Flashcards in Basic Neuro Deck (33)
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1
sensory/afferent neurons are what?
sensors that are sensitive to light, sound, touch, temperature, smell, and chemical input
Afferent neurons= receive incoming info
2
motor/efferent neurons are what?
actors that receive from other cells, giving rise to muscle impulses and secretion of hormones
Efferent neuron= sending info out
3
interneurons are what?
connect one neuron to another and can notify motor neurons to move part of body that has detected dangerous sensory info
4
how many cells does human brain contain?
1.1 trillion
5
more than how many are neurons?
100 billion
6
neurotransmitters do what?
are released in the axon terminal at the synapse
assist in the regulation of brain's ability to control speech/language, motivation, pain, stress, personality, mood, attention, memory
7
what are 3 layers of meninges?
dura mater
arachnoid membrane
(subarachnoid space is between AM and PM)
pia mater
8
what are ventricles?
fluid filled cavities in the brain
9
name 4 ventricles
2 lateral
3rd
4th
10
where is CSF found?
within each ventricle, the choroid plexus produces CSF
11
what lobe is anterior to central sulcus?
frontal
12
what lobe is inferior to sylvian fissure?
temporal
13
what lobe is located between occipital and central sulcus?
parietal
14
what lobe is located at posterior part of brain?
occipital
15
what lobe is affected if you experience: loss of simple movement, loss of ability to spontaneously interact?
frontal
16
what lobe is affected if you experience: mood changes, inability to speak, perseveration
frontal
17
what lobe is affected if you experience: have prosopagnosia and logorrhea
temporal
18
what lobe is affected if you experience: diff. understanding spoken words, short term memory loss, increased aggressive behavior
temporal
19
what lobe is affected if you experience: an inability to attend to more than 1 object at a time, diff. drawing objects, and diff. knowing left from right?
parietal
20
what lobe is affected if you experience: unilateral neglect, diff. hand-eye coordination, and impaired perception of touch
parietal
21
what lobe is affected if you experience: visual field cuts, diff. identifying colors, word blindness
occipital
22
what lobe is affected if you experience: diff. reading and writing, diff. locating objects in environment
occipital
23
alexia, agraphia, word blindness, and dyscalculia are associated with what lobe?
parietal
24
Name and be able to label the parts of a neuron
dendrites, nucleus, cell body, myelin sheath, Node of Ranvier, Schwann cell, axon, axon terminal
25
how do neurons communicate?
neurons communicate via axons and dendrites...
dendrites receive stimuli from other neurons, axons send stimuli to other neurons, glands, and muscles
26
agnosia?
inability to imitate, copy, or recognize the significance of incoming sensory information in the absence of sensory deficit in the affected sensory modality
27
anosagnosia?
denial of deficits
28
What does the pyramidal system do?
directly activates and facilitates voluntary motor movement
29
what are the two nerve fiber tracts within the pyramidal system?
corticobulbar and corticospinal
30
