bio 24 Flashcards
(395 cards)
1
Q
IBS is the abbreviation for which condition affecting the colon in humans?
A
Irritable Bowel syndrome
2
Q
A carpal boss is the name for a bony outgrowth in which part of the human body?
A
wrist
3
Q
Bone and dental deformities can occur due to the excess intake of which substance?
A
Fluoride
4
Q
COPD is the abbreviation for which condition affecting breathing in humans?
A
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease
5
Q
During what stage of transcription are ribonucleotides added to the complex strand of RNA?
A
Elongation
6
Q
During what stage of transcription does RNA polymerase attach to the DNA molecule and move along the DNA strand until it recognizes a promoter sequence?
A
Initiation
7
Q
Give the name of the type of simple permanent tissue that makes up a major part of ground tissues in plants?
A
Parenchyma
8
Q
GMO foods are scientifically altered, what does GMO stand for?
A
Genetically modified organisms
9
Q
Haglund’s deformity is a bony enlargement on which specific part of the human body?
A
The heel
10
Q
How many bones are in each human foot?
A
26
11
Q
How many bones in total are in each human hand?
A
27
12
Q
How many bones make up the human cranium?
A
8
13
Q
In arthropods what is the shedding of the exoskeleton called?
A
Moulting or ecdysis
14
Q
In food processing what is the name of the process by which water is removed from food?
A
Dehydration
15
Q
In humans the genome consists of how many pairs of chromosomes?
A
23 pairs
16
Q
In which class in the animal kingdom do mosses and liverworts belong?
A
Bryophyta
17
Q
Name the fluid made and released by the liver in humans and used to emulsify fat during digestion?
A
Bile
18
Q
Phylloquinone is the scientific name of which vitamin?
A
Vitamin K
19
Q
Slugs and snails belong to which class of invertebrates?
A
Gastropods
20
Q
The adjective coronary refers to blood vessels which supply which human organ?
A
Heart
21
Q
The colon in the human body is divided into how many regions?
A
4
22
Q
The human pharynx is divided into 3 parts what is the name of the middle part?
A
Oropharynx
23
Q
The lumbar spine in the human body consists of how many vertebrae?
A
5
24
Q
The lung on which side of the human body is smaller?
A
Left
25
The olfactory bulb is located in which human sense organ?
The nose
26
The olfactory nerve is mainly located in which human sense organ?
The nose
27
The papillae and tastebuds are located on what part of the tongue?
anterior two-thirds of the tongue
28
The pons is a broad mass of transverse nerve fibre that connects the medulla in the human brain to what structure?
Cerebellum
29
The spleen is a small organ typically located behind the ribcage and stomach on which side of the body?
Left
30
The thoracic spine in humans consist of how many vertebrae?
12
31
The vitreous humour is located in which human sense organ?
The eye
32
To what organ of the body does the word pulmonary refer?
Lung
33
To which phylum in the animal kingdom do centipedes belong?
Arthropoda
34
To which phylum in the animal kingdom do jellyfish belong?
Cnidaria
35
To which phylum in the animal kingdom does the starfish belong?
Echinodermata
36
Weakness of muscles and bones in the elderly may occur due to the deficiency of what vitamin?
Vitamin D
37
What are the suture joints between the parietal and occipital bones in humans called?
Lambdoid suture
38
What are the tiny air sacs present in human lungs called?
Alveoli
39
What cellular structure is known as the protein synthesizer in a plant or animal cell?
Ribosome
40
What divides the inside of the human nose into two chambers?
Nasal septum
41
What does a piscivore mainly consume?
Fish
42
What does an ovivore mainly consume?
Eggs
43
What does the abbreviation ATP mean in biology?
Adenosine triphosphate
44
What does the abbreviation DNA mean in genetics?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
45
What hormone is produced by the two adrenal glands located at the top of each human kidney?
Cortisol
46
What is another name for erythrocytes?
Red blood cells
47
What is another name for the larvae of a cockroach?
Nymph
48
What is another name for thrombocytes?
Platelets
49
What is the collective name for the two main transport tissues in plants, the xylem and the phloem?
