Back Vocab

Question 1

External Occipital Protrubance (EOP)

Answer 1

Bony Bump on the Occipital Bone

Question 2

Mastoid Process

Answer 2

Behind the ear, off of the temporal bone

Question 3

Spine of the Scapula

Answer 3

Runs across the top posterior

Question 4

Acromion

Answer 4

Lateral End of the Spine of the Scapula

Question 5

Angles and Borders of the Scapula

Answer 5

Inferior Angle, Superior Angle, Medial and Lateral Boarder

Question 6

Spinous Process of C7

Answer 6

Vertebra Prominens

Question 7

Spinous Process of T3

Answer 7

Even with the Spine of the scapula

Question 8

Spinous Process of T7

Answer 8

Even with the inferior angle of the scapula

Question 9

Spinous Process of L4

Answer 9

Even with the highest point of the iliac crest, where they mark for a lumbar pucture

Question 10

Spinous Process of S2

Answer 10

Lines in the middle of the posterior Superior iliac spine, seen between the dimples of the back

Question 11

Median Sacral Crest

Answer 11

the fused spinous processes of the sacral vertebra

Question 12

Intergluteal cleft

Answer 12

AKA Natal cleft, “butt crack”

Question 13

Nuchal Lines

Answer 13

One the Occipital Bone
Superior: marking the superior limit of the neck and it extends laterally from the protuberance on the bone
Inferior: less distinct

Question 14

Occipital Condyles

Answer 14

on each side of the foramen magnum, its where the cranium meets with the vertebral column

Question 15

Vertebral Parts

Answer 15

Body, Arch, Pedicles, Vertbral Notches, Transverse Processes, Foramina, Laminae, Articular facets, Spinous Process

Question 16

Cervical Vertebrae

Answer 16

7 of them

Facet Don’t lock and the Spinous Process stick straight out so they can circumduct (all movements)

Question 17

Thoracic Vertebrae

Answer 17

12 of them

Since the Spinous Process is the the way the extention is limited and no rotation occurs

Question 18

Lumbar Vertebrae

Answer 18

5 of them
The facets are turned (inferior=lateral, superior=medial) so that causes a locking in that limits rotation
There is flexion and extension

Question 19

Intervertebral foramen

Answer 19

Space when two vertebra come together, from the side view, with the nerves come out from

Question 20

Vertebral Foramen

Answer 20

where the spinal cord runs, through the middle (down)

Question 21

Atlas

Answer 21

C1, Has the posterior and anterior arches
Anterior and Posterior Arches
Lateral Masses
Superior Anterior Facet

Question 22

Axis

Answer 22

C2 has the dens

Question 23

Uncovertebral Joints (Lushka Joints)

Answer 23

Located between the uncus of the bodies (uncinate process) of c3-c6 vertebrae
-frequent site of spur formation that may cause neck pain

Question 24

Bifid Spinous Process

Answer 24

seen on C2-C6, split into two parts

Question 25

Uncinate Process

Answer 25

- cervical spine - it is a hooked shaped process on the surface of the vertebral bodes (uncus) that helps control the movements of the spine

Question 26

Intervertebral Discs (IV)

Answer 26

Between the two bodies of the vertbrae Two parts: -Nucleus Pulposus: Central Core, gelatinous -Anulus Fibrosus: fibrous part that lines the circumference of the IV

Question 27

Primary Curvatures

Answer 27

Thoracic and Sacral

Question 28

Secondary Curvatures

Answer 28

Lumber and Cervical

Question 29

Lordoses

Answer 29

Lumber Region, Concave Posteriorly (Pregnant Women)

Question 30

Kyphoses

Answer 30

Thoracic and Sacral Regions, Concave anteriorly

Question 31

Scoliosis

Answer 31

Abnormal lateral curvature

Question 32

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

Answer 32

anterolateral aspects of the vertebral bodies and iv discs, helps maintain stability, runs from the pelvic surface of the sacrum to the tubercle of C1 Helps limit hyper extension

Question 33

Ligamentum Flavum

Answer 33

the laminea of the adajcent vertebral arches are joined by the board elastic fibrous tissue, help to resist seperation,

Question 34

Facet Joints (Zygapophyseal)

Answer 34

Between vertebrae, a synovial joint (symphysis)

Question 35

Atlanto-axial joint

Answer 35

One Medial between the dens and the anterior arch and tranverse process of the atlas (Between axis and atlas) Two lateral between the lateral masses of C1 and superior facets of C2 (motion of the head shaking "no")

Question 36

Atlanto-occipital Joint

Answer 36

between C1 and lateral masses and occipital condyles, permits nodding (Motion of the head shaking "ok")

Question 37

Joints of the vertebral bodies

Answer 37

Symphyses

Question 38

Reflective contraction

Answer 38

Autonomic and not voluntarily control

Question 39

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 39

Blood flow through the transverse foramen and suboccipital triangle is reduced Which means that blood flow is decreased to the brain stem, especially with rotation of the neck

Question 40

What is whiplash? And what does it cause?

Answer 40

Hyper extension | And can rip or tear the Anterior longitudinal ligament

Question 41

Fractures of the vertebrae are caused by?

Answer 41

Sudden forceful flexion, etc. car accident

Question 42

Muscular atrophy

Answer 42

Wasting of the muscular tissue

Question 43

Tonic contraction

Answer 43

Gives muscles firmness through slight contraction without movement or resistance (posture)

Question 44

Phasic contraction: isometric

Answer 44

Muscle length the same, no movement but the muscle tendon is increased (Etc. deltoid holding the arm in abduction)

Question 45

Phasic contraction; isotonic

Answer 45

Muscle changes length for movement. Concentric muscle shortening Eccentric muscle relaxation