Lesson 3: NEUROBIOLOGICAL BASES OF BEHAVIOR

Question 1

The nervous system is composed of two main parts

Answer 1

• Central Nervous System (CNS)
• Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 2

Is it made up of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 2

Central nervous system

Question 3

Encased in the skull which is very tough set of bones

Answer 3

Brain

Question 4

The box within the skull is called?

Answer 4

Cranium

Question 5

3 main parts of the brain

Answer 5

• Forebrain
• Mid - brain
• Hindbrain

Question 6

Is located at the front part of the skull and regulates complex mental processes like thinking and emotional control

Also the largest region of the brain

Answer 6

Forebrain

Question 7

Forebrain consist of

Answer 7

Cerebrum
Cerebral cortex
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

Question 8

Largest of the brain mass

Answer 8

Cerebrum

Question 9

Seat of the higher mental processes

Answer 9

Cerebral cortex

Question 10

Forebrain structure receives information from the senses and relays these information to cerebral cortex for processing

Answer 10

Thalamus

Question 11

Serves as the integrating center of many kinds of physiological activities such as eating, drinking, maintaining body temperature and sex

Answer 11

Hypothalamus

Question 12

It is the smallest division of brain. This part of the brain serves as the connecting link between the hindbrain abd sophisticated forebrain.

Answer 12

Mid-brain

Question 13

Most interesting mid-brain structure. It is located near the pons and serves as “switch on”

Answer 13

Reticular formation

Question 14

It is close to the spinal cord. It composed of the mendulla oblongata, pons, and cerebellum

Answer 14

Hindbrain

Question 15

It is the connecting link between the spinal cord and the brain proper

Answer 15

Medulla oblongata

Question 16

Lies in the brain stem just a little above the mendulla oblongata. It serves as a connection center and is involved in the motor coordination and equilibrium too

Answer 16

Pons

Question 17

Is a large rope-like segments of nerve tissues running along the spine carrying messages between the brain and the peripheral nervous system

Answer 17

Spinal cord

Question 18

Spinal cords divide into two roots

Answer 18

• Dorsal
• Ventral

Question 19

Roots carries sensory nerve fiber

Answer 19

Dorsal

Question 20

Roots carries motor nerve fibers

Answer 20

Ventral

Question 21

A small almond structure located directly in front of the hypocampus.

Answer 21

Amygdala

Question 22

Is a structure that wraps itself around the thalamus which plays an important role in learning and mastery

Answer 22

Hypocampus

Question 23

It branches out from spinal cord and the brain and extended to the extremities of the body

Answer 23

Peripheral nervous system

Question 24

PNS composed of 2 major division

Answer 24

• Somatic division
• Autonomic division

Question 25

Specializes in the control of voluntary movements of the skeletal muscles and the communication of information to and from sense of organs

Answer 25

Somatic division

Question 26

Is concerned with the parts of the body that makes it alive.

Answer 26

Autonomic division

Question 27

2 subdivision of Autonomic

Answer 27

• sympathetic subdivision • parasympathetic subdivision

Question 28

Is the part that prepares the body to respond to stressful emergency situation like fight or flight responses.

Answer 28

Sympathetic subdivision

Question 29

Acts to calm and relax the body after the emergency situation is resolved.

Answer 29

Parasympathetic subdivision

Question 30

Is composed of more than 100 billion cell known as neurons

Answer 30

Nervous system

Question 31

They are cluster of fibers at one end of a neuron that receives messages from other neurons

Answer 31

Dendrites

Question 32

It is a tube like long extension from the end of a neuron that carries messages to other cells through the neuron

Answer 32

Axon

Question 33

They are small branches at the end of axon

Answer 33

Terminal buttons

Question 34

Is it the axon protected coating made of fat and protein

Answer 34

Myelin sheath

Question 35

Are points of connection between the dendrites of some neurons and the axon of others

Answer 35

Synapses

Question 36

Involved in movement motivation, and emotion. It produces feeling of pleasure

Answer 36

Dopamine

Question 37

Released in response to behaviors such as vigorous exercise

Answer 37

Endorphins

Question 38

The major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain

Answer 38

GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid)

Question 39

The most common neurotransmitter

Answer 39

Glutamate

Question 40

Involved in many functions, including mood, appetite , sleep, and aggresision

Answer 40

Serotonin

Question 41

Carries messages from receptors to spinal cord and brain

Answer 41

Sensory of efferent neurons

Question 42

Transmit messages from the brain and spinal cord and send them to the motor organs like muscles and glands

Answer 42

Motor of efferent neuron

Question 43

Provide connection between sensory and motor neurons

Answer 43

Connector neurons

Question 44

3 levels of synaptic connections

Answer 44

• reflex level • Instinctive level • cortex level

Question 45

Simple, inborn, automatic responses of some parts of the body

Answer 45

Reflexes

Question 46

Narrowing pupils of the eyes is in response

Answer 46

Pupillary reflex

Question 47

Happens when an object is place on the back of tongue

Answer 47

Gagging reflex

Question 48

Common to all members of species

Answer 48

Instinctive level

Question 49

It is the most complex of 3 levels

Answer 49

Cortex level