Vascular Bundle
50
What is the descriptive term for a plant cell that do not have a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles?
Prokaryotes
51
What is the fluid in a nucleus called?
Nucleoplasm
52
What is the fluid inside a cell called?
Cytoplasm
53
What is the front pigmented fibrovascular layer of the iris in the human eye called?
Stroma
54
What is the general term for a plant cell organelle which stores food, water and waste materials?
Vacuole
55
What is the generic term for free floating cells such as blood cells and lymph cells in the human body?
Corpuscle
56
What is the hollow space through which the air flows in the nose called?
Nasal cavity
57
What is the largest blood vessel in the human body?
The aorta
58
What is the main gas released during the process of animal respiration?
Carbon dioxide
59
What is the name for a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment?
Ecosystem
60
What is the name for the enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of cane sugar to the simple sugar glucose and fructose?
Sucrase
61
What is the name for the hollow air-filled chambers in the bones around the human nose?
Sinuses
62
What is the name for the light sensitive pigment found in the rod cells of the human retina?
Rhodopsin
63
What is the name for the masses of endocrine cells scattered throughout the human pancreas?
Islets of Langerhans
64
What is the name for the process of transferring blood products into a person’s circulation intravenously?
Blood transfusion
65
What is the name for the study of fungi?
Mycology
66
What is the name for the study of viruses?
Virology
67
What is the name for the type of nerve pain that radiates down the back and into the hip and is commonly caused by herniated disk?
Sciatica
68
What is the name for the very small vessels mostly located inside the bone marrow, liver and spleen?
Sinusoids
69
What is the name of structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use?
Mitochondria
70
What is the name of the area that forms the roof of the human mouth and separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity?
Palate
71
What is the name of the bony flap providing the covering of the gills in fishes?
Operculum
72
What is the name of the device that is used to measure or monitor blood pressure in humans?
Sphygmomanometer
73
What is the name of the diagnostic device used to measure lung capacity?
Spirometer
74
What is the name of the fold of protective skin that closes over the human eye?
Eyelid
75
What is the name of the membrane that separates the middle ear and the external ear in humans?
Ear drum
76
What is the name of the muscular tube that connects the oral and nasal cavities to the larynx and oesophagus?
Pharynx
77
What is the name of the photoreceptor cells in the human retina that give us our colour vision?
Cones
78
What is the name of the pouch like structure located at the junction of the small and the large intestines in humans?
Caecum
79
What is the name of the smallest gland in the human body?
Pineal gland
80
What is the name of the stalk like part of the brain that interconnects the cerebrum and forebrain with the spinal cord?
Medulla oblongata
81
What is the name of the structure in a chromosome that holds the two spermatids together?
Centromere
82
What is the name of the tiny bulb shaped sacs at the end of the bronchi where gas exchanges?
Alveoli
83
What is the name of the tube through which urine leaves the body?
Urethra
84
What is the scientific name for grapes?
Vitis vinifera
85
What is the scientific name for the childhood disease Chicken pox?
Varicella
86
What is the scientific name for the disease German measles?
Rubella
87
What is the scientific name for the loss of water in the form of water droplets from hydrocodes on the leaf margin of a small herbaceous plant?
Guttation
88
What is the scientific name for the pineapple?
Ananas comosus
89
What is the scientific name for Vitamin B3?
Niacin
90
What is the scientific name for Vitamin B9?
Folic acid
91
What is the specific name of the oxygenated vessel that supplies blood to the liver, duodenum and pancreas?
Hepatic artery
92
What is the total number of pairs of peripheral nerves in humans?
43
93
What is the total number of pairs of spinal nerves in humans?
31
94
What is the white area of the human eye called?
Sclera
95
What kind of suture joint is present between the horizontal plates of two palatine bones in humans?
Plane sutures
96
What links the tympanic membrane to the oval window of the internal ear of humans?
Ossicles
97
What term is used to refer to the body’s immune system overreacting to a food or substance that is not generally harmful?
Allergy
98
What type of ecosystems are devoid of trees and are found in cold climates or where rainfall is scarce?
