Balanced diet

Question 1

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 1

Diet that contains adequate amounts of all necessary nutrients from all the food groups required for healthy growth. In the correct proportions

Question 2

Why do we need the energy from our food?

Answer 2

It contains useful nutrients that nourish our bodies, healthy, growth

Question 3

What does a balanced diet contain a balance of?

Answer 3

Proteins, carbohydrates, fats and lipids, dairy, fruits and vegetables, vitamins, minerals, fibre and water

Question 4

Name the five food groups

Answer 4

1. Carbohydrates/grains
2. Dairy
3. Meat/protein
4. Fruit/vegetables
5. Fats/oils (lipids)

Question 5

Name examples of carbohydrates

Answer 5

Bread and cereal

Question 6

Name examples of dairy

Answer 6

Milk, cheese and yoghurt

Question 7

Name examples of meat

Answer 7

Beef, chicken, fish and beans

Question 8

Name examples of fruit or vegetables

Answer 8

Carrots, corn and banana

Question 9

Name examples of fats and oils

Answer 9

Peanuts, avocado, butyer

Question 10

Is water a nutrient? Why is it important?

Answer 10

It is not a nutrient but it is essential for survival

Question 11

Why is water important?

Answer 11

• Most of the body is water
• Chemical reactions take place in water
• Assists with digestion
• Acts as a solvent for nutrients, water and gas
Transports nutrients and waste products

Question 12

Define solvent

Answer 12

Liquid in which substances are dissolved to form a solution

Question 13

What are the sources of carbohydrates?

Answer 13

Sugars such as fruits and vegetables.

Starch such as bread, grains, pasta and rice

Question 14

What are the functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 14

• Provides energy to the body
• Glucose is broken down during cellular respiration, which releases energy
• Almost all foods contain carbs

Question 15

What are the sources of proteins?

Answer 15

1. Meat such as fish, chicken, red meat
2. Lentils and nuts
3. Beans
4. Dairy

Question 16

What is the function of proteins?

Answer 16

• Builds up and repairs cells, which is used for growth

* Builds part of the cell membranes

Question 17

What are the types of fats?

Answer 17

Saturated and unsaturated

Question 18

What are saturated fats?

Answer 18

• It is animal based
• Solid at room temperature
• It is the worst type of fat
  For examples bacon and butter

Question 19

What is unsaturated fats?

Answer 19

• Plant based
• Liquid at room temperature
• Better type of fat
  For example olive oil and sunflower oil

Question 20

What is the role of fats?

Answer 20

• Forms part of the cell membrane
• Good source of stored energy
• Protects organs such as the eye and kidney
• Fat layer under the skin to insulate the body against cold
• Helps with absorption of fat soluble vitamins

Question 21

What are vitamins?

Answer 21

Compounds that are needed in small amounts. Every vitamin has a different function

Question 22

What is vitamin A?

Answer 22

Important for good eye sight

Question 23

What are the sources of vitamin A?

Answer 23

Carrots, yellow rice, liver and butter

Question 24

What is vitamin C?

Answer 24

Important for a healthy immune system

Question 25

What are the sources of vitamin C?

Answer 25

Citrus fruit, tomatoes, guava, berries and green vegetables

Question 26

What is vitamin E?

Answer 26

Acts as an antioxidant. It protects the cells

Question 27

What are sources of vitamin E?

Answer 27

Spinach, egg, whole wheat bread and avocado

Question 28

What are minerals?

Answer 28

Compounds needed in small amounts. every mineral has a different function. Calcium and iron

Question 29

What is the importance of calcium?

Answer 29

* Builds up strong bones and teeth * Assist with blood clotting * working of heart muscle and nerves

Question 30

What are the sources of calcium?

Answer 30

Milk, cheese, yoghurt, broccoli and spinach

Question 31

What is the importance of iron?

Answer 31

* Required for the production of red blood cells | * Responsible for transportation of oxygen

Question 32

What are the sources of iron?

Answer 32

Red meats, fish, poultry, raisins, legume and liver

Question 33

What is a balanced plate?

Answer 33

Question 34

What is fibre found in?

Answer 34

Found in fruits and vegetables (fresh) and some grains (whole wheat bread)

Question 35

Why are herbivores able to digest fibre?

Answer 35

They have an additional stomach to digest it

Question 36

What are the functions of fibre?

Answer 36

* Absorbs water to help move nutrients in the alimentary canal * Adds bulk to contents helps in movement of food * Prevents constipation

Question 37

Why can't the human body digest fibre?

Answer 37

Good your body cannot digest as the body does not have the means to digest it (stays whole)