Basic Components of living system

Question 1

What is a dry mount?

Answer 1

Solid secimins are views as a whole or cut in slices

Question 2

What is a wet mount?

Answer 2

Specimens are suspended in a liquid

Question 3

What is squash slides?

Answer 3

The sample is squished between two slides

Question 4

What is smear slides?

Answer 4

edge of a slide used to smear the sample creating a thin even coating

Question 5

How do you calculate magnification?

Answer 5

size of image / actual size of object

Question 6

What is magnification?

Answer 6

how many times larger the image is than the actual size of the object

Question 7

What is resolution?

Answer 7

The ability to see individual objects as separate entities

Question 8

What are the two types of cells?

Answer 8

Eukaryota and Prokarytic

Question 9

What are prokaryotic?

Answer 9

It is a singled cells organism

Question 10

What is a Eukaryota?

Answer 10

It is a multi cellular organism

Question 11

What does the nucleus contain and its function?

Answer 11

Contain code of genetic information
Controls metabolic activities
It controls the activities within cell

Question 12

What is a nucleolus?

Answer 12

This is responsible for production, composed of proteins and RNA

Question 13

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 13

It is the site of aerobic respiration

It is the organelle where most ATP is made

Question 14

What is the function of a cell surface membrane (plasma membrane) and where is it found?

Answer 14

This controls which substances enter and leave the cell.
It also acts as a hormone receptor
It is found on the surface of animal cells and under the cell wall on plant cells.

Question 15

What is the function of vesicles and where are they found?

Answer 15

A small fluid filled sac used to store and transport substances
They can be found anywhere in the cell

Question 16

What is the functions of lysosomes?

Answer 16

They contain digestive enzymes, used to break down waste.

Question 17

What is the function of a cytoskeleton?

Answer 17

In all eukaryotic cells, network of fibres, important for shape and stability of the cell

Question 18

What is the function of microfilaments?

Answer 18

Cells movement in cytokinesis

Question 19

What is the function of microtubles?

Answer 19

Determines shape of cell

Question 20

What is the function of a flagella?

Answer 20

It is use to enable cell mobility and detecting chemical changes

Question 21

What is the function of cilia?

Answer 21

Small hair like structures found on the surface membrane. The microtubules allow the cilia to move.

Question 22

What is the function of the smooth endoplasic reticulum?

Answer 22

Sythesisies and processes lipids

Question 23

What is the function of the rough endoplasic reticulum?

Answer 23

Has ribosomes bound to the surface, it is used for systheis and transport of protiens

Question 24

What is the function of the golgi apparatus?

Answer 24

This modifies and packages proteins and lipids into vesicles. Also produces lysosomes.

Question 25

What is the function of cellulose in the cell wall?

Answer 25

It keeps the plants rigid structure which supports plant cells

Question 26

What is the function of a vacuole within a plant?

Answer 26

It contains sap, it maintains turgor so contents push against the cell wall maintained a rigid framework surrounded by a tonoplast

Question 27

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer 27

Site of photosynthesis

Question 28

What are the characteristics of a light microscope

Answer 28

Maximum resolution of 0.2nm Magnification of x1500 Can use dead or living samples

Question 29

What are some advantages and disadvantages of light microscopes?

Answer 29

+ Cheap and easy to use + Dont distort image - Not very powerful - Cant see 3D or inside cells

Question 30

What are the characteristics of a Laser scanning co focal microscope?

Answer 30

Special type of light microscope | Multiple images are produced combined to create a 3D image

Question 31

What are the characteristics of a transition electron microscope?

Answer 31

Uses electromagnets to focus beam of electrons used to produce 2D images. Resolution of 0.002um Magnification of x1,000,000

Question 32

What are some advantages and disadvantages of transition electron microscopes?

Answer 32

+ very high resolution + show internal structures of an organelle - specimens need to be thinly sliced distorting them - expensive and need to be installed

Question 33

What are the characteristics of a scanning electron microscope?

Answer 33

Produces 3D images but scanning an electron beam across the specimen Resolutions of 0.002um Magnification of 500,000