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Neet Rank 8 > Bacteria Micro > Flashcards

Bacteria Micro Flashcards

1
Q

All cocci G+ except

A 
GNC: 
Meningococci 
Gonococci 
Veilonella
Moraxella
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2
Q

All bacilli G- except

A 
GPB: MACDoNALD
Mycobacterium 
Anthrax
Clostridium 
Diphtheria 
o
Nocardia 
Actinomycetes 
Listeria 
Diphtheroids
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3
Q

Grams staining

A

Methyl violet 1•
Grams I2
Acetone x 5s (alcohol)
Safranin (carbol or malachite green)

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4
Q

Bipolar stain SAFETY PIN

A 
Yersinia pestis 
Burkholderia mallei/psedomonas 
B. psudomallei 
H ducreyi 
C. Granulomatis/Kelbsiella 
V parahemolyticus (7-8%) sea food 
Fransiella
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5
Q

Burkholderia mallei

A

Glanders

NON Motile

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6
Q

B pseudomallei

A

Meliodosis

MOTILE

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7
Q

Motility
Melli
Pseudomallei

A

Mallei- NON

Pseudo - MOTILE

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8
Q

Donovanosis

GRANULOMA INGUINALE

A

Calymatobacter granulomatis

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9
Q

Capsulated

A 
PAKIY BMC V 
Pneumococcus 
Anthrax 
Kleb 
Influenza
Yersinia
Bordetella 
Meningo 
C welchii/ perfringens. Cryptococcosis 
V PARAhemolyticus 7-8%
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10
Q

Monotrichous
Amphi
Lopho
Peri

A

Mono- Vibrio cholera
Amphi - Alcaligens fecalis (enterobac)
Lopho~ SPIRILLUM MINUS (rat bite fever)
Peri - Enterobwcteriacea fam, Listeria

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11
Q

Differential motility
37 NON
20-25 MOTILE

A

Listeria

Yersinia enterocolytica

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12
Q

Swarming

A

Proteus

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13
Q

Shooting

Darting

A

V cholera

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14
Q

Tumbling

A

Listeria

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15
Q

Stately

A

Clostridium

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16
Q

Cork screw

A

T palladium spirochetes

ENDOFLAGELLA (periplasmic space)

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17
Q

Lashing

A

Borrelia

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18
Q

Gliding

A

Mycoplasma

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19
Q

Falling leaf

A

Giardia

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20
Q

Twitching

A

T vaginalis

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21
Q

Rotatory

A

B coli CILIATA

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22
Q

Hanging drop
Semi solid MMAgar (0.5-1.5%)
Cragies tube

A

Motility

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23
Q

Blood

Chocolate

A

Enriched.

