Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neet Rank 8 > Virus > Flashcards

Virus Flashcards

1
Q

DNA virus

Enveloped

A

HHP
Hepadna (Hep B)
Herpes (1-8)
Pox (a/e chicken pox, vaccinia Variola MC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

DNA

Non enveloped

A

PAP
Papova (HPV, JC, SV40)
Adeno
Parvo (B19)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Smallest overall

A

Parvo B19

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pox symmetry

A

Only virus with Complex symmetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RNA enveloped

A

RFT
Retro (HIV, HTLV)
Flavi (HepC)
Toga (chikunginia, rubella)

Arena - lassa 
Bunya - hanta 
Orthomyxo - influenza 
Paramyxo LARGEST RNA
Rhabdo Rabies 
Filo ebola 
Corona 
Delta - HepD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Largest virus overall

A

Pox virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q 
KFD 
JE
Dengue 
Yellow fever 
Zika 
HEP C
A

Arbovirus 🦔
⬇️
FLAVI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

RNA non enveloped

A

PCR
Picorna SMALLEST RNA Hep A Polio
Calci - Hep E
Reo - rota

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Picorna

  • Entero
  • Rhino
A

Entero -
Polio
Cocksackie
Hep A

Rhino 🤷🏻‍♀️

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

RNA or DNA

RNA and DNA

A

Or VIRUS

And BACTERIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Symmetry is given by?

A

Capsid (protein) around the NA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Icosahedral

A

HH
PAP
RFT
PCR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Complex

A

Pox and

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Helical

A

Extra enveloped RNA list

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Segmented virus

A 
RAMBO 
Rota/reo 11 - HIGHEST 
Adeno 2 
M
Bunya 3 
Orthomyxo 8

Rest ALL non segmented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ds RNA

A

Reovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ss DNA

A

Parvo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

All have linear NA except helical NA by?

A

DNA

  • Hep B
  • HPV

RNA

  • Arena
  • Bunya
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

HA - hemagglutination

NA - elution by binding to SIALIC ACID RS ON RBC

A 
HA - all virus 
NA - IMP
Influenza 
Parainfluenza 
Mumps
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

RNA negative 🎞 sense strand

A 
Arena 
Bunya 
Orthomyxo 
Paramyxovirus 
Rhabdo 
Filo
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Intranuclear
Intracytoplasmic
Both

A

Intranuclear COWDRY
Intracytoplasmic CPR
Both MEASELS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Intranuclear

A

HAY BAP

Cowdry A - Herpes and Yellow fever
B - Adeno and Picorna/polio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Intra cytoplasmic

A

CPR
Chlamydia
Pox
Rabies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Torres bodies

