Bacteria

Question 1

Bacteria

Answer 1

Single cell organisms
Able to grow, repair themselves, feed, and breathe
Prokaryotic

Question 2

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 2

Small, primitive cells
No nucleus
No membrane-bound organelles(internal compartments)

Question 3

5 kingdom

Answer 3

Kingdom monera

Question 4

6 kingdom

Answer 4

Kingdom eubacteria

Kingdom archaebacteria

Question 5

Shapes of bacteria cells

Answer 5

Coccus (round)
Bacillus (rod-shaped)
Spirilles (spiral)

Question 6

Reproduction in monerans

Answer 6

Binary fission and conjugation

Question 7

Binary fission

Answer 7

Cell replicates it’s DNA and splits in 2. Results are 2 daughter cells that are genetically identical to parent cell

Question 8

Conjugation

Answer 8

2 cells pair up. One transfers some of its DNA to other cell. Results are the recipient is a genetic mixture of the 2 cells.

Question 9

Autotrophs

Answer 9

Make their own food (organic molecules) from inorganic substances
Eg. Photosynthesis

Question 10

Glucose

Answer 10

Can be used to store energy or converted into other types of organic molecules (starch, protein, vitamins, DNA)

Question 11

Chemosynthesis

Answer 11

Similar to photosynthesis

Chemical energy rather than light is used to make glucose

Question 12

Heterotrophs

Answer 12

Can’t make their own food, must feed off of others.

Question 13

Types of heterotrophs

Answer 13

Saprophytes
Decomposers
Parasites

Question 14

Saprophytes

Answer 14

Absorb organic molecules from their surrounding

Question 15

Decomposers

Answer 15

Release digestive enzymes into their surrounding. These break down large organic molecules.
(Recycle)

Question 16

Parasites

Answer 16

Feed off of a living host cell

Question 17

Ways of extracting energy from food molecules

Answer 17

Cellular respiration (aerobic metabolism)

Fermentation (a aerobic metabolism)

Question 18

Cellular respiration (aerobic metabolism)

Answer 18

Uses oxygen to break down glucose and other organic molecules. (releases useful energy from food molecules that could be used to power cell activities)

Question 19

Equation for cellular respiration

Answer 19

Opposite of photosynthesis

Question 20

Fermentation (anaerobic metabolism)

Answer 20

Can break down food molecules without oxygen.

Question 21

Disadvantages of fermentation

Answer 21

1. Produces far less energy than cellular respiration

2. Creates toxic end products such as ethanol (alcohol), acetic acid, or lactic acid

Question 22

Obligate aerobes

Answer 22

Organisms that must have oxygen in order to survive

Question 23

Obligate anaerobes

Answer 23

Must live in an oxygen free environment

Question 24

Facultative anaerobes

Answer 24

Can live with or without oxygen

Question 25

Harmful bacteria

Answer 25

1. STD (chlamydia) 2. Food poisoning (salmonella) 3. Numerous other diseases (plague)

Question 26

Helpful bacteria

Answer 26

Decomposers Produces of food Nitrogen fixation (crops) Digestive bacteria