Basics

Question 1

types of intraoral radiology

Answer 1

periapical, bitewing, occlusal

Question 2

film or sensor holding or retention device

Answer 2

biteblock

Question 3

what does a periapical radiograph entail?

Answer 3

entire crown, root, and 2-3mm periapical areas

Question 4

crowns may be ____ if all areas of periapical radiograph aren’t visible

Answer 4

compromised

Question 5

PID stands for…

Answer 5

pointer indicating device

Question 6

bitewings record ____ of Mx and Mn teeth and ___ ____, but not ___ ____.

Answer 6

crowns, alveolar crests, root apices

Question 7

indications of bitewings

Answer 7

• amount of crestal alveolar bone loss (periodontitis)

- interproximal caries

Question 8

two types of occlusal radiographs

Answer 8

topographical, cross-sectional

Question 9

types of extraoral radiography

Answer 9

panoramic, cephalometric, CBCT, CT, MRI, others

Question 10

indications of external radiography

Answer 10

studies of growth/development, facial trauma (jaw fracture), suspecting multiple lesions

Question 11

when a structure can be recorded in its entirety intraorally, it is always ____ over any ____ view

Answer 11

preferred, extraoral

Question 12

most common extraoral radiograph in dentistry

Answer 12

panoramic

Question 13

light on film

Answer 13

radiopacity

Question 14

dark on film

Answer 14

radiolucency

Question 15

examples of light on film (radiopacity) are ___ density

Answer 15

high; enamel, cortical bone, amalgam restoration

Question 16

examples of dark on film (radiolucency) are ___ density

Answer 16

low; pulp, Mx sinus, air space

Question 17

film or sensor holding or retention device

Answer 17

biteblock

Question 18

inability to open the mouth

Answer 18

trismus

Question 19

which provide more detail? periapical/bitewing or extraoral radiograph?

Answer 19

periapical/bitewing

Question 20

which radiograph will contain both Mx and Mn teeth, bitewing or periapical?

Answer 20

bitewing

Question 21

radiography cannot reveal whether a lesion is ___ or _____

Answer 21

active, arrested

Question 22

do caries appear radiolucent or radiopace?

Answer 22

radiolucent

Question 23

overlap of proximal surface

Answer 23

closed contacts

Question 24

best radiograph for viewing occlusal/proximal caries

Answer 24

bitewing

Question 25

panoramic radiographs are suitable for caries detection only if the lesion is ____

Answer 25

large

Question 26

periapical radiographs are good for ___ caries and okay for ____ caries

Answer 26

occlusal, proximal

Question 27

what is the term for initial caries lesion development? Does cavitation occur here?

Answer 27

noncavitated, no

Question 28

noncavitated lesions represent areas with net mineral ___ due to imbalance between ____ and ____

Answer 28

loss, demineralization, remineralization

Question 29

what is the term for loss of surface integrity as it relates to caries? does cavitation occur?

Answer 29

cavitated, yes

Question 30

cavitation also refers to the total loss of ___ and exposure of ____

Answer 30

enamel, dentin

Question 31

location of caries that is in the immediate proximity to the contact area of an adjacent tooth surface (may exist on any tooth surface)

Answer 31

approximal

Question 32

on radiographs, incipient caries appear only within ____

Answer 32

enamel

Question 33

on radiographs, proximal caries appear as a ______ ___ area with its base to ___ ____

Answer 33

triangular dark, tooth surface

Question 34

on radiographs, occlusal caries appear ____ in shape, wider in ____, and narrow at ____ surface

Answer 34

rounded, dentin, occlusal

Question 35

``` incipient = ___ only moderate = involving ____ severe = involving ___ ```

Answer 35

enamel, dentin, pulp

Question 36

cervical burnout is called...

Answer 36

adumbration

Question 37

a post-processing alteration of image contrast

Answer 37

image sharpening

Question 38

caries tend to have more ___ borders than imitators

Answer 38

diffuse

Question 39

base of triangle in moderate proximal caries occurs at the ___ with the apex directed toward the ___

Answer 39

DEJ, pulp

Question 40

normal alveolar crest is ___ to ___ mm apical to CEJ in a ____ line

Answer 40

0.5-2.0, parallel

Question 41

early/mild bone loss is up to __% loss

Answer 41

20%

Question 42

moderate bone loss is __% loss

Answer 42

20-50%

Question 43

severe bone loss is more than __% loss

Answer 43

50%

Question 44

local factors in bone loss

Answer 44

calculus, overhanging restorations, poor restoration contours

Question 45

what type of radiographs are most reliable for crestal bone evaluation?

Answer 45

bitewing

Question 46

what type of radiographs are most reliable for periapical inflammatory lesions?

Answer 46

periapical, CBCT

Question 47

radiograph signs of periapical disease include - _____ PDL space - lamina dura ____, ____, ____, or _____ - lesions commonly centered on ____

Answer 47

- widening - thinning, thickening, displacement, discontinuity/loss - apex

Question 48

healthy periapical appearance on radiographs

Answer 48

uniform thin PDL and lamina dura

Question 49

apical radiolucency can pathologically indicate periapical...

Answer 49

granulomas, abscesses, cysts

Question 50

apical radiopacity can pathologically indicate...

Answer 50

apical sclerosing osteitis (condensing osteitis, but can be idiopathic)

Question 51

the ____ _____ can be an apical pathology imitator

Answer 51

mental foramen