Basic Statistics with SPSS Flashcards

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1
Q

enables a researcher to generalized population from relatively small samples

A

Hypothesis Testing

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2
Q

an assumption or statement, which may or may not be true concerning one or more population.

A

Statistical Hypothesis

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3
Q

a no difference relationship hypothesis

A

Null Hypothesis

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4
Q

specifies an existence of difference

A

Alternative Hypothesis

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5
Q

to conclude that the null hypothesis is false

A

Rejection of Hypothesis

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6
Q

used when the critical region is located at only one extreme of distribution or range of values for the test statistics, the test is said to one-tailed.

A

One-Tailed Test

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7
Q

used when the critical region is located at on both sides of the distribution or range of values for the test statistic, the test is said to two-tailed.

A

Two-Tailed Test

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8
Q

the maximum value of the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when in fact it is true.

A

Significance Level of Test

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9
Q

What type of Error: When we reject the null hypothesis when it is true or ___ ___

A

Type 1

or false positive

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10
Q

What Type of Error: When we accept or fail to reject the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is true.

A

Type 2

or false negative

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11
Q

A paired t-test is used when we are interested in the difference between two variables for the same subject.

A

T-test or Z-test

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12
Q

The paired sample t-test has four main assumptions:

A
  • The dependent variable must be continuous (interval/ratio).
  • The observations are independent of one another.
  • The dependent variable should be approximately normally distributed.
  • The dependent variable should not contain any outliers.
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13
Q

a method for dividing the variation observed into different parts, each part assignable to a cause, source, or factor

A

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

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14
Q

Some Measures of Correlation

A
  • Pearson R
  • Guttman’s Lambda
  • Goodman and Kruskal Walis-Rho
  • Point Biserial
  • Correlation Ration
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15
Q

Correlation between interval variables

A

Pearson R

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16
Q

Correlation between nominal variables

A

Guttman’s Lambda

17
Q

Correlation between variables of more than 30 samples.

A

Goodman and Kruskal Walis-Rho

18
Q

Correlation between interval and dichotomous nominal variables

A

Point Biserial

19
Q

Correlation between interval and any nominal variables.

A

Correlation Ration

20
Q

frequently used to determine if two or more populations are homogenous

A

Chi-Square Test