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Chiro Essentials Microbio > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Ziehl Neelsen Stain bacteria

A

Mycobacterium
M. TB
. leprae

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2
Q

Gram - Cocci

A

Neisseria (gonorrhea, meningitidis)

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3
Q

Gram - comma

A

Vibrio (cholera)

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4
Q

Gram - bacillus
non-enteric
enteric

A

Ne: Bartonella henselae, bordetella pertussis, brucella abortus, L. pneumophilia, francisella tularensis, pseudomonas aeruginosa H. ducreyi
E: salmonella typhi, H. pylori, Yersinia pestis, serratia marcescens, proteus mirablis, E. Coli, K. phenumoniae, shegella sonnie/flexneri

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5
Q

Gram + Cocci

A

Staph (arueus, saprophyticus, pneumoniae, pyogenes, viridans, agalactiae)

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6
Q

Gram + bacilus

A

antrhacis, cereus
Clostridium - diff, tetani, perfringins, botulinum
Corynebacterium - diphtheriae

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7
Q

Which bacteria lack cell wall?

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (atypical walking peumonia)

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8
Q

Which bacteria have a flexible cell wall

A 
(spirochete)
Chlamydia psittaci (Psittacosis) trachomatis (A/b/C trachoma, D-K Reiter's, L1-3 lymphogranuloma venereum)
Rickettsia: rickettsii (rocky mountain spotted fever ticks), prowazekii (epidimic typhus - lice), typhi (murine endomic typhus - rat fleas), quntana (trench fever - lice), tsutsugamishi (scrub typhus - mites)
Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)
Ehrlichia chaffeensis (tick)
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9
Q

Staph aureus can cause:

A

Scalded skin syndrome, toxic shock, impetigo, osteomyelitis, carbuncles, acute bacteril endocarditis

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10
Q

Staph saprophyticus

A

MC UTI in teenagers, no nitrite in urine

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11
Q

Strep pyogenes can cause

A

Rheumatic fever, impetigo, erysipelas, glomerulonephritis, scarlet fever

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12
Q

Alpha-hemolytic strep in dental cavities and subacute bacteral endocarditits

A

Strep viridans

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13
Q

Strep pneumoniae can cause?

A

Meningitis, otitis media, pneumonia (rust coloured sputum sinusitis)

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14
Q

Srep Agalactiae causes:

A

Meningitis and septicemia in newborn

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15
Q

Neisseria

gonorrhoeae and meningitidis cause and ID in?

A

Thayer-Martin chocolate agar
G: gonorrhea, septic arthritis, ophthalmia neonatorum
M: meningitis and meningococcemia

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16
Q

Lowenstein-Jensen medium is used to ID?

A

Mycobacterium TB

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17
Q

Wool sorter’s disease with malignant pustule (bactermeia and death)

A

Bacillus anthracis

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18
Q

What causes food poisoning (esp fried rice)?

A

Bcillus cereus

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19
Q

Botulism

A

C. botulinum - blocks ACH release at neuromuscular junction, diplopia, dysphagia, flaccid paralysis

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20
Q

Pseudomonas colitis caused by?

A

C. diff normal gut flora

Four smelling stool

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21
Q

Tetanus is caused by?

A

Clostridium tetani, cause muscle spasm and trismus (lockjaw)

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22
Q

Gas gangrene is caused by?

A

Clostridium perfringens

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23
Q

Diphtheria S/S?

A

Chinese-letters appearance of corynebacterium diphtheria, gray pseudo-membrane in throat, bacteriophages release exotoxin and damage heart, muscle, nerve, Shick test positive

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24
Q

Listeria monocytogenes is from?