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24
Q

Chocolate

A

Hemophilus

Neisseria

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25
X and V in Chocolate
X - hemin | V - NAD
26
Eggs for solidification Green (malachite) Ruf tuf buff
LJ Malachite - selective for TB #staph,strep 6-8wks
27
Mac Conkey
``` PLANT Peptone Lactose Agar Neutral red Taurocholate sodium (selective) ```
28
Name the only 3 LF
E Coli Clebsiella Shigella sonnei (LLF)
29
Differential Indicator 1. Selective 2. Non selective
1 selective - Mac Conkey | 2 non selective- CLED
30
CLED
Inhibits proteus swarming Dx UTI
31
Sugar media
Sugar Andrades indicator Peptone Cx
32
``` Transport for Vibrio cholera 2 Gono&Meningo S pyogenes Shigella ```
Cholera - VR, Cary Blair Neisseria - Amies and Stuart Pyogenes - PIKES Shigella - SACHS buffered glycerol saline
33
Obligate aerobe
MTB | Pseudomonas
34
Obligate anaerobes
ABC Actinomycetes Bacteroids Clostridium
35
Microaerophilic
H pylori | C jejuni
36
Capnophilic
Brucella abortus | Pneumococcus
37
Gull wing at 42*C
C jejuni
38
GPC catalase
Staph + (bubbles on H2O2) | Strep -
39
Staph Coagulase
Patho staph + | CONS -
40
CONS Novobiocin testing MHA
Staph epidermis-sensitive | S saprophyticus - resistant
41
Mc Antibiotic sensitivity agar Method
Mc Muller Hinton > Nutrient | Mc Kirby baur disc diffusion < Stokes (controls, better)
42
Biofilm Early prosthetic valve endocarditis <1y Novobiocin sensitive
Staph epidermis
43
Young female UTI | Novobiocin resistant
Mc GPC - staph saprophyticus | Mc overall - E. coli
44
Gram + cocci Coagulase + Catalase +
SA
45
Golden yellow on NA enchanced on milk | Beta hemolytic on blood
SA
46
Blood beta hemolysis PIN HEAD PIN POINT
Head - Staph aureus | Pin - strep
47
MSA | Salt milk ludlam
Staph aureus
48
Coagglutination test
STAPH AUREUS: Protein A - Cowan 1 strain | Fc of Ig binds and co agglutinates MENINGOCOCCUS
49
Staph Alpha hemolysin Beta
Alpha - PARADOXICAL action Inactive at 40. Active at 100 Beta- HOT AND COLD phenomenon Usually hemolysis better at 37 deg but in staph better at 4*C
50
Leucocidin toxin by SA
Penton Valentine toxin
51
``` Most potent in SA DNAase Thermonuclease Coagulase Hyaluronidase Lipase Phosphatase ```
Coagulase
52
Staph food poisoning
Preformed ENTEROTOXIN A
53
SSSS toxin | Causes TEN adults and Reiters in children
Exfoliative toxin A & B
54
TSS toxin | Contaminated vaginal tampons
ENTEROTOXIN F PYROGENIC EXOTOXIN C Super antigen (lateral aspect of VB domain of T cell receptor) ——> >20% lymphocytes active and release lymphokines and shock
55
Doc for TSS staph
Clindamycin #toxin rather than bacteria
56
Reiters by Chlamydia
See pee dance Conjunctivitis Urethritis Arthritis Rx Doxy
57
``` Cellulitis Impetigo Uncles BOTRYOMYCOSIS Tropical PYOMYOSITIS Post op parotitis Acute mastitis Acute OM NATIVE VALVE ENDOCARDITITS IVDA endocarditis ```
Staph aereus
58
MRSA MOA
PBP2a ——> Mec A gene Via Bacteriophage TRANSDUCTION (others - conjugation) Mec A 1-3 : nosocomial >48h Mec A 4 : community
59
MRSA screening tests
Cefoxitin at 37 deg with NaCl 4% to enrich MRSA growth >>> oxacilin
60
Staph phage typing
Mc 80/81A | 23 total sets
61
Strawberry tongue
Kawasaki | Strep Scarlet fever
62
Strep hemolysis Alpha Beta Gamma
Alpha - PARTIAL HEMOLYSIS Beta - COMPELTE Gamma - NO
63
Alpha hemolysis strep
S pneumonia | S viridans
64
Beta hemolysis strep
Group AV-IJ of LanCefield classification Carbo C ⬇️ 80-100 M protein of Griffith
65
Gamma hemolysis of strep
E fecalis | E faecium
66
Beta hemolysis strep Group A Gp B Gp D
A - S pyogenes B - S agalactiae D - Enterococci ( beta + gamma )
67
Gp A vs Gp B Strep 1. Bacitracin testing 2. CAMP test 3. Hippurate hydrolysis test
Bacitracin - Gp B resistant Camp - ✅Gp B Hippurate - ✅ Gp B All 3 Gp B ⚠️ ie Agalactiae Pyogenes ❎
68
Bacitracin done in which agar
Blood agar
69
GAS/GABHS
Pyogenes
70
Longest chain of strep in grams
S salivarius
71
Crystal violet blood agar
S pyogenes
72
Triad Cellulitis Impetigo Erysepelas
S pyogenes
73
Mc acute pharyngitis NF flesh eating bacteria Puerperal sepsis
GABHS/ pyogenes
74
Super antigen of GABHS
