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PBD FINAL > Bacteria I > Flashcards

Bacteria I Flashcards

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1
Q

crystal violet

A

gram positive

blue

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2
Q

gram stain

A

crystal violet
iodine
alcohol wash
safranin

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3
Q

safranin

A

gram positive

red

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4
Q

penicillin

A

inhibits transpeptidase

-no peptidoglycan cross links

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5
Q

teichoic acid

A

gram positive

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6
Q

mureinlipoprotein

A

gram negative

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7
Q

gram positive

A

2 layers

-thick with lots of crosslinks

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8
Q

gram negative

A

3 layers

  • LPS - lipid A - endotoxin
  • thin layer

-blocked action of PCN and lysozymes

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9
Q

gram positives

A 
streptococci
straphylococcus
bacillus
clostridium
listeria
corynbacterium
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10
Q

spore former gram positive

A

rods

  • bacillus
  • clostridium
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11
Q

non-spore former gram positive

A

rods

  • listeria
  • corynbacterium
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12
Q

gram negative cocci

A

neisseria

moraxella

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13
Q

gram - spiral

A

spirochetes

  • treponema
  • barcellia
  • leptospira
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14
Q

gram - bacilli

A 
enterics
haemophilus
bordetella
legionella
yersinia
francisella
brucella
pasteurella
gardnerella
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15
Q

gram - pleomorphs

A

chlamydia

rickettsia

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16
Q

no cell wall

A

mycoplasm

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17
Q

obligate anaerobes

A

clostridium

bacteriode

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18
Q

catalse test

A

identify staph

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19
Q

coagulase test

A

identifiy staph aureus

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20
Q

single polar flagella

A

vibrio cholera

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21
Q

many flagella

A

E. coli

protues morabilis

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22
Q

no flagella

A

shigella

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23
Q

periplasmic flagella

A

spirochetes

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24
Q

protein capsule

A

bacillus anthracis

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25
india ink stain
cryptococcus | -see capsule
26
quellung rxn
bacteria with capsules
27
tetanospasmin
clostridium tetani -muscle contraction
28
botulinum
clostridium botulinum -flaccid paralysis
29
cholaragen
vibrio cholera -cAMP - release NaCl and H2O
30
heat labile toxin
like cholera - cAMP
31
heat stable toxin
cGMP
32
shiga toxin
shigella dysenteria - kills epithelial cells - bloody diarrhea
33
hemolytic uremic syndrome
EHEC
34
lipid A
gram negative LPS | -released with lysis - endotoxin
35
number one cause of ICU deaths
septic shock
36
mediators of septic shock
TNF, IL-1, NO
37
first with septic shock
get culture
38
cAMP exotoxins
cholera anthrax montezuma revenge (ETEC) pertussis
39
transformation
DNA fragments enter COMPETENT recipient
40
transduction
virus infects bacteria (bacteriophage) - virulent - lysis - temperate - latent
41
lysogenic immunity
integrated phage inhibits other bacteriophages
42
generalized transduction
virulent phage | -bacteriophage with bacterial DNA
43
specialized transduction
temperate phage | -bacteriophage with bacterial DNA
44
lysogenic conversion
corynbacterium diptheria
45
conjugation
F plasmid and sex pilus - Hfr cell - can form F' plasmid
46
plasmids
enzymes that degrade antibiotics or generate virulent factors
47
transposons
mobile genetic units | -can insert into DNA - WITHOUT homology
48
beta hemolytic
complete lysis RBCs
49
alpha hemolytic
partial lysis RBCs
50
gamma hemolytic
no lysis RBCs
51
group A beta hemolytic
strep pyogenes
52
strep pyogenes
group A beta hemolytic | -gram positive cocci
53
strep throat
strep pyogenes | -red tonsil, purulent exudate, high fever, swollen nodes
54
test for strep throat
RADT | -strep pyogenes
55
RADT
strep throat test | -strep pyogenes
56
M-protein
strep pyogenes | -inhibit complement
57
pyrogenic toxin
scarlet fever - strep pyogenes
58
strep O and S
hemolytic | -strep pyogenes
59
impetigo
crusty flaky mouth | -strep pyogenes
60
pyoderma
pustule > crust > depigmented skin | -strep pyogenes
61
erysipelas
dermis with advancing border | -strep pyogenes
62
folliculitis, cellulitis
strep pyogenes
63
necrotizing fasciitis
strep pyogenes
64
fourniers
genital and perinum necrosis | -strep pyogenes
65
scarlet fever
trunk rash - neck to extremities -spares face strep pyogenes -due to lysogenic conversion (pyrogenic toxin)
66
superantigen
with toxic shock syndrome | -strep pyogenes
67
rheumatic fever
fever, myocarditis, arthritis, subQ nodules, erythema marginatum, chorea -strep pyogenes
68
fever, myocarditis, arthritis, subQ nodules, chorema, erthema marginatum
strep pyogenes | -rheumatic fever
69
post-strep glomerulonephritis
week after pharyngitis or skin infection -child - puffy face, dark urine, HTN strep pyogenes
70
week after pharyngitis, child with puffy face, dark urine
strep pyogenes | -post-strem glomerulonephritis

PBD FINAL (10 decks)

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