A

Yellow fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Owl eye 👁
CMV
26
Lipshutz
HSV
27
Paschen
Variola
28
Guarneri
Vaccinia
29
HPaterson
MC
30
Bollinger
Fowl pox
31
Warthin finkedly
MEASELS
32
Negri
Rabies
33
``` Adsorption Penetration Uncoating - reveals NA Biosynthesis Assembly Mature Release ```
Steps of viral replication
34
``` Penetration via Endocytosis Pino Phagocytosis EXCEPT ```
Hiv - membrane fusion | Bacteriophage - never enters
35
Release by Lysis Budding
Lysis - non enveloped | Budding - enveloped (HOST DERIVED )
36
Animal inoculation Embryonated egg Cx Tissue Cx
Viral culture methods NEED LIVE CELLS Animal inoculation MICE mc Embryonated egg Cx Tissue Cx MC
37
Sucking mice - cerebral - foot pad
Cerebral - Coxsackie A - flaccid paralysis B - spastic Foot pad - Mleprae
38
Parts of embryonated egg
Yolk sac Amniotic cavity Allantois (C shape) CAM
39
CAM
HSV | Pox mc
40
Allantois | Amniotic cavity
Influenza | Mumps
41
Yolk sac
HSV Arbo Chlamydia Ricketssia
42
Vaccines cultured in
Allantoic cavity
43
Allantoic cavity (large)
YIR Yellow fever Influenza Rabies
44
Tissue culture - organ Cx - explant - cell Cx
- organ Cx Tracheal ring - explant Minced adenoid - cell Cx mc •primary •diploid •continuous
45
Chick embryo fibroblast 🐥 Rhesus monkey 🐒 kidney Human embryonic kidney
Primary cell Cx
46
Human diploid fibroblast (lung )
Diploid cell Cx Lung WI38 MRC5
47
``` Hela Hep 2 Mc coy BHK Vero MC ```
Continuous cell line
48
African green monkey 🐒 kidney cells
Vero
49
Detection of viral growth
Cytopatho effect Viral interference (one virus with another) IF
50
CPE of Entero
Rapid crenation
51
CPE of MEASELS
Syncitium formation
52
CPE of HSV
Ballooning of cells
53
CPE of SV40
Vacuolation
54
CPE of adeno
Grape like clusters 🍇 | GRANULOMA CLUMPS
55
Virions vs Viroids
Virions - infectious virus Viroid- plants 🪴 infections
56
Viral assay Quantal Quantitative
Quantal - presence or absence EM PCR HA QUANTITATIVE- exact no of virions POCK - CAM PLAQUE - Tissue Cx Monolayer Cx
57
Types of interferons
iF- cytokines (human proteins) Host specific not virus 🦠 specific Type 1 INF alpha and beta 2 INF gamma 3 no name
58
INF alfa - leukocytes | INF beta - fibroblasts
Innate immunity | Both TYPE 1
59
INF alpha and beta MOA
``` Induces host cell ⬇️ TIPS translational inhibition proteins ⬇️ Aborts disease ```
60
Acquired immunity
5-7 days to develop Ab ⬇️ Activated T cells INF gamma Type 2
61
IgM disappears in
5-6 months
62
``` INF Alfa and beta ⬇️ Stimulate NK cells ⬇️ INF gamma ```
🧗🏻‍♀️
63
Virus infects SPECIFIC bacteria
Bacteriophage via bacterial identification C diph Transduction
64
Phage cycles
Phage injects Nucleic acid ⬇️ 1. Lysogenic 2. Lytic
65
NA of phage incorporated into bac as prophage ⬇️ Bacteria has property of phage
Lysogenic conversion
66
12 Live vaccines
BCG, OPV, Rota and MMR Small pox, Chicken pox, typhoid and cholera Flavi😷: JE, Dengue FDA ❌, yellow fever, influenza (intranasal spray)
67
Culex (2)
JE | FILARIA
68
Quadrivalent Penta Hexa ?
Quad- DPT and Hib Penta - DPT Hib and Hep B Hexa - Rota
69
Aedes aegypticus > albopictus
Dengue Yellow fever Chikunguinia Zika
70
``` Hep A Family Stability Enveloped Symmetry Genome Age Route IP Onset Complication Chronicity Carrier state Rx ```
``` Family PICORNA Stability STABLE Enveloped NON Symmetry ICOSA Genome SS LINEAR NON SEGMENTED RNA Age YOUNG ADULTS AND CHILDREN Route FECO ORAL IP 15-45 Onset ACUTE Complication NO Chronicity NO Carrier state NO Rx SYMPTOMATIC ```
71
Hep B ``` Family Stability Enveloped Symmetry Genome Age Route IP Onset Complication Chronicity Carrier state Rx ```
``` Family HEPADNA Stability LABILE Enveloped ENVELOPED Symmetry ICOSA Genome DS DNA CURCULAR Age ALL AGES Route BBB IP 3m Onset GRADUAL Complication YES/HCC Chronicity YES Carrier state YES Mc Rx Peg INF and LAMI ```
