Big Idea 4: Computer Systems and Networks Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is a computing device?
A physical artifact that can run a program
Examples include desktops, laptops, and servers.
Define computing system.
A group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose
This includes hardware and software components.
What is a computer network?
A group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data
It is also considered a type of computing system.
What does ‘path’ refer to in networking?
How the devices connect to send/receive data
Paths can vary based on network topology.
Define routing.
The process of finding a path from sender to receiver
Essential for data to reach its destination across networks.
What is bandwidth?
The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time (BITS PER SECOND)
Critical for network performance.
What is the Internet?
A computer network consisting of interconnected networks that use standardized, open communication protocols
It allows global communication between computers.
What are protocols in networking?
An agreed upon set of rules that specify the behavior of a system
Examples include TCP/IP.
What characteristics define the internet?
Open protocols, dynamic routing, scalable
These features enable flexibility and growth.
How is information passed through the internet?
As a data stream
Data streams are essential for communication over the internet.
What are data streams composed of?
Chunks of data, which are encapsulated in packets
Each packet contains a portion of the overall data.
What is the World Wide Web?
A system of interlinked web pages and resources accessed via the Internet using web browsers
It is one part of the internet.
Define redundancy in systems.
Inclusion of extra components that can be used to mitigate failure of a system if other components fail
Important for maintaining uptime.
What is network redundancy?
Having more than one path
Helps ensure continuous operation in case of a path failure.
What does it mean for a system to be fault tolerant?
When a system can support failures and still continue to function
Crucial for critical systems requiring high availability.
What does reliability in a system often require?
Redundancy within a system
This may require additional resources but enhances fault tolerance.
Define sequential processing.
One task at a time and then they are all added up
It is a traditional method of processing tasks.
What is parallel computing?
Broken down into smaller sequential tasks; done simultaneously
Increases efficiency by reducing overall processing time.
If one computing task takes 80 seconds and another takes 90 seconds, how long will the whole task take in parallel computing?
90 seconds
This demonstrates the efficiency of parallel processing.
What is the formula for calculating speed up time?
Speed up time = Sequential / Parallel
This shows how much faster parallel computing can be.
What is distributed computing?
Uses the network with multiple devices to help run programs/solve problems
Enhances processing power by utilizing resources across the network.
Fill in the blank: The difference time between sequential and parallel computing is _______.
Sequential - Parallel
This highlights the efficiency gained from parallel processing.
if a path is broken the path will be ________.
This _________ of the internet makes connections between computing devices more reliable
rerouted, fault tolerant
________ an agreed upon set of rules that specify the behavior of a system
protocols