Scarlet fever toxin PYROGENIC toxin Erthrogenic toxin A&C
75
Hi recurrent sore throat Marked IMMUNE response Complement normal ASO >200
ARF Life long penicillin Px
76
``` Ho pyodermic infection Mild to mod immune response Low complement ———> normal Anti DNAase B >300-350 Spontaneously comes and goes ```
AGN
77
GBS
S agalactiae
78
Normal commensalism of birth canal ⬇️ Early or late neonatal meningitis
GBS
79
Overall mc cause neonatal meningitis
``` E. coli ⬇️ Klebsiella ⬇️ GBS ```
80
CAMP test on blood agar
GBS enhances Staph aureus due to CAMP factor | Butterfly zone of HEMOLYSIS ➕
81
``` Can grow in 6.5% NaCl 40% bile 9.4 ph Resist temp of 45🌡 for minutes ```
Enterococci E fecalis E faecium
82
Black colonies in bile aescullin agar
Enterococci
83
Gram stain Spectacle shape Violet G+
Enterococci
84
Doc Enterococci
``` Penicillin + AG ⬇️ Resistant ⬇️ Vanco ```
85
VRE
Van A gene (D ala ⏩ D lactate) A most resistant ⬇️ H least resistant
86
Doc VRE
Linezolid
87
Dental caries strep
Mutans
88
SABE strep | Late onset prosthetic valve endocarditis >1y
Viridans
89
GPC Lanceolate 🔥 flame shape Draughtsman (carrom coin 🪙 on blood 🩸 and chocolate 🍫 agar))
Pneumococcus
90
Pneumococcus capsular polysaccharide Ag method of typing
90 types | SSS typing: Specific Soluble Substance
91
Quellung reaction
SEROLOGICAL (capsular Ag-Ab) Capsule swelling and delineation ✅Pneumococcus ✅H influenza
92
Pneumococcus BIOchemical reaction
BIO Bile soluble ✅ Optochin sensitivity ✅ Inulin fermenter ✅ Optochin - 2 ethyl hydrocupriene
93
``` COMPS Conjunctivitis Otitis media Meningitis Pneumonia Sinusitis ```
Pneumococcus
94
PCV in splenectomised
23 valent polysaccharide
95
7 valent vaccine
<2y children post Sx 1. Cochlear implant 2. CSF shunt
96
Doc for pneumococcus
Penicillin
97
``` Capsulated cocci Pink on Grams ➖ Lens shape 👀 Ferments GLU AND MALTOSE Intra and Extra cellular ✅✅ ```
Meningococcus NO plasmid 🧬 recruitment for resistance
98
``` Non capsulated coccus Pink on grams ➖ Kidney shape Ferments only GLU (RCUT) Plasmid 🧬 recruitment for resistance ✅ INTRAcellular mc ```
GONO coccus
99
Meningo based on capsular polysaccharide
13 sero groups | ABC YWE9&
100
Virulence factor GONO AND MENINGO 👯‍♀️
1. Capsular polysaccharide 2. LOS (endotoxic shock - meningicoccemia) 3. OMP 4. Pilli 5. IgA1 protease (destroys surface IgA immunity) Only GONO ♐️ LACTOFERRIN/TRANSFERRIN extra
101
Meningo nasopharyngeal carriers
5-15% NORMAL/healthy ppl | Via droplet ➡️ lungs ➡️ blood ➡️ meninges
102
``` Fever Headache Vomiting NECK RIGIDITY RASH / PETECHIAE 🤒 ```
Meningococcal meningitis
103
Theyer Martin | Muller Hinton agar
Meningococcus
104
Recurrent neisserial infection
C5-9 def
105
Mc dreadful complication of meningococcus
Waterhouse fredrichson | Adrenal hemorrhagic syndrome
106
Meningo vaccine
MCV4 (ACYW) Sero B ➖ WASTE no immunogenicity
107
Doc for meningo nasal carriers | Doc for cases
Carriers- Rifampicin Ciprofloxacin Cases - 3rd gen cephalo
108
Auxotyping (nutrient needed) | Pili based typing
GONO
109
Ophthalmia neonatarum Urethritis males Cervicitis females
Gono
110
GONO Cervicitis diagnosis swab
Endocervical NOT HIGH VAG
111
Theyer Martin | Modified New York agar
Gono
112
Water can perinium in males
Gonococcus complication. | Multiple fistulas
113
Fitz hugh curtis
Perihepatitis - Gono - chlamydia
114
Suppurative arthritis & polyarthritis which GNC
Gono
115
Resistance in Gono
Plasmid recruitment
116
Oxidase positive • Organisms • Test • Reagent
Organisms - Gono and pseudomonas Test - WHITE disk turns BLUE 💙 in 10 sec Reagent - TetraMethyl p phenylene diamine dihydrochloride
117
Kleb loefflers bacilli
C diph
118
Babes earnst granules
C diph | Energy deposits
119
Ponders Albert’s Neisser (PAN)
C diph Chinese letter pattern Cuneiform
120
C diph bio types
Gravis Intermedius Mitis GIM 🏋🏻‍♀️
121
GIM - Colony shape on PTA
Daisys frog eggs are poached G- Daisy head I- frog eggs M - poached eggs
122
Leffler serum slope PTA HMT - Hoyles, Macleod, tinsdale
C diphtheria PTA - best and most confirmatory
123
Toxins inhibiting PROTEIN SYNTHESIS ⬇️ #ADP ribosylation of EF2