Tundra
99
What type of epidermal cells found mainly in the skin produce a pigment called melanin which serves as protein?
Melanocyte
100
What type of human nerve carry messages from the central nervous system to the muscles of the body?
Motor nerves
101
What type of joint is found in the head and neck of the human body?
Pivot
102
What type of joint is found in the hip and shoulders in the human body?
Ball and socket
103
Where does the process of respiration in earthworms take place?
The skin
104
Which gland is mainly responsible for the production and secretion of the hormone responsible for increasing calcium levels in the blood when necessary?
Parathyroid
105
Which human organ is the first line of defence of the body against external pathogens?
The skin
106
Which mesophyll layer has large spaces between the cells and allows free circulation of gases into the cells?
Spongy mesophyll
107
Which organ of the body absorbs oxygen into the blood?
Lungs
108
Which organ releases the hormone glucagon when the sugar level is low in humans?
Pancreas
109
Which organs of the human body are responsible for adjusting the temperature and humidity of inhaled air?
Nasal Chambers
110
Which part of the human eye lubricates the front surface and protects it from debris and dust?
Eyelid
111
Which plant hormones are responsible for promoting cell division and lateral growth?
Cytokinin
112
Which plant hormones are responsible for promoting cell growth and elongation of the plant?
Auxins
113
Which sense of the body provides up to two thirds of the information we receive from our surroundings?
Vision
114
Which specific type of carbohydrate is the body’s most readily source of energy?
Monosaccharides
115
Which structure uses filtration to keep the mucus and dirt away from the human lungs?
Cilia
116
Which vitamin is also known as retinol?
Vitamin A
117
The elephant’s tusks develop from which specific part of the body?
The teeth
118
The hump of a camel consists primarily of what type of tissue?
Adipose or fat
119
Cystitis is a condition which affects which specific organ in the body?
Bladder
120
Haglund's deformity is a bony enlargement on the back of which specific part of the human body?
Heel or calcaneus
121
In avian respiration where does the exchange of gases occur?
Lungs
122
In food processing what is the process by which food contents are sealed in an airtight container at high temperatures?
Canning
123
In the body what structure sits in front of the knee joint and protects the joint from damage?
Patella
124
In which phylum in the animal kingdom do humans belong?
Chordata
125
Is the gestation period of a donkey closer to 6 months, 1 year or 18 months?
1 year
126
To which phylum does the earthworm belong?
Annelida
127
What are the names of the two primary bones in the human forearm?
Ulna and radius
128
What is defined as the fundamental process by which different plant species grow from a single seed into a plant?
Germination
129
What is the general name for the photosynthetic tissue in plants that contains numerous chloroplasts?
Mesophyll layer
130
What is the name for a type of nerve pain that radiates down the back into the hip and leg and is commonly called a herniated disk?
Sciatica
131
What is the name for the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis which results in its separation into two daughter cells?
Cytokinesis
132
What is the name for the muscular middle layer of the human heart?
Myocardium
133
What is the name of the process that involves development of the female gamete without fertilization?
Parthenogenesis
134
What is the name of the sharp teeth at the front of the human mouth that are specialised for cutting?
Incisors
135
What is the rarest blood type in humans?
AB-
136
What is the specific name for the innermost layer that lines the inner heart chambers in humans?
Endocardium
137
What is the technical term for any gap larger than 0.5mm between the upper incisors?
Diastema
138
What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
139
What term is used to refer to the number of corpuscles in a specific volume of human blood?
Blood count
140
What two bones are found in the lower leg of humans?
Tibia and fibula
141
What type of stomata has two guard cells that are shaped like dumbbells?
Gramineous Stomata
142
Which blood type in humans is the universal donor?
O
143
Which macromolecule in the body does not form polymers?
Lipids
144
Which phylum in the animal kingdom literally means jointed legs?
Arthropoda
145
Which phylum in the animal kingdom literally means organisms with holes?
Porifera
146
Which specific branch of biology is the study of fossils which are formed from the physical impressions of structures left behind by animals as evidence of their behaviour or existence?
Ichnology
147
Which specific branch of biology is the study of the ecosystems of inland waters?
