Background 3

Question 1

CBT=

Answer 1

a term for large groups of therapies that all focus on cognitions and behaviour as the cause of and means to resolve emotional and behavioural problems. the aim is to help patients recognize problematic situations and triggers, and to either avoid these or learn how to deal with their problematic behaviour.

Question 2

origins of CBT

Answer 2

• classical conditioning: unwanted behaviour is replaced with new desired behavior, so that this new association will compete with the old one to change behaviour
• operant conditioning: negative reinforcement (aversion therapy) and positive reinforcement (contingency management)

Question 3

4 pharmacological agents that can support CBT

Answer 3

1. helping detoxification
2. aversive drugs
3. anti-craving medication
4. preservation treatment

Question 4

helping detoxification =

Answer 4

• tegen withdrawal symptoms, help get a patients life back on track, dan slowly reducing (of used as preservation treatment)

Question 5

helping detoxification soorten drugs

Answer 5

benzodiazepines (alcohol), methadone, buprenorphine/naloxone

Question 6

aversive drugs =

Answer 6

• medication that makes the effect of the drug aversive

Question 7

anti-craving medication=

Answer 7

• medication that decreases cravings and can therefore reduce relapse rates

Question 8

aversive drugs soorten

Answer 8

disulfiram: nausea when alcohol is digested by preventing the body from breaking it down

Question 9

anti-craving medication soorten

Answer 9

• naltrexone (obstructs opioid receptors, reducing the rewarding effects of alcohol and opiates, maar niet echt effectief voor chronic alcoholics)
• acamprosate (inhibits glutamate, reduces craving for alcohol)
• namefene (fast acting, when patient feels increased risk of relapse)

Question 10

preservation treatment=

Answer 10

• treatment that involves prescribing medication that has the same chemical properties as the drug.
• prevent withdrawal and craving
• esp. opioid abuse requires lifetime treatment
• improve QOL when quitting is not attainable

Question 11

preservation treatment soorten

Answer 11

methadone, buprenorphine/naloxone