Behavioral/toxicology/womd

Question 1

What is the most common cause of carbon monoxide exposure?

Answer 1

Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels.

Question 2

What is the hallmark symptom of carbon monoxide poisoning?

Answer 2

Headache.

Question 3

How does cyanide poisoning affect cells?

Answer 3

Blocks cytochrome oxidase; prevents cellular oxygen use.

Question 4

What are SLUDGE symptoms in organophosphate poisoning?

Answer 4

Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, GI upset, Emesis.

Question 5

What is the antidote for organophosphate poisoning?

Answer 5

Atropine and pralidoxime (2-PAM).

Question 6

What receptor type is blocked in anticholinergic poisoning?

Answer 6

Muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

Question 7

Name two common anticholinergic drugs.

Answer 7

Benadryl and Atrovent.

Question 8

What are hallmark signs of anticholinergic toxicity?

Answer 8

Hot, dry skin, mydriasis, tachycardia, delirium.

Question 9

What does COMEBIG stand for in toxicology treatment?

Answer 9

Charcoal, Oxygen, Monitor, ECG, B/P, IV access, Glucose check.

Question 10

What is the antidote for TCA overdose?

Answer 10

Sodium Bicarbonate.

Question 11

What toxidrome presents with miosis, bradycardia, and bronchorrhea?

Answer 11

Cholinergic toxidrome.

Question 12

What is the treatment for cyanide poisoning?

Answer 12

Hydroxocobalamin or sodium thiosulfate.

Question 13

What is the most common symptom of salicylate toxicity?

Answer 13

Tinnitus.

Question 14

What acid-base disturbance is caused by aspirin overdose?

Answer 14

Mixed respiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis.

Question 15

What is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose?

Answer 15

N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Question 16

What lab test helps assess acetaminophen toxicity risk?

Answer 16

Rumack-Matthew Nomogram.

Question 17

What is the triad for opioid overdose?

Answer 17

CNS depression, respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils.

Question 18

What is the antidote for opioid overdose?

Answer 18

Naloxone.

Question 19

What is the primary danger in beta-blocker overdose?

Answer 19

Bradycardia and hypotension.

Question 20

What is used to treat beta-blocker overdose?

Answer 20

Glucagon.

Question 21

What electrolyte imbalance may be seen in digoxin toxicity?

Answer 21

Hyperkalemia.

Question 22

What visual symptom is unique to digoxin toxicity?

Answer 22

Yellow or green vision (xanthopsia).

Question 23

What is the antidote for digoxin toxicity?

Answer 23

Mag

Question 24

What is the main risk with calcium channel blocker overdose?

Answer 24

Hypotension and bradycardia.

Question 25

What is used to treat calcium channel blocker overdose?

Answer 25

Calcium chloride or calcium gluconate.

Question 26

What is the primary symptom of methanol poisoning?

Answer 26

Visual disturbances ("snowfield vision").

Question 27

What is the antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning?

Answer 27

Fomepizole or ethanol.

Question 28

What metabolic issue is caused by methanol toxicity?

Answer 28

High anion gap metabolic acidosis.

Question 29

What does MUDPILES stand for?

Answer 29

Causes of anion gap metabolic acidosis.

Question 30

What household product is associated with methanol poisoning?

Answer 30

Windshield washer fluid.

Question 31

What is the most common cause of pesticide poisoning?

Answer 31

Organophosphates.

Question 32

What class of drugs cause anticholinergic toxidrome?

Answer 32

Antihistamines, tricyclics, atropine, antipsychotics.

Question 33

What is the treatment for anticholinergic toxidrome?

Answer 33

Benzodiazepines and supportive care.

Question 34

What is the danger of giving physostigmine in TCA overdose?

Answer 34

It may induce seizures or asystole.

Question 35

What is the first step in managing a suspected toxic ingestion?

Answer 35

Airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs).

Question 36

What is whole bowel irrigation used for?

Answer 36

Ingestion of sustained-release or iron tablets.

Question 37

What color is vomit in iron overdose?

Answer 37

Green or black.

Question 38

What is the antidote for iron toxicity?

Answer 38

Deferoxamine.

Question 39

What does a "cherry red" skin color indicate?

Answer 39

Carbon monoxide or cyanide poisoning.

Question 40

What imaging is used to detect ingested metals or tablets?

Answer 40

Abdominal X-ray.

Question 41

What class of drugs causes serotonin syndrome?

Answer 41

SSRIs, MAOIs, SNRIs, TCAs.

Question 42

What are symptoms of serotonin syndrome?

Answer 42

Hyperreflexia, clonus, agitation, hyperthermia.

Question 43

What is the treatment for serotonin syndrome?

Answer 43

Benzodiazepines, cooling, and cyproheptadine.

Question 44

What substance causes metabolic acidosis with calcium oxalate crystals?

Answer 44

Ethylene glycol.

Question 45

What is the antidote for ethylene glycol poisoning?

Answer 45

Fomepizole or ethanol.

Question 46

What cardiac drug causes blue vision?

Answer 46

Sildenafil (Viagra).

Question 47

What drug causes lactic acidosis and GI upset in overdose?

Answer 47

Metformin.

Question 48

What syndrome presents with lead lines on gums and basophilic stippling?

Answer 48

Lead poisoning.

Question 49

What is the antidote for lead poisoning?

Answer 49

EDTA or dimercaprol.

Question 50

What symptoms occur in lithium toxicity?

Answer 50

Tremor, ataxia, confusion, seizures.

Question 51

What is the treatment for lithium overdose?

Answer 51

IV fluids and possibly dialysis.

Question 52

What is the risk of isoniazid (INH) overdose?

Answer 52

Seizures and lactic acidosis.

Question 53

What is the antidote for INH toxicity?

Answer 53

Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6).

Question 54

What over-the-counter drugs can cause kidney damage in overdose?

Answer 54

NSAIDs like ibuprofen.

Question 55

What is a toxidrome?

Answer 55

A group of signs and symptoms characteristic of a toxin.

Question 56

What are the 4 classic toxidromes?

Answer 56

Cholinergic, anticholinergic, opioid, and sympathomimetic.

Question 57

What drug class causes dilated pupils, sweating, and agitation?

Answer 57

Sympathomimetics.

Question 58

What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?

Answer 58

Flumazenil (use with caution).

Question 59

What substance causes delayed hepatic necrosis?

Answer 59

Acetaminophen.

Question 60

What are the stages of acetaminophen poisoning?

Answer 60

GI upset → latent → hepatic injury → recovery or failure.

Question 61

What is a hallmark of arsenic poisoning?

Answer 61

Garlic odor on breath.

Question 62

What is the antidote for arsenic and mercury poisoning?

Answer 62

Dimercaprol (BAL).

Question 63

What poison is commonly found in old paints?

Answer 63

Lead.

Question 64

What medication reverses methotrexate toxicity?

Answer 64

Leucovorin.

Question 65

What medication can cause methemoglobinemia?

Answer 65

Benzocaine.

Question 66

What is the antidote for methemoglobinemia?

Answer 66

Methylene blue.

Question 67

What is the first priority in any poisoning?

Answer 67

Stabilize the patient (ABCs).

Question 68

What type of poisoning presents with bitter almond odor?

Answer 68

Cyanide.

Question 69

What substance is associated with "Monday morning headache"?

Answer 69

Nitroglycerin or organic nitrates.

Question 70

What are the key symptoms of hydrocarbon ingestion?

Answer 70

Cough, dyspnea, chemical pneumonitis.

Question 71

What is the treatment for hydrocarbon ingestion?

Answer 71

Supportive care, avoid emetics or lavage.

Question 72

What substance is toxic in small doses and used in chemotherapy?

Answer 72

Colchicine.

Question 73

What is a classic sign of barbiturate overdose?

Answer 73

Respiratory depression.

Question 74

What is the antidote for warfarin toxicity?

Answer 74

Vitamin K.

Question 75

What over-the-counter medication can cause salicylate toxicity?

Answer 75

Aspirin.