Behaviourist approach explaining phobias

Question 1

What is the Two process model ?
(phobias)

Answer 1

states that phobias are aquired (learned in the first place) by classical conditioning and then continues becasue of operant conditioning

Question 2

What is classical conditioning ?

Answer 2

Learning process where neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus which results in a conditioned response. Learning through association

Question 3

What is Operant conditioning ?

Answer 3

learning in which behaviour is shaped and maintained by negative or positve reinforcements.

Question 4

Explain the case of Little Albert (creating a phobia)

Answer 4

when shown a white rat little Albert tried to play with it. Whenever Rat was present the experimenters made a loud frightening noise close to Alberts ear. The noise is a unconditioned stimulus which creates an unconditioned response of fear. Soon the neutral stimulus (rat) became associated with the Unconditioned stimulus (noise) and both produced the fear response.