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OCR A Biology > Basic Components of living system > Flashcards

Basic Components of living system Flashcards

1
Q

What is a dry mount?

A

Solid secimins are views as a whole or cut in slices

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2
Q

What is a wet mount?

A

Specimens are suspended in a liquid

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3
Q

What is squash slides?

A

The sample is squished between two slides

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4
Q

What is smear slides?

A

edge of a slide used to smear the sample creating a thin even coating

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5
Q

How do you calculate magnification?

A

size of image / actual size of object

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6
Q

What is magnification?

A

how many times larger the image is than the actual size of the object

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7
Q

What is resolution?

A

The ability to see individual objects as separate entities

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8
Q

What are the two types of cells?

A

Eukaryota and Prokarytic

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9
Q

What are prokaryotic?

A

It is a singled cells organism

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10
Q

What is a Eukaryota?

A

It is a multi cellular organism

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11
Q

What does the nucleus contain and its function?

A

Contain code of genetic information
Controls metabolic activities
It controls the activities within cell

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12
Q

What is a nucleolus?

A

This is responsible for production, composed of proteins and RNA

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13
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

It is the site of aerobic respiration

It is the organelle where most ATP is made

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14
Q

What is the function of a cell surface membrane (plasma membrane) and where is it found?

A

This controls which substances enter and leave the cell.
It also acts as a hormone receptor
It is found on the surface of animal cells and under the cell wall on plant cells.

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15
Q

What is the function of vesicles and where are they found?

A

A small fluid filled sac used to store and transport substances
They can be found anywhere in the cell

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16
Q

What is the functions of lysosomes?

A

They contain digestive enzymes, used to break down waste.

17
Q

What is the function of a cytoskeleton?

A

In all eukaryotic cells, network of fibres, important for shape and stability of the cell

18
Q

What is the function of microfilaments?

A

Cells movement in cytokinesis

19
Q

What is the function of microtubles?

A

Determines shape of cell

20
Q

What is the function of a flagella?

A

It is use to enable cell mobility and detecting chemical changes

21
Q

What is the function of cilia?

A

Small hair like structures found on the surface membrane. The microtubules allow the cilia to move.

22
Q

What is the function of the smooth endoplasic reticulum?

A

Sythesisies and processes lipids

23
Q

What is the function of the rough endoplasic reticulum?

A

Has ribosomes bound to the surface, it is used for systheis and transport of protiens

24
Q

What is the function of the golgi apparatus?

A

This modifies and packages proteins and lipids into vesicles. Also produces lysosomes.

25
Q

What is the function of cellulose in the cell wall?

A

It keeps the plants rigid structure which supports plant cells

26
Q

What is the function of a vacuole within a plant?

A

It contains sap, it maintains turgor so contents push against the cell wall maintained a rigid framework surrounded by a tonoplast

27
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

Site of photosynthesis

28
Q

What are the characteristics of a light microscope

A

Maximum resolution of 0.2nm
Magnification of x1500
Can use dead or living samples

29
Q

What are some advantages and disadvantages of light microscopes?

A

+ Cheap and easy to use
+ Dont distort image
- Not very powerful
- Cant see 3D or inside cells

30
Q

What are the characteristics of a Laser scanning co focal microscope?

A

Special type of light microscope

Multiple images are produced combined to create a 3D image

31
Q

What are the characteristics of a transition electron microscope?

A

Uses electromagnets to focus beam of electrons used to produce 2D images.
Resolution of 0.002um
Magnification of x1,000,000

32
Q

What are some advantages and disadvantages of transition electron microscopes?

A

+ very high resolution
+ show internal structures of an organelle
- specimens need to be thinly sliced distorting them
- expensive and need to be installed

33
Q

What are the characteristics of a scanning electron microscope?

A

Produces 3D images but scanning an electron beam across the specimen
Resolutions of 0.002um
Magnification of 500,000

OCR A Biology (6 decks)

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