DPS Diptheria Pseudomonas Shigella Toxin need IRON for its action (0.1mg/L)
124
C diph is made pathogenic by
Beta phage that injects a Tox gene | Via LYSOGENIC conversion
125
DPT vaccine strain
Park William 8 strain i op
126
Eleks gel ppt PCR ELISA
C diph Toxin demonstration for DIAGNOSIS (CDE) Toxaemia not bacteremia
127
Shicks test
NEUTRALISATION TEST C diph (dick) ➕person is susceptible and needs to be immunised ➖ immune
128
Trench mouth
Vincent’s angina | White membrane ➕
129
Pseudomembrane of Diph Mc Most dangerous
Mc Faucial or tonsil | Md laryngeal 😳
130
Bull neck in diphtheria due to
Edema and lymphedema
131
Chronic complications of diphtheria
Myocarditis | Polyneuropathies
132
Non corynebacterium
Parvum Minutessimum Pseudo TB Jeikum
133
Non c diph | Immunomodulator
Parvum
134
Non c diph | Erythresma ➡️ Skin Bx on Wood lamp ➡️ coral red flurorescence 🩸
Minutessimum
135
Preizz nocard bacillus ➡️ lymphadenopathy
Pseudo TB
136
Non c diph | MDR isolate
Jeikum
137
Gram pos bacillus Non motile SPORES ➕ Cat A BIOTERRORIST
B anthracis
138
Capsule of Anthrax
Polypeptide (polyGlutamate)
139
Mc Feydan reaction
Capsule of B anthracis
140
Leffler methylene blue
Staining capsule of B anthrax
141
Bamboo stick on Grams Medusa head on Agar String of Pearls on Penicillin agar Inverted fir 🌲 tree on Gelatin stab cx
Bacillus anthracis
142
Best selective media for B anthrax
``` PLET Polymyxin Lysozyme EDTA Thallus acetate ```
143
Tripartite toxin
``` Anthrax PLEase (don’t kill me bro) Protective factor Lethal factor Edema factor ```
144
Hide Porter
Cutaneous Anthrax Dockyard shipyard ESCHAR ➡️ malig PUSTULE ➡️ VESICLE
145
Wool sorter
Pulmonary anthrax 10-12y MEDIASTINAL HEMORRHAGIC NECROSIS Rx Duckering (dip in formalin to kill spores)
146
Ascolis thermoppt test
Lab Dx Anthrax
147
B cereus toxins
Emetic 1-6h (Chinese fried rice 🍚) HEAT STABLE toxin of E. coli cGMP Diarrheal 8-16h HEAT LABILE toxin of E. coli cAMP
148
Cx of B cereus
``` MYPA Mannitol Yolk egg 🥚 Phenol red (polymixin) Agar ```
149
GPB Obligate ANAEROBE Non capsule (except?) Stately motility
Clostridium | Except- B perfeingens
150
Drum stick spores | Terminal spore in Clost
Tetani
151
Central spore of Clostridium
C. Bifermentans
152
Anerobiosis techniques
``` Mac Intosh (old) Mc GAS PAK Biological method (obligate aerobe Pseudomonas) ```
153
Cx media for Clostridium
RCM: Meat 🍖 becomes Pink —— Saccharolytic Black —— Proteolytic Thioglycollate broth
154
Toxins of c perfeingens
``` Perfeingens has 13 toxins Alpha beta gamma theta etc ⬇️ A-E types Mc - Type A, alpha ```
155
Clostridium myonecrosis 1-2d Pain and CREPITUS
Gas Gangrene Crepitus- gas in deep muscle compartment due to low redox potential Rx Early - Sx debride + Abx Late - Amputate + Abx
156
Gas gangrene Clost sp?
PNS Perfeingens Novyi Septicum Random- fallax, histiolyticum, edematiens, sporogenes
157
Citron bodies | Boat shaped
C septicum
158
Clostridium: Heat labile enterotoxin 8-24 hours Type A alpha toxin
Food poisoning by perfeingens
159
Pigbel
``` Perfeingens Ppl eating pig ⬇️ Necrotising enteritis TYPE C, BETA toxin ```
160
Naegler reacn
``` Perfeingens NEUTRALISATION reacn Egg yolk agar + Carpet Cx + one half antitoxin ⬇️ Other half has opaque areas due to alpha LECITHINASE (phospholipase) ```
161
Stormy clot fermentation
C perf LITMUS MILK Foul smell 👃🏻 IMMENSE FERMENTAION
162
Target hemolysis
Perfeingens Double zone of hemolysis Alpha BLOOD AGAR alpha and theta toxins
163
Reverse camp test
GBS and C perfeingens
164
8th day disease
Tetanus IP 8d (<8 d GRAVE prognosis)
165
Toxins of tetani
TetanoSPASMIN main | TetanoLYSIN (hemolysis)
166
TetanoSPASMIN
``` #Presyn inhibitory NT (Glycine and GABA) ⬇️ Constant stimulation ⬇️ Lock jaw Opisthotonus ```
167
Botulism toxins
Neurotoxin (3kg kills one adult human ☠️) | Enterotoxin (canned food)
168
``` Diplopia Dysphagia Dysarthria Constipation Decrease DTR ```
Botulism
169
Floppy infant syndrome
Botulism Honey spores Flaccid paralysis
170
CDAD
C difficil ass diarrhoea 🔁 PMC Abx >2m Rx Vanco DOC
171
C difficicle toxins
Enterotoxin Cytotoxin “On Hep2 cell lines” Difficile is difficult to Cx!
172
