Introduction to arteries, Veins and Lymphtics Flashcards
What are the components of the cardiovascular system?
Consists of the heart, which pumps blood throughout the body, and the blood vessels, which are a network of small tubes that transport the blood
What are the types of blood vessels?
Arteries- which transport blood away from the heart. Arteries have relatively thick walls that can withstand the high pressure of blood ejected from the heart
Veins- transport blood toward the heart. Compared to arteries, veins are thin-walled vessels with large and irregular lumens.
Capillaries- connect the arteries and veins. It is at this level where oxygen, nutrients and waste are exchanged within the tissues
What are the walls of the blood vessels ?
Tunica intima- inner endothelial lining
Tunica media- middle smooth muscle layer. May contain elastic fibers
Tunica externa(adventitia)- outer connective tissue layer
What are the subdivisions of arteries?
Large
Medium
Small
What are the walls of the arteries?
Thick walls
Tunica intima- inner endothelial lining
Tunica media- numerous layers of smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Tunica externa (adventitia) -outer connective tissue layer
What are the walls of the vein?
Thin walls
Tunica intima-inner endothelial lining, folded to form valves
Tunica media- limited layers of smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Tunica externa(adventitia)-thick outer connective tissue layer
What are the subdivisions of veins?
Large
Medium
Small
What is the most common circulatory route?
Heart-arteries-arterioles-capillary bed- venues-veins-heart
What is the portal system?
Blood flows through to consecutive capillary beds before returning to the heart
Between the intestines and liver
Anterior pituitary
What is the atriovenous shunt?
Artery directly flows into vein
Found in fingers, toes, ears; decreases heat loss, allows blood to bypass exposed areas during cold
What is anastomosis?
The union of branches of two or more vessels
-venous= allows for alternative drainage of organs
-arterial= collateral circulation= alternatives routes for blood to reach a tissue or organ
Whaat is the lymphatic system?
Consists of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes and lymphatic organs
Drains excessive interstitial fluid
What happens to excess interstitial fluid?
Flows into lymphatic capillaries located amongst the tissues
Lymph drains into lymphatic vessels
Located alongside lymphatic vessels are lymph nodes. Larger groups are found near the mammary glands, axilla and groin. Lymph nodes function as a filter for the fluid flowing through them.
Where does lymphatic fluid drain to?
Eventually all lymphatic fluid drains back into the cardiovascular system via the right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct
Lymph nodes are usually removed during dissection and will most likely not be seen during the lab