72
Hep C ``` Family Stability Enveloped Symmetry Genome Age Route IP Onset Complication Chronicity Carrier state Rx ```
``` Family FLAVI Stability LABILE Enveloped ENVELOPED Symmetry ICOSA Genome SS LINEAR RNA Age ALL AGES Route BBB IP 3m Onset GRADUAL Complication CRYOGLOBULINEMIA Chronicity YES Carrier state YES Rx Protease inhibitors ```
73
Hep D ``` Family Stability Enveloped Symmetry Genome Age Route IP Onset Complication Chronicity Carrier state Rx ```
``` Family DELTA Stability LABILE Enveloped YES Symmetry HELICAL Genome SS LINEAR RNA Age ALL Route BBB IP 3m Onset GRADUAL Complication HCC Chronicity YES Carrier state YES Rx hep B ```
74
Hep E ``` Family Stability Enveloped Symmetry Genome Age Route IP Onset Complication Chronicity Carrier state Rx ```
``` Family CALCI Stability STABLE Enveloped NON Symmetry ICOSA Genome SS LINEAR RNA Age YOUNG ADULTS Route FECO ORAL IP 1m Onset ABRUPT Complication NO Chronicity NO Carrier state NO Rx SYMPTOMATIC ```
75
Only cultivable Hep virus
Hep A
76
IOC for Hep A
IgM Not PCR ❌ (Hep C ✅)
77
S gene P gene X gene C gene
S gene Pre S1 Pre s2 and S P gene LARGEST X gene HCC C gene 🧬 Pre c and C Pre c - HbEAg
78
Spherical particle
HbSAg Filamentous particle identical to this
79
Dane particle
Hbsag ➕ hbeag ➕ hbcag
80
Sero types of Hep B in India
Mc - adr and ayw ``` Others Adw Ayr Adr Ayw ``` Daw Ray dar way (the radar way)
81
Qualitative and quantitative Hep B markers
Quality- Hbeag | Quantitative- hbv copy number
82
1st to appear epi marker
HbSAg
83
Easy to detect epi marker
Anti hbc IgM
84
Hep B immunisation
0,3,6
85
Mc indication of liver transplant
HCC
86
HHV1
HSV 1 | Above umbilicus - orofacial
87
HHV 2
HSV 2 mc below umbilicus 70% genitals Mc than HSV 1
88
HHV 3
VZV 10% chicken pox 90% reactivation Herpes zoster/shingles
89
HHV 4
EBV | IMN
90
HHV 5
CMV mc torCh Mc post transplant
91
HHV 6
HBLV 6th disease Exanthema subutum
92
HHV 7
RK virus
93
HHV 8
Kaposi sarcoma
94
Sporadic encephalitis Temporal lobe MOLLARET MENINGITIS WHITLOW
HSV 1
95
CNS # children Resp tract # adults - pneumonia Preg - Fetal varicella syndrome (lips 💋 hypoplasia)
Chicken pox
96
No complication after which herpes
HSV 2
97
Latency HSV 1 2 VZV
HSV 1- orofacial so Trigeminal HSV 2 - dorsal root or sacral ganglia VZV - both Trigeminal - herpes zoster or shingles Geniculate - Ramsay hunt Sacral
98
Dx of herpes
Tzanck smear ⬇️ Multinucleate giant cells
99
Preg mom infection with herpes 2-0-5 days peri partum Rx?
Baby VZIG VZV oka vaccine
100
Atypical lymphocytosis
IMN EBV
101
``` EBV receptors CD21 CR 2 LMP 1 EBNA 2 ```
CR 2 - in infected cell | LMP and EBNA - malig transform
102
``` Nasopharyngeal CA Gastric CA Lymphoma Oral hairy leukoplakia DUNCAN SYNDROME ```
LMP1 and EBNA 2 ⬇️ EBV
103
B cell lymphoma
Hodgkins Burkitts CNS lymphoma
104
Heterophile Ab | Sharing epitopes of Ag of 2 diff virus (EBV and Sheep)
Paul bunnel test
105
IMN/ atypical lymphocytes Paul bunnel ➖ Mc post transplant Mc immunocomp
CMV
106
Small pox vaccine by ?
Edward Jenner
107
Pearly white umbilicated lesion
Molluscum contagiosum MCV1 mc MCV 2 - STD 3,4
108
Cervical cancer HPV | Genital warts
16, 18, 31,38,48 6,11
109
Cervarix | Gardasil
Cervarix - 16.18 Gardasil- 6.11.16.18 0,2,6
110
Adeno | RTI children
1,2,5,6
111
Adeno 4,7
ARDS
112
Adeno 3,7,14
Acute follicular conjunctivitis
113
Adeno 11,21
Hemorrhagic cystitis
114
Adeno 40,41
Diarrhoea
115
Parvo - normal and healthy - immunocomp - preg
Normal - Children - 5th disease (ery infectiosum) Adults - Joints # Immunocomp- Aplastic anemia, sickle cell, hemolysis Preg - non immune hydrops
116
Simian virus Chimpanzees Central Africa CD-R Congo More virulent
HIV 1
117
Simian SOOTY MAGABAY West Africa Resistant to NNRTI
HIV 2
118
Gag gene
P18 - shell 🐚 P24 - core P15
119
Pol gene
3 enzymes ♾ Polymerase RT Integrase
