic (intercostal) nerves T9 to T12

31
Q

What is the blood supply of the serratus posterior inferior?

A

Segmental supply through intercostal arteries

32
Q

What is the role of dorsal Ramus nerves for back muscles?

A

Branches to skin of back and deep/intrinsic muscles of the back

33
Q

What is the function of ventral Ramus nerves?

A

Gives off lateral and anterior branches of nerves

34
Q

Superficial appendicular and intermediate back muscles are EXTRINSIC back muscles innervated…

A

By ventral rami of spinal nerves

35
Q

Where is the thoracolumbar fascia located?

A

Deep investing membrane throughout most of the posterior thorax & abdomen

36
Q

What is thoracolumbar fascia formed by?

A

It is formed by longitudinal and transverse fibers from various muscles that bridge the aponeurosis of internal oblique and transversalis muscles

It is continuous with the deep fascia of the neck

37
Q

What are the 3 layers of the thoracolumbar fascia?

A

Consists three layers anterior, middle and posterior

  • the anterior and middle layers insert into the transverse processes of the vertebral column
  • Posterior layer inserts onto the tips of the spinous process processes, hence it is indirectly continuous with the interspinous ligaments

It covers the paravertebral deep muscles of the back

38
Q

What are deep muscles?

A

Deep= true= intrinsic back muscles

Attached to elements of the axial skeleton

39
Q

What are the functions of deep back muscles?

A

Functions in movement of the back proper and maintenance of upright posture

Innervated by dorsal rami of spinal nerves and receive segmental blood supply from branches of the aorta and vertebral arteries

40
Q

Where are the deep ( intrinsic) back muscles located(nerves from dorsal rami)?

A

They extend from pelvis to cranium

  • Enclosed by deep fascia (thoracolumbar)
  • Grouped in layers
    • Superficial layer (splenius group)
    • Interm3diate layer (erector spinal group)
    • Deep layer (transversospinales group)
41
Q

What is the function of the splenus capitis?

A

Acting bilaterally: extend neck

42
Q

What is the innervation of the splenus capitis ?

A

Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves

43
Q

What is the blood supply(segmental) of the splenus capitis?

A

Deep cervical, occipital

44
Q

What is the function of the spinal cervicis?

A

Acting unilaterally: laterally flexes and rotates the same side

45
Q

What is the innervation of splenius cervicis?

A

Posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves

46
Q

What is the blood supply(segmental) of the blood supply?

A

Deep, cervical, occipital

47
Q

What is the function of spinalis capitis?

A

Acting bilaterally: extend vertebral column and head; as back is flexed, control movement by gradually lengthening their fibers

Acting unilaterally: laterally flexes vertebral column

48
Q

What is the function of the spinalis cervicis?

A

Acting bilaterally: extend vertebral column and head; as back is flexed, control movement by gradually lengthening their fibers

Acting unilaterally: laterally flexes vertebral column

49
Q

What is the function of the spinalis thoracis?

A

Acting bilaterally: extend vertebral column and head; as back is flexed, control movement by gradually lengthening their fibers

Acting unilaterally: laterally flexes vertebral column

50
Q

What is the innervation(segmental) of the spinalis capitis?

A

Posterior rami of spinal rami

51
Q

What is the innervation of the spinalis cervicis?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

52
Q

What is the innervation of the spinalis thoracis?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves

53
Q

What is the blood supply(segmental) of the spinalis capitis ?

A

Vertebral, deep cervical occipital, transverse cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar and lateral sacral arteries

54
Q

What is the blood supply of the spinalis capitalis?

A

Vertebral, deep cervical occipital, transverse cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar and lateral sacral arteries

55
Q

What is the blood supply (segmental) of the spinalis thoracis ?

A

Vertebral, deep cervical occipital, transverse cervical, posterior intercostal, subcostal, lumbar and lateral sacral arteries

Musculoskeletal System (41 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions