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Psych 101 > Bio > Flashcards

Bio Flashcards

1
Q

Study of physiological, evolutionary, and developmental mechanism of behavior and experience

A

Biological Psychology

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2
Q

Deals mostly with brain activity

A

Biological Psychology

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3
Q

The problem of how to address the relation between mental phenomena and neural or physical phenomena in general

A

MBP (MIND BRAIN PROBLEM)

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4
Q

Parts of neuron

A

Cell body
Dendrites
Axon
Olygodendrocytes
Myelin sheath
Synapse

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5
Q

Smaller than neurons have many functions but do not convey information over great distances

A

Glia

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6
Q

Brain composed of cells called?

A

Neurons and Glia

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7
Q

Convey messages to one another and to muscles and glands

A

Neurons

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8
Q

Generally smaller than neurons have many functions but do not convey information over a great distance

A

Glia

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9
Q

Types of neuroglia in CNS

A

olygodendrocytes
Ependymal cells
Astrocytes
Microglia

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10
Q

Types of neuroglia in PNS

A

Satellite cells
Schwann cells

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11
Q

The idea that minds are one type of substance and matter is another

A

Dualism

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12
Q

It is the philisophical idea that one thing in existence are part of the same essential oneness or whole

A

Monoism

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13
Q

4 types of biological explanation of behavior

A

Physiological
Ontogenetics
Evolutionary
Functional

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14
Q

Relates a behavior to an activity of the brain and other organs

A

Physiological explanatiom

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15
Q

Describes how the structures or behaviors develop

A

Ontogenetic explanation

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16
Q

Reconstruct the evolutionary history of the structure or behavior

A

Evolutionary explanation

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17
Q

Describe why the structure or behavior evolved as it did

A

Functional explanation

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18
Q

Are branching fibers that get narrower near their ends

A

Dendrites

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19
Q

Contains the nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochodria

A

Cell body

20
Q

Thin fiber of constant diameter

A

Axon

21
Q

are covered with an insulating material called a myelin sheath with interruptions known as nodes of Ranvier.

A

Vertebrate Axon

22
Q

do not have myelin sheaths.

A

Invertebrate axon

23
Q

Messages in a neuron develop from disturbances of the resting potential.

A

Resting potential of neuron

24
Q

If charged ions could flow freely across the membrane, the membrane would depolarize, eliminating the negative potential inside. However, the membrane has selective permeability.

A

Forces acting on Sodium and Potassium

Ions

25
Q

It is a protein complex, repeatedly transports three sodium ions out of the cell while drawing two potassium ions into it.

A

Sodium-Potassium Pump

26
Q

Message sent by axons

A

Action potential

27
Q

The chemical events behind the action potential may seem complex

A

Molecular Basis of the Action Potential

28
Q

the points of contact between neurons where information is passed from one neuron to the next

A

Synapse

29
Q

Sherrington found that repeated stimuli within a brief time have a cumulative effect. He referred to this phenomenon

A

Temporal Summation

30
Q

The neuron that delivers transmission

A

Presynaptic/Postsynaptic Neurons

31
Q

Synaptic inputs from separate locations combine their effects on a neuron

A

Spatial Summation

32
Q

which consists of the axons conveying messages from the sense organs to the CNS and from the CNS to the muscles

A

somatic nervous system

33
Q

controls the heart, intestines, and other organs.

A

autonomic nervous system

34
Q

In the late 18000s he anatomicallydemonstrated a narrow gapseparating one neuron from another.

A

Ramon Cajal

35
Q

In 1906 he 1906,physiologicallydemonstrated thatcommunication between one neuron and the next differ from communication along a single axon.

A

Charles Scott Sherrington

36
Q

are regarded as thegreat pioneers of modern neuroscience, and their nearly simultaneous discoveries supported each other:

A

Caja and Sherrington

37
Q

Thecircuit from a sensory neuron to muscleresponse is called

A

Reflex arc

38
Q

is thebrainand thespinal cord.

A

CNS

39
Q

connectsthebrain and spinal cordto therest of the body.

A

PNS

40
Q

communicates with all the sense organs and musclesexcept those of the head.

A

Spinal cord

41
Q

consists ofneuronsthatreceive informationfrom andsend commandsto theheart, intestines, and other organs

A

Autonomic Nervous system

42
Q

2 types of autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic

43
Q

a network of nerves thatprepare the organs for a burst of vigorous activity, consists ofchains of gangliajust to theleft and right of the spinal cord.

A

Sympathetic Nervous system

44
Q

sometimes called the “rest and digest” system, facilitatesvegetative,non-emergencyresponses.

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

45
Q

The termparameans

A

beside or related to

Psych 101 (5 decks)

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