Study These Flashcards
A

Unpasteruized milk/cheese

25
What is the gram negative enteric bacillus that causes fever, diarrhea and blood and pus in the stool
Compylobacter jejuni
26
What causes bubonic plague? Vector?
Yersinia pestis, rat fleas
27
How long does it take salmonella enterides to cause food poisoning?
1-2 days
28
Symptoms of salmonella typhi
Low grade step ladder fever, diarrhea, rose spots on abdomen
29
Proteus mirablis causes?
UTI
30
People with red coloured pus coming out of their burns probably have?
Serratia marcescens
31
Cat-scratches can transmit?
Bartonella henselae
32
Fever with an undulating pattern with a vector of cows, goats, swine?
Brucellosis/undulant fever - brucella abortus
33
Atypical pneumonia cause, from?
Legionella pneumophila, AC
34
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is? Produces what S/S? Seen in what pathologies?
Non-lactose fermenting, oxidase + enteric bacillus Blue-green pus (pyocyanin, pyoverdin) Burns, pneumonia, sepsis, externalotitis, UTI, drug use osteomyelitis
35
What causes pink eye?
Hemophilus aegypti/Kock-Weeks bacillus
36
Vibrio cholerae vs vulnificus
Gram - enteric, exotoxin + cAMP increases fluid secretion from gut --> rice water stool Gram - non-enteric, sea water/food, cause necrotizing fasciitis, or food poisoning (oysters)
37
``` Which pathogen causes these fevers? Q fever? Rocky Mountain spotted? Recurrent/relapsing? Rabbit? Undulant (Malta) Rheumatic/Scarlet? ```
Q fever: coxiella burnetti Rocky Mountain spotted: rickettsia rickettsii Recurrent/relapsing: Borrelia recurrentis Rabbit: francisella tularemia Undulant (Malta): Brucella abortus Rheumatic/Scarlet: Strep pyogenes
38
``` Which pathogen causes this typhus? Murine/Endemic Epidemic Scrub Thyphoid fever ```
Murine/Endemic: Rickettsia typhi Epidemic: Rickettsia prowazekii Scrub: Rickettsia Tsutsugamishi Thyphoid fever: Salmonella typhi
39
``` Describe the food poisoning symptoms caused by: Staph aureus: Clostridium botulinum: Clostridium perfringens: Salmonella enterides: Campylobacter jejuni: E. COli: ```
Staph aureus: 2-4 hrs later, vomiting, diarrhea Clostridium botulinum: 6-8 hrs later, vomiting, flaccid paralyis, diplopia, dysphagia Clostridium perfringens: 10-12 hrs, vomiting, diarrhea Salmonella enterides: 12-24 hrs, fever Campylobacter jejuni: 1-7 days, fever vomiting, diarrhea, MC cause E. Coli: 1-10 days,
40
Which pathogen causes this form of dysentery? Traveler's diarrhea/Montezuma's revenge, Delhi belly: Hiker's diarrhea: Bacillary: Amebic: Childhood: Infantile gastroenteritis:
``` Traveler's diarrhea: E. Coli Hiker's diarrhea: Giardia lamblia Bacillary: Shigella dyseteriae Amebic: Entameba histolytics Childhood: Coxsackie viruses Infantile gastroenteritis: Rotavirus of REO family ```
41
``` What pathogen causes meningitis in this population: Neonates Kids Adolescents/adults Elderly HIV/AIDS ```
``` Neonates - E. Coli Kids - H. influenzae Adolescents/adults - N. Meningitidis Elderly - Strep pneumoniae HIV/AIDS - Cryptococcus Neoformans ```
42
``` Which antibiotics do this? Block cell wall synthesis? Cause wall damage? Block nucleotide synthesis? Prevent DNA rep? RNA? Block protein synth? ```
Penicillin, ampicillin, cephalosporin, vancomycin Bacitracin, polymyxin Sulfonamides, trimethoprim Metronidazole and quinolones (cirpofloxacin), rifampicin 50S Chloramphenicol, clindamycin and 30S tetracycline, streptomycin, neomycin
43
We use darkfield microscopy for?
Treponema, Borrelia, Microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti
44
E. Coli stain?
Eosin-methylene blue
45
Indian ink is used to stain?
Cryptococcus neoformans (owl-eye appearance)
46
Fungal infection microscopic technique?
Wood's lamp (fluorescent)
47
Wright-Giemsa stain?
Spirochetes (syphilis), pneumocystis, protozoal parasites
48
Ziehl-Neelsen stain
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
49
What blood test do you use for a recent streptococcal infection (rheumatic fever or post-strep glomerulonephritis)?
Anti-Streptolysin O titer >160 Todd units | O stimulates ab
50
Coombs test is used for?
Rhesus factor (erythroblastosis fetalis), hemolytic anemia
51
ELISA is used for?
HIV, Lyme disease | sensitive but not specific
52
FTA-ABS is used for?
Confirmation for syphilis
53
Special test for Chlamydia organisms?
Ligase chain reaction
54
What is the test used to detect mycobacterium leprae?
Mitsuda test (intradermal injection of lepromin)
55
Paul Bunnel test uses sheep RBC to detect?
MONO
56
Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test is a screening test for?
Syphilis
57
VDRL screens for? | False positives?
Syphilis | Viruses, drugs, rheumatic fever, leprosy, SLE
58
What blood test is positive for Rickettsiae?
Weli-Felix
59
What blood test is for Typhoid fever?
Widal test

Chiro Essentials Microbio (3 decks)

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