Dx of C difficle
PCR for tox gene Elisa For toxin demo Sigmoidoscopy for ulcers
173
Acid fast why?
20% coz resists decolorisation due to MYCOLIC ACID
174
Virulence factors for MTB
Cord factor | Lipoarabinomannan
175
Rankes complex Gohns complex Simons complex Assmans focus
Ranke- calcifies LN in lower lobe of Gohns CHILDREN Simon - Upper lobe subpleural focus ADULT Assman - BL infraclavicular
176
Skin TB Primary Secondary
Primary - Lupus vulgaris APPLE 🍎 JELLY NODULES Secondary - Scrofula from LN rupture
177
Petroff method
Thick mucus from Sputum assay liquified with Naoh and HCL in TB assessment
178
Acid fast staining
``` Carbol fushchin ⬇️ intermittent 🔥 20% H2SO4 ⬇️ 7-8 min Methylene blue 💙 ```
179
Eugonic growth means what?
Luxuriant growth | Seen in LJ (6-8wks)
180
``` Dorset egg Tarshis Petragagni Saural souton Pawlowsky Middle brook Dubo ```
MTB
181
Auto liq Cx
BAC T /tec Only Presumptive Confirm only LJ 💘
182
Test for MTB that Uses BLOOD samples Gold std assay for LATENT TB
IGRAs
183
Advanced MDR TB PCR detector?
LPA
184
High sample load lab centre for TB Dx which technique
Auramine Rhodamine (fluorescent) 🥲high false ➕
185
Mantaux test
``` Type 4 HS 0.1 ml PPD id ⬇️ Flexors ⬇️ read after 72h Induration only. NOT REDNESS ❌ ``` <5 ➖ >10➕
186
TT False ➕ False ➖
False ➕ Recent BCG MAC False ➖ Advanced HIV Military TB
187
SEROLOGICAL TB test
BANNED IN INDIA
188
Runyon classification
Atypical myco Photo Scoto Non chromogens
189
Photochromogens
``` MASK Marinum (swimming pool granuloma) Asiaticus Simiae Kansasi ```
190
Scoto chromogens
SSG Szlugai Scrofula Gordonae
191
Non chromogens
AUX Avian complex (BATTEYS BACILLI) Ulcerans (BURULI ULCER) Xenopi
192
Rapid growers
``` FAPC Fortium Abscesses Phlei Cheloni ``` POST INJECTION ABSCESS
193
5% acid fast
M leprae
194
2 org not following Koch postulates
M Lep T pallidum ⬇️ Both grow on Nine banded armadillo Foot pad
195
Mc Ridley jopling in India
BT
196
Granulomas | Early nerve involvement
Paucibacillary
197
Luciophenomenon “periarteritis”
Leonine facies BB
198
Lepromin test reactions Type 1 Type 2
``` Type 1 Early FERNANDES (first) 3days “DOWNGRADING REACN” Type 4️⃣ Ulnar nerve and edema ➕ ``` ``` Type 2 Late MITSUDA (matte) 3 weeks “ENL” Type 3️⃣ Crops of painful nodules (TNF alpha 🥲) ```
199
Rx of lepra reacn
Glucocorticoids MEDICAL EMERGENCY 🆘 RISK OF IRRIVERSIBLE NERVE DAMAGE
200
Slit skin smear areas
Forehead BL earlobe’s Cheeks Buttocks
201
Obligate aerobe 1% Acid fast 💨 In SOIL Pulmonary involvement ➕
Nocardia | Pulmonary nocardiosis ➡️ Brain
202
``` Obligate anaerobe Non Acid fast Mouth commensal normally - oral actinomycosis - PID ```
Actinomyces ⬇️ Cannot be cultured
203
Triad Sinuses Swelling Sulphur granules ➡️ crushed and gives sun 🌞 ray ap
Mc actinomycetoma: Cervico facial
204
Actinomycete causing PID
Israeli
205
Cx by Paraffin bait technique
Nocardia - Asteroides - caviae
206
Doc nocardiosis
Cotrimoxazole
207
Doc actinomadura
Penicillin
208
GPCB coccibacilli Tumbling motility Peritrichous flagella
Listeria monocytogenes
209
PALCAM agar 🧫 BA CA
Listeria
210
Anton ➕ CAMP test Catalase ➕
Listeria
211
Listeria Cx into Rabbit 🐰 eyes ⬇️ Keratoconjunctivitis
Anton test
212
👶🏻 Granulomatous infantiseptica 👧🏻 meningitis 🤰🏻 chorioamnionitis ➡️ PROM 😷 immunocomp: sepsis
Listeriosis
213
Doc listeria
Ampicillin
214
GNB fam Catalase ➕ except 1 Oxidase ➖ Nitrate reduction ➕ Sugar fermentation ➕ acid and gas on Durham 🧪 Mostly motile except 3
Enterobactereaceae Catalase ➖ Shigella dys type 1 Non motile “ellas” Shigella Salmonella (gallinarum, pullorum) Klebsiella
215
``` IMViC ➕➕➖➖ ➖➖➕➕ Indole (kovac) Methyl red Vogues prauskuar Citrate ```
➕➕➖➖ E. coli | Klebsiella ➖➖➕➕
216
UTI Diarrhea Neonatal meningitis
E. coli
217
Virulent mannose resistant factor that can attach to uroepithelial cell
P fimbriae of Ecoli
218
Significant bacteruria on Std Loop + CLED
>10^5 /ml urine 10^4 - with symptoms Even 1 - suprapubic >2 - contaminated
219
Calc of Std loop for UTI ecoli
No of colonies (100) x Dilution factor (10^3) = 10^5
220
Pediatric age diarrhoea | Damages villi ➡️ effacing lesions
EPEC
221
Resembles Shigellosis VMA virulence marker Ag INVASIVE Sereny test ➕
EIEC
222
Traveller diarrhea Heat stable cGMP Heat labile cAMP
ETEC
223
``` O157:H7 sero type ⬇️ HUS Verotoxin 1&2 Cx on - Rainbow 🌈 agar 🧫 - SMAC sorbitol Mac conkey ```
EHEC/ VTEC Doest ferment sorbitol ❌
224
Persistent diarrhoea Some cases of traveller diarrhoea Stacked brick 🧱 ap on Hep2 cell line
EAEC
225
Mc neonatal meningitis
``` E. coli ⬇️ Klebsiella ⬇️ GBS ```
226
Mc emphysematous pyelonephritis
E. coli
227
Mc Scromboid fish 🐠 poisoning
Morganella ⬇️ E. coli
228
GNB Non-motile enterobac Urease ➕ (pink in 2 days)
Klebsiella
229
Urease ➕ organisms
``` Staff club mein urease program hain chalo Staph ➕ Klebsiella ➕ Morganella ➕ Urea plasma ➕ Proteus ➕➕➕ H pylori ➕➕➕➕➕ Cryptococcus neo (weak ➕) ```
230
Freidlander bacillus
Klebsiella pneumoniae ⬇️ Typical pneumonia
231
Red current jelly 🍮 | Bulging fissure on CXR
Klebsiella pneumoniae
232
Superbug NDM1 - New Delhi beta lactamase 1
Klebsiella MDR
233
GNB Swarming+ NLF Fishy odour on PPA (phenyl pyruvic acid) agar
Proteus
234
Methods to stop swarming of proteus
2% agar ➡️ 6% Boric acid Chloracne hydrate CLED
235
Dienes phenomenon
Proteus vulgaris vs P mirabilis
236
Dienes stain
Mycoplasma
237
Weil Felix reacn or | Heterophile agglutination
OX19, OX2 and OXK Ag 🔽 Non motile strains of proteus CROSS react with Ricketssias
238
Chronic UTI | Stag horn calculi in Alkaline ph
Proteus
239
Typhoid fever | Enteric fever 🥵
Typhoid - only S typhi Enteric - typhi ➕ paratyphi ABC Classification- koffman white scheme
240
Step ladder fever Rose 🌹 spots Longitudinal ulcer
Typhoid
241
Longitudinal ulcer Transverse ulcer Flask shape ulcer
Long -typhoid Transverse- TB Flask - amebiasis
242
Lab Dx typhoid
Week 1234 Test BASU Bone 🦴 1st > Blood 🩸 Overall best - Blood 🌹
243
Blood Cx in Typhoid
1:10 5ml blood 🩸 + 50ml Cx fluid + SPS - Bile broth or - glucose broth SPS - sod polyethanol sulphate REMOVES ABX EFFECT
244
Widal test principle
O and H Ag Somatic and Flagellar (1:200) 1:100 H - more immunogenicity ⬆️sensitivity ⬇️specificity ⬆️false ➕
245
Paired test for Widal
4 fold Ab rise over 2 weeks ⬇️ ➕
246
Selenite F broth | Tetrathionate broth
Enrichment media for salmonella
247
Best selective media for Salmonella
Wilson and Blair 💚 ⤵️ Jet black colonies ⚫️
248
DCA XLD SS HE
``` Selective media for Salmonella Deoxycholate Xxylose lysine deoxycholate Salmonella shigella Hektoen enteric ```
249
Chronic carrier for salmonella which sample to Cx
Gall bladder
250
O H Vi In salmonella
Vi- Ab for epidemiological typing with PHAGES ⤵️ ➖ BAD PROGNOSIS
251
Non salmonella typhi | Doc
S typhimurium: poultry ↪️ GE S enteritidis S cholerasius: sepsis Doc 3rd gen ceph
252
``` GNB Non motile Endo ➕ exotoxin Mannitol fermentation classification VMA ▶️ invasiveness ```
Shigella Mannitol fermentation ➕ A/e Shigella DYSSENTRIAE Catalase ➕ all except DYSSENTRIAE type 1
253
Endo ➕ exotoxin
Shigella Listeria Pseudomonas
254
Mc bacillary dyssentry in India | World
India - S flexnerri | World- Sony
255
Shigella with LLF Colicin based typing
S sonnei 📺
256
NO ❌ Tetrathionate Wilson and Blair
Shigella
257
Doc shigella
Ampicillin
258
Non fermenters
Pseudomonas Mallei Pseudomallei Acinetobacter baumanni
259
GNB Catalase Oxidase ➕
Pseudomonas
260
Alginic acid Endo toxin Exotoxin A&S
Pseudomonas virulence factors
261
Pyoverdin which pseudomonas
P aerogenosa
262
Pseudomonas pigment enrichment in which media
Kings media 👑
263
Best selective media for pseudomonas
Cetrimide agar
264
``` Shanghai fever Malignant otitis externa VAP Ecthyma gangrenosum UTI RTI Burns wound infection 50% ```
Pseudomonas Polymixin➕Colistin FQs
265
Whit morells bacilli 🦠 | Veitnam bomb 💣
Meliodosis
266
MDR isolate of ICU | Oxidase ➖
Acinetobacter baumanii
267
GNB Comma Tests- COINSS ➕
VIBRIO ``` Catalase Oxidase Indole Nitrate red String test Sucrose ```
268
Non agglutinate vibrios
Non O1 | 2-139
269
Classical O1 1. Mukherjee phage 2. Polymixin B sensitivity 3. Agglu of chick 🐣 embryo 4. Vogues proker (VP) 5. Camp test
``` Mukerjee- Phage 4 susceptible Polymixin - sensitive Agg 🐣 ❌ VP ➖ Camp ➖ ```
