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Gross Anatomy: Unit One. > Back Vocab > Flashcards

Flashcards in Back Vocab Deck (45)
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1
Q

External Occipital Protrubance (EOP)

A

Bony Bump on the Occipital Bone

2
Q

Mastoid Process

A

Behind the ear, off of the temporal bone

3
Q

Spine of the Scapula

A

Runs across the top posterior

4
Q

Acromion

A

Lateral End of the Spine of the Scapula

5
Q

Angles and Borders of the Scapula

A

Inferior Angle, Superior Angle, Medial and Lateral Boarder

6
Q

Spinous Process of C7

A

Vertebra Prominens

7
Q

Spinous Process of T3

A

Even with the Spine of the scapula

8
Q

Spinous Process of T7

A

Even with the inferior angle of the scapula

9
Q

Spinous Process of L4

A

Even with the highest point of the iliac crest, where they mark for a lumbar pucture

10
Q

Spinous Process of S2

A

Lines in the middle of the posterior Superior iliac spine, seen between the dimples of the back

11
Q

Median Sacral Crest

A

the fused spinous processes of the sacral vertebra

12
Q

Intergluteal cleft

A

AKA Natal cleft, “butt crack”

13
Q

Nuchal Lines

A

One the Occipital Bone
Superior: marking the superior limit of the neck and it extends laterally from the protuberance on the bone
Inferior: less distinct

14
Q

Occipital Condyles

A

on each side of the foramen magnum, its where the cranium meets with the vertebral column

15
Q

Vertebral Parts

A

Body, Arch, Pedicles, Vertbral Notches, Transverse Processes, Foramina, Laminae, Articular facets, Spinous Process

16
Q

Cervical Vertebrae

A

7 of them

Facet Don’t lock and the Spinous Process stick straight out so they can circumduct (all movements)

17
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A

12 of them

Since the Spinous Process is the the way the extention is limited and no rotation occurs

18
Q

Lumbar Vertebrae

A

5 of them
The facets are turned (inferior=lateral, superior=medial) so that causes a locking in that limits rotation
There is flexion and extension

19
Q

Intervertebral foramen

A

Space when two vertebra come together, from the side view, with the nerves come out from

20
Q

Vertebral Foramen

A

where the spinal cord runs, through the middle (down)

21
Q

Atlas

A

C1, Has the posterior and anterior arches
Anterior and Posterior Arches
Lateral Masses
Superior Anterior Facet

22
Q

Axis

A

C2 has the dens

23
Q

Uncovertebral Joints (Lushka Joints)

A

Located between the uncus of the bodies (uncinate process) of c3-c6 vertebrae
-frequent site of spur formation that may cause neck pain

24
Q

Bifid Spinous Process

A

seen on C2-C6, split into two parts

25
Q

Uncinate Process

A
  • cervical spine
  • it is a hooked shaped process on the surface of the vertebral bodes (uncus) that helps control the movements of the spine
26
Q

Intervertebral Discs (IV)

A

Between the two bodies of the vertbrae
Two parts:
-Nucleus Pulposus: Central Core, gelatinous
-Anulus Fibrosus: fibrous part that lines the circumference of the IV

27
Q

Primary Curvatures

A

Thoracic and Sacral

28
Q

Secondary Curvatures

A

Lumber and Cervical

29
Q

Lordoses

A

Lumber Region, Concave Posteriorly (Pregnant Women)

30
Q

Kyphoses

A

Thoracic and Sacral Regions, Concave anteriorly

31
Q

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal lateral curvature

32
Q

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

A

anterolateral aspects of the vertebral bodies and iv discs, helps maintain stability, runs from the pelvic surface of the sacrum to the tubercle of C1

Helps limit hyper extension

33
Q

Ligamentum Flavum

A

the laminea of the adajcent vertebral arches are joined by the board elastic fibrous tissue, help to resist seperation,

34
Q

Facet Joints (Zygapophyseal)

A

Between vertebrae, a synovial joint (symphysis)

35
Q

Atlanto-axial joint

A

One Medial between the dens and the anterior arch and tranverse process of the atlas
(Between axis and atlas)
Two lateral between the lateral masses of C1 and superior facets of C2
(motion of the head shaking “no”)

36
Q

Atlanto-occipital Joint

A

between C1 and lateral masses and occipital condyles, permits nodding
(Motion of the head shaking “ok”)

37
Q

Joints of the vertebral bodies

A

Symphyses

38
Q

Reflective contraction

A

Autonomic and not voluntarily control

39
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

Blood flow through the transverse foramen and suboccipital triangle is reduced

Which means that blood flow is decreased to the brain stem, especially with rotation of the neck

40
Q

What is whiplash? And what does it cause?

A

Hyper extension

And can rip or tear the Anterior longitudinal ligament

41
Q

Fractures of the vertebrae are caused by?

A

Sudden forceful flexion, etc. car accident

42
Q

Muscular atrophy

A

Wasting of the muscular tissue

43
Q

Tonic contraction

A

Gives muscles firmness through slight contraction without movement or resistance (posture)

44
Q

Phasic contraction: isometric

A

Muscle length the same, no movement but the muscle tendon is increased

(Etc. deltoid holding the arm in abduction)

45
Q

Phasic contraction; isotonic

A

Muscle changes length for movement.

Concentric muscle shortening
Eccentric muscle relaxation