120
Tat / tex HIV HTLV Vpx HIV 2 Vpu HIV 1 Others vpr, vif, rev, nef.
Non structural genes
121
HIV receptors
CD 4 Ccr5 - resistant to HIV Cxcr4
122
Sequence of HIV replication
RNA DNA DNA RNA
123
Acute IMN | Glandular fever, kissing disease
Acute hiv syndrome
124
Opportunistic CNS hiv
Cryptococcosis meningitis
125
Opp eye infection hiv
CMV retinitis mc | Candida endoph
126
Oral hiv opp inf
Candidiasis mc | Hairy leukoplakia
127
Window period 3w-3m no Ab in this stage. Tested via ?
Ag detection P24 NA PCR
128
Reservoir : Rats and squirrels 🐿 Amplifier - Monkeys Vector - hard tick
KFD
129
``` Reservoir - birds ducks and heron Amplifier - Pig Vector - culex 5-15 years <15 days ```
JE Live - SA14142 Killed - Beijing and nakayama
130
Iceberg phenomenon which virus 1:1000
JE | Polio
131
A aegypticus Den 2 most virulent 1-5 5 strains
Dengue
132
Saddle back Break bone 🍖 fever Rash LN pathy
Classical dengue fever
133
Mechanism of complication DHF DSS
ADE Ab dependent enhancement Macrophage protects the new Ag that’s bound to old Ab
134
Thrombocytopenia (<1 lakh) Raised hematocrit (>20%) Tourniquet test (>20) Spontaneous bleeds
Dengue
135
Dengue Most specific Most sensitive Most accurate(sensitive +Specific) 🏅 std
Most specific - NS1 Most sensitive MAC ELISA Most accurate(sensitive +Specific) Neutralisation test
136
Yellow fever Congo CF Zika
Flavi
137
Adult - Guillian barre | Baby - microcephalic
Zika
138
Mutation in EI A 226 V Dx - MAC ELISA
Chuckunginua
139
German measles | FORSHEIMER SPOTS in soft palate
Rubella
140
Early CRS | Late CRS
Early - triad SNHL, PDA and SALT AND PEPPER Late - no Cong. Only blue berry muffin rash
141
Live mr strain
RA 27/3
142
Entero virus in picorna ⤵️ All cause aseptic meningitis 🧠
``` Poilio Cocksackie a and b Echo Entero 70 Hep A ```
143
Entero virus 72
Hep A
144
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
Entero virus 70
145
Picorna | Muscle diseases
Cocksackie B
146
Picorna | Herp angina and Hand foot and mouth
Cocksackie A
147
Wild - Type 1 VDPV - 2 VAPP - 3
Polio
148
Earliest change in polio
Chromatolysis | Degen of nissl granules
149
Polio Mc muscle 1st muscle Only muscle affected in hand
Mc muscle - Quadriceps 1st - tibialis anterior Hand - opponens pollicis
150
Herd immunity %?
66%
151
Cart wheel 3 layer capsid 11 segments ds RNA
Rota Live oral - intussusception Mc sero type - G1P8
152
H1N1 - swine H3N2 seasonal flu H5N1 avian or bird flu MC - pandemic - pneumonia
Influenza A humans
153
Rye syndrome GI symptoms Epidemic
Influenza B
154
Endemic | No complications
Influenza c
155
Ag Shift
Sudden change ⤵️ Genetic 🧬 recombination PANDAMIC
156
Ag Drift
GraDual change ⤵️ Point mutation Endemic
157
Gold std Dx influenza
Neutralisation
158
Genetic recombination of 4 strains 2 swine 1 human 1 bird
Pandemic H1N1 strain
159
Free from rabies
Australia Andaman and Nicobar All except MICE
160
Never a viremia
Rabies ⤵️ Neurotropic (3mm/h)
161
``` Isolated from naturally infected person Pathogenic Encephalitis IP>1wk Negri bodies ➕Hippo and cerebellum ```
Street virus | Wild polio
162
Serially intracerebral passage in rabbit 🐇 Non path Encephalitis <1wk No negri
Fixed virus
163
Antemortem rabies Dx | Post mortem
Saliva parotid Corneal smear Skin form nape of neck CSF Post - brain bx
164
Bleeding 🩸 in animal bite
Cat 3 | Wound ➕ RIG ➕ ARV
165
Cat 2
Wound ➕ ARV
166
Adult sheep brain | Sucking mice brain
Neural ARV
167
Egg based - duck/chick Tissue Cx - primary chick embryo, HDCV, vero cell Recombinant subunit
Non neural rabies
168
Essen
IM 0.3.7.14.21/28 11111
169
Thai Red Cross
ID 0.3.7.21/28 2222
170
Pre ex Px
0.3.7.14.21/28 | 1-0-1-0-1
171
Pre ➕ post ex Px
0.3.7.14.21/28 | 1-1-1-0-0
172
Filamentous structure | Fruit bats
Ebola

Neet Rank 8 (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions