Basic Elements of Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Study of the structure of an organism

Answer 1

anatomy

Question 2

study of the function of a living organism and its components

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

5 systems of verbal communication

Answer 3

nervous, respiratory, articulatory-resonatory, auditory, phonatory

Question 4

system that makes up the structures of the face, mouth, and nose

Answer 4

articulatory-resonatory

Question 5

system that includes the larynx and resonatory system

Answer 5

phonatory system

Question 6

______ ______ are often named by the insertion and origin of the tissue (where it begins and ends)

Answer 6

connective tissues

Question 7

towards the head

Answer 7

superior/rostral

Question 8

towards the feet

Answer 8

inferior/caudal

Question 9

towards the body

Answer 9

proximal

Question 10

away from the body

Answer 10

distal

Question 11

towards the middle

Answer 11

medial

Question 12

away from the middle/to the side

Answer 12

lateral

Question 13

towards the front of the body

Answer 13

anterior/ventral

Question 14

towards the back of the body

Answer 14

posterior/dorsal

Question 15

dividing the body in left and right parts (between the eyes)

Answer 15

sagittal plane

Question 16

dividing the body from front to back (cutting off whole face)

Answer 16

coronal plane

Question 17

Divides the upper and lower parts (eyes in one half, mouth in the other)

Answer 17

Horizontal plane

Question 18

term meaning “confined to the surface”

Answer 18

superficial

Question 19

term meaning “closer to the central axis of the body”

Answer 19

deep

Question 20

term meaning “lying on the belly”

Answer 20

prone

Question 21

term meaning “lying on the back”

Answer 21

supine

Question 22

term meaning “chest region”

Answer 22

thorax

Question 23

term meaning “the region that houses the digestive organs”

Answer 23

abdomen

Question 24

term meaning “the combination of the thorax and the abdomen”

Answer 24

Trunk/torso

Question 25

four types of tissues

Answer 25

epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

Question 26

The superficial layer of mucous membranes and the cells that make up the skin

Answer 26

epithelial tissue

Question 27

Binds together and supports tissues and organs - provides structure

Answer 27

Connective tissue

Question 28

type of connective tissue that includes areolar tissue (adipose and lymphoid) and fibrous tissue (binds structures together)

Answer 28

Connective Tissue Proper

Question 29

type of connective tissue that includes hyaline, fibrocartilage, and yellow (elastic) cartilage

Answer 29

cartilage

Question 30

type of connective tissue that does not contain tissue and has plasma and blood cells

Answer 30

blood

Question 31

the hardest form of connective tissue

Answer 31

bone

Question 32

Type of tissue that can contract

Answer 32

muscular tissue

Question 33

classification of muscular tissue that is attached to bones and allows movement

Answer 33

voluntary striated muscle (skeletal muscle)

Question 34

classification of muscular tissue located in various internal structures including the digestive tract, uterus, and arteries

Answer 34

Involuntary smooth muscle

Question 35

classification of muscular tissue that is specific to the heart

Answer 35

cardiac muscle

Question 36

Type of tissue that regulates and controls bodily functions and activity

Answer 36

nervous/neural tissue

Question 37

proves a protective barrier, keeping whatever it is covering from seeping out and foreign materials from getting in. lines nearly all the cavities of the body and the tubes that connect them

Answer 37

epithelial tissue

Question 38

hairlike projections that can cause currents or waves in fluids and can help to move things in the body

Answer 38

cilia

Question 39

Cilia may be present in what type of tissue

Answer 39

epithelial tissue

Question 40

epithelial tissues are generally classified by the shape of their cells into what 4 categories

Answer 40

simple squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, pseudostratified

Question 41

term that means "membrane that surrounds organs"

Answer 41

fascia

Question 42

type of fascia that surrounds muscle

Answer 42

perimysium

Question 43

term for highly mobile joints, the cavities of which contain lubricating fluid and the bones of which are covered with hyaline cartilage.

Answer 43

synovial joints

Question 44

Muscles can shorten to about ___ of their length (contract)

Answer 44

half

Question 45

A muscle's ____ is the point of attachment of least mobility

Answer 45

origin

Question 46

A muscle's _____ is the point of the attachment that moves when a muscle contracts

Answer 46

insertion

Question 47

When you perform a bicep curl, the biceps will by the _____ as it contracts to produce the movement. The term _____ means "the primary mover"

Answer 47

agonist

Question 48

When you perform a bicep curl, the tricep will be the ______ as it relaxes to allow the movement to occur. The term _____ means that it resists the movement and creates tension and balance.

Answer 48

antagonist

Question 49

Muscles that work together to create movement and can be found around a joint to balance movement. (like the elbow or rotator cuff)

Answer 49

synergists

Question 50

term meaning the same side of the body

Answer 50

ipsilateral

Question 51

term meaning the opposite side of the body

Answer 51

contralateral