Infection Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is the difference between communicable and infectious diseases?
Communicable diseases are transmitted from person to person, while infectious diseases are contagious but not always communicable.
Example: Rabies is infectious but not communicable.
List the agencies tasked with studying and preventing the spread of diseases.
- World Health Organization
- US Department of Health and Human Services
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Office of the Surgeon General
- Food and Drug Administration
- Federal Emergency Management Agency
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration
- State Departments of Public Health
- Local Agencies
What are the causes of infectious diseases?
- Bacteria
- Viruses
- Fungi
- Protozoa
- Parasites
What are the stages of infection in the chain of infection?
- Latent Period
- Incubation Period
- Communicability Period
- Disease Period
What are the physiologic responses to infections?
- Respiratory
- Circulatory
- Genitourinary
- Integumentary
- Special Populations
How is meningococcal meningitis primarily spread?
Through respiratory droplets.
What are the common causes of meningococcal meningitis?
- Neisseria Meningitis
- Haemophilus Influenza Type B
- Streptococcus Pneumoniae
What is the treatment for meningitis?
- General: COME BIG
- Specific: Mask, Rapid Antibiotics (Cephalosporins, Cipro, Ciloxam)
What is the incubation period for mumps?
12-26 days.
What are the main signs and symptoms of pertussis?
Convulsive cough followed by a whooping sound.
What is the primary treatment for HIV/AIDS?
There is no cure or vaccine; treatment goal is to reduce viral load and alleviate symptoms.
What are the signs and symptoms of HIV/AIDS?
- Oral Thrush
- Encephalopathy/Meningitis
- Headaches
- Seizures
- Altered Level of Consciousness
- Dementia
- Stroke
- Diarrhea and Weight Loss
- Chest Pain and Cough
- Shortness of breath
- Fever
- Pneumonia
- Karposi’s Sarcoma
What is the incubation period for Hepatitis B?
30-200 days.
What are the four stages of syphilis?
- Primary
- Secondary
- Latent
- Tertiary (not contagious)
Which is the most frequently reported STD in the US?
Chlamydia.
What is the second most common STD in the US?
Gonorrhea.
What bacterium causes tetanus?
Clostridium tetani.
What are the signs and symptoms of tetanus?
- Painful Muscle Contractions in the neck and trunk
- Trismus
- Irritability
What is MRSA?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus.
What causes Clostridium Difficile infection?
Direct result of antibiotic therapy.
How is rabies primarily spread?
Through bites or scratches from infected animals.
What is the most common tick-borne disease in the US?
Lyme Disease.
What is the incubation period for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
3-14 days after the tick bite.
What is the treatment for Lyme Disease?
Doxycycline.