270
El tor 1. Mukherjee phage 2. Polymixin B sensitivity 3. Agglu of chick 🐣 embryo 4. Vogues proker (VP) 5. Camp test
``` Mukerjee - sensitive to Phage 5 Resistant to polymixin Agg chick 🐣 ✅ VP ➕ Camp ➕ ```
271
Cholera toxins
2A | 5B
272
Cholera A toxin
``` ADP ribosylation of GTP ⬇️ adenyl cyclase ➕ ⬇️ Increase CAMP ⬇️ Massive diarrhoea = As Rice 🍚 💦 ```
273
Cholera toxin B
GM1 ganglioside receptor ➕
274
String test
Stool ➕ Sod Deoxycholate ⬇️ Strings of vibro
275
Akaline peptone water | TCBS
Enrichment media | Vibrio
276
Best selective media for vibrio
``` TCBS Thiosulfate Citrate Bile salt Sucrose ``` Green ➡️ turns Yellow
277
Halophilic vibrios
7-8% parahemolyticus 8% vulnificus 10% alginolyticus
278
Sea food poising ➕ renal failure 😣
V parahemolyticus
279
Kanagawa phenomenon
On wagatsuma agar ⤵️ Enchanced beta hemolysis by Parahemolyticus
280
Chancroid Painful Soft sores LOVES CHOCOLATE 🍫 AGAR 🧫
H ducreyi
281
School of fish ap | Tram track ap
H ducreyi
282
Pfeffiers bacillus
H influenza
283
H influenza Capsulated Non capsulated
Capsulated - INVASIVE dis Meningitis Epiglottitis Non capsulated- Simple Sinusitis Otits media
284
H influenza Type b capsular polysaccharide
PRP/PRPP (biochem thingy) ⬇️ Hib
285
Levinthal filde agar 🧫
Blood agar Chocolate agar H influenza
286
Satellitism
On BA, H influenza grows close to Staph due to release of V&X
287
CSF refrigeration kills which bacteria
H influenza
288
Pink eyes | Brazillean purpuric fever
H aegypticus
289
HÁČEK
``` Hemophilus - parainfluenza, aprophilus, para aprophilus Actinobacillus. Aggregatibactor Cardiobacterium Eikenella Kingella ```
290
Immunodeficiency ➕ Culture neg endocarditis
HÁČEK
291
Ghee broth
Yersinia pestis
292
Stalactite type of growth
Y pestis
293
Cheopis index
Plague
294
IP of Bubonic plague Pneumonic Septicemic
Bubonic and Septicemic. 2-7d Pneumonic: 1-3d MOST DANGEROUS
295
Wayson stain
Bubo/blood smear ➕ this Stain ⬇️ BIPOLAR SAFETY PIN 🧷 PLAGUE
296
Undulent fever Malta fever Mediterranean fever
Brucella melitensis
297
``` Hosts BRUCELLA B melitensis B abortus B canis B sius ```
Melitensis. Sheep goat cattle Suis- pig Abortus cattle Canis dog 🐶 Meat 🍖 and milk 🥛 contamination
298
Castaneda method
``` Brucella Blood Cx (1:10) minimises contamination ```
299
Erythritol use in brucella
Stimulates growth of brucella on adding to Cx
300
Catalase ➕ Oxidase ➕ Urease ➕
Brucella
301
Best serological test for brucella
SAT | Standard agglutination test
302
Test for contaminated milk
Rose 🥀 Bengal Card test Milk 🥛 ring 💍 test Whey agglutination
303
100 day cough | Barking dog 🐕 cough
Bordetella pertussis ⬇️ Bordet gengou Regan love media
304
Bisected Pearl ap
Bordet gengou media ⬇️ Cough plate method
305
Stages of pertussis
Catarrhal 🦠 Paraoxysmal WHOOPS Convalescent recovers
306
Doc pertussis
Erythromycin
307
Pertussis toxoid Fimbrial hemagglutination Pertactin Agglutination 123
Acellular pertussis vaccine
308
2nd Aerosols in central AC | Mc: Drink contaminated water
Leigionella pneumophilia
309
Pontiac fever
Legionella
310
Atypical pneumonia + Encephalitis +diarrhoea
Legionarres disease
311
Acid fast Legionella
L micadeli also
312
BYCE | Buffered CHARCOAL yeast extract
Legionella Doc macrolides
313
Spirichaetes
T palladium Leptospira Borrelia
314
Dark ground microscopy
Reflected light used | Treponema
315
Painless Hard ulcer Painless LNpathy
Primary Syphillis
316
``` Rash over palms and soles Condyloma LATA (most infectious skin lesion) ```
Secondary Syphillis
317
Tabes dorsaljs GPI Aneurysm aorta - CVS syph
Tertiary Syphillis
318
Non treponema tests
VDRL | RPR
319
``` Needs 🔬 Costly Reconstituted fluid <24h used CSF ✅ Best test for Px of Syphillis (negative immediately after resolution :)) ```
VDRL
320
Card test for Syphillis Cheap Reconstituted fluid <24h used CSF/Neurosyph ❌
RPR
321
Treponemal tests
FTA ABS: First to come ➕ TPI TPPA TPHA routinely done
322
Most sensitive treponemal test
FTA ABS | First to come ➕
323
Most specific treponemal test
TPI ⬇️ Live so dangerous 💀
324
Cong Syphillis test to detect
IgM in FTA ABS
325
Non sexually transmitted: Pinta Yaws Endemic/BEJEL
Pinta Caratum 🥕 Yaws - Pertenue Endemic - endemicum
326
Relapsing fever Relapse due to Ag variation
Borrelia recurrentis | EPIDEMIC LOUSE
327
Endemic TICK relapsing
Borrelia duttoni | B hermesi
328
LYMES
Borrelia burgdorferi IXODID tick ⬇️ Erythema migrans
329
BSK Cx | Barbour stannour kelly
Borrelia burgdorferi
330
Vincent angina
GingiValis Trench mouth ⬇️ B Vincenti and fusiformis
331
Rainy Rice field Rat urine
Leptospirosis interrogans
332
Weils disease
L interrogans ⬇️ Icterohemorrhagic fever
333
EMJH media Fletcher Kortakoff
Leptospirosis
334
Best serological test
MAT | Microscopic agglutination test
335
``` Nat referral centres NRC Leptospira Cholera Salmonella Staph phage Samonella phage NCDC CDC ```
``` Leptospira: Port Blair Cholera: Kolkata Salmonella: Kasauli Staph phage: MAMC Samonella phage: Lady hardigne NCDC: Delhi CDC: Atlanta ```
336
Obligate intracellular Arthropod transmission Fever Rash LN pathy
Ricketssia
337
EPidemic typhus
R Prowezeki ⬇️ LICE
338
Endemic typhus
R thyphi ⬇️ FLEE
339
Rocky Mountain 🏔 spotted fever
Ricketsii ⬇️ TICK
340
Indian tick typhus | BOUTANEAUSE FEVER
R conori ⬇️ Tick
341
Ricketsiia pox
R akari ⬇️ Mite
342
Scrub typhus
Orientia tsutsugamushi ⬇️ Mite
343
Brill zinser disease
Epidemic typhus recrudescence
344
``` Weil felix OX19 OX2 OXK Epidemic typhus Endemic RMSF Scrub ```
``` OX19. OX2. OXK Epidemic ➕. ➕ Endemic. ➕. ➕ RMSF. ➕➕ ➕➕ Scrub. ➕➕ ```
345
Neil moser reaction or Tunica reaction
Diff Epidemic ➖ and Endemic ➕ Blood injected into peritoneal cavity of male gunia pig ➕ is inflammation or peritonitis
346
Doc ricketssia
Doxy
347
Q fever No rash No arthropod spread Aersosol spread ➕
Coxiella burneti
348
Killed by FLASH pasteurised
Coxiella burnetti
349
Culture neg endocarditis
Coxiella burnetti | HÁČEK
350
Bartonella sp
B henslae B bacilliformis B quintana
351
Oroya fever
Bartonella bacilliformis
352
Trench fever | Sometimes baccilaryangiomatosis
Bartonella quintana
353
Cat scratch disease | HIV - baccilaryangiomatosis
Bartonella henslae
354
Elementary body | Reticulate body
Chlamydia EB - Extracellular ⬇️ Infections RB- intracellular Replicating
355
Chlamydia ABC D-K L1,2,3
ABC - Trachoma D-K - Inclusional conj, Infantile pneumonia and Genital chlamydia L123- LGV
356
Bird pneumonia Parrots Aerosols
Psittacosis
357
Adult pneumonia Atherosclerosis Asthma
C pneumoniae
358
HProwazek LCL Miyagawa
Hp - trachoma LCL- Psittacosis MIYAGAWA ➖LGV
359
IOC chlamydia
NAAT PCR
360
Mc coy cell line
Chlamydia
361
Freis test
LGV
362
ESTAIOMENE
``` L2>1 Painless ulcer with Painful LN PARARECTAL LN ⬇️ PARARECTAL/ vuvlval strictures ```
363
Eaton agent
Mycoplasma
364
No cell wall CM - sterols Passes through bac filters
Mycoplasma
365
PPLO agar
Cx for mycoplasma
366
Fried egg ap
On PPLO | For mycoplasma
367
Dienes staining
Done for mycoplasma
368
Walking pneumonia | Mc atypical pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumonia
369
Most sensitive test for mycoplasma
CAT | Cold agglutination test
370
CAT SAT on a MAT
MBL Mary Beats her Lambs CAT mycoplasma SAT brucella MAT leptospirosis
371
NGU
CUM Chlamydia trachomatis Ureaplasma Mycoplasma GENITALIUM HOMINIS
372
Swimming pool conj | Fitz Hugh
C trachomatis
373
``` Microaerophilic GNB Motile with MICROFLAGELLA Gull wing Contaminated poultry - diarrhoea ```
C jejuni
374
Fecal leukocytes in stools
Inflammatory diarrhea ⬇️ C jejuni
375
Butzler media SKIRROW Campy BAP
Charcoal based for C jejuni
376
GBS which bacillus
Children - C jejuni diarrhoea
377
GNB Microaerophilic Motile Strongly UREASE ➕
H pylori
378
PUD MALToma Ca stomach
H pylori
379
BV organisms
Gardnerella vag Mobiluncus Prevotella
380
Rat bite fever
SPIRILLUM minus
381
Haverhill fever
Streptobacillus monoliformis
382
Donovanosis
Donovan bodies ⬇️ Safety pin 🧷 Callymatobacter
383
GNB Obligate anaerobe Normal gut commensal Brain abscess in immunocomp
Bactericides fragilis
384
Human bite
Eikenella | Anaerobic strep
385
Cat and dog bite
Pasteruella
386
Human monocytic ehrichichiosis
Ehrichia caffenensis Ricketssia

Neet Rank 8 (30 decks)

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