Limnology
148
Which substance in the body is nicknamed the love hormone?
Oxytocin
149
What type of joint is characterised by the presence of fluid filled spaces between the smooth cartilage in the joint capsule?
Synovial
150
Derived from a word meaning pertaining to a gland, what is the name for a type of non-cancerous tumour that may affect various organs?
Adenoma
151
How many layers of connective tissue are in the body’s renal capsule?
3
152
How many phalanges are in each human finger?
3
153
In humans what is the name for an unfertilized female gamete?
Ovum
154
In the cell cycle at the end of interphase comes the mitotic phase which comprises mitosis and which other process?
Cytokinesis
155
In which part of the human body is the femur located?
156
What is the name for a type of non-cancerous tumour that may affect various organs?
Adenoma
157
How many Phalange are in each human finger?
3
158
In humans, what is the name for an unfertilized female gamete?
Ovum
159
In the cell cycle, at the end of interphase comes the mitotic phase which comprises mitosis and which other process?
Cytokinesis
160
In which part of the human body is the femur located?
The thigh
161
In which specific part of the human body are platelets made?
Bone marrow
162
Is the Homozygous dominant genotype denoted by two uppercase letters, two lowercase letters or a combination of upper- and lower-case letters?
Two uppercase letters
163
The deficiency of what vitamin causes night blindness?
Vitamin A
164
The thenar muscles are responsible for the movement of which specific body part?
The thumb
165
What are the patterns of arrangement for the leaves on a stem called?
Phyllotaxy
166
What are the two main female reproductive hormones?
Oestrogen and progesterone
167
What flexible tube-like structure connects the developing foetus to the placenta in the womb?
Umbilical cord
168
What hormone helps to reduce the blood glucose levels in humans?
Insulin
169
What is a female donkey called?
Jenny
170
What is a female Koala called?
Doe
171
What is the full scientific name for the largest muscle in the human body?
Gluteus Maximus
172
What is the more common name for the hallux in the human body?
Big toe
173
What is the name for cells that don’t have an enclosed nucleus?
Prokaryotes
174
What is the name for the dental surgeon who specializes in performing root canals?
Endodontist
175
What is the name for the first part of the small intestines in humans?
Duodenum
176
What is the name for the group of non-vascular land plants that includes Liverworts, Hornworts and Mosses?
Bryophytes
177
What is the name of any vascular plant that produces by means of an exposed seed or ovule?
Gymnosperm
178
What is the name of the foetal organ made up of its parenchyma, chorion, amnion and umbilical cord?
The placenta
179
What is the name of the joint which allows movement in all planes, for example the shoulder?
Ball and socket
180
What is the name of the part of the amoeba that hosts a granular nucleus, food vacuole and a contractile vacuole?
The endoplasm
181
What is the name of the phylum of any group of vascular plants that have roots, stems and leaves and is produced by spores rather than flowers and seeds?
Pteridophytes
182
What is the name of the physical phenomenon which gives rise to the concave appearance of the surface of a glass capillary tube?
Surface tension
183
What is the name of the process by which the body changes food and drink into energy?
Metabolism
184
What is the name of the smallest skeletal muscle in the human body?
Stapedius muscle
185
What is the name of the summer sleep by many animals living in the desert?
Aestivation
186
What is the name of the valve in the human heart which controls the flow of blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
187
What is the process called when a caterpillar develops into a butterfly?
Metamorphosis
188
What is the scientific name for what is often referred to as the ringing of the ears?
Tinnitus
189
What is the specific name of plant cells on the leaves located just below the epidermis?
Palisade parenchyma cells
190
What is the term used to refer to the outer protective covering in addition to the cell wall found in bacterial and other prokaryotic cells?
Capsule
191
What part of the trunk of a tree serves as a protection from the outside world?
Outer Bark
192
What specific part of the human brain is most associated with learning and long-term memory?
Hippocampus
193
What specific part of the human brain is responsible for vision?
The occipital lobe
194
What term is used to describe a solution which has a higher concentration of solutes than the cells immersed in it?
Hypertonic
195
What vitamin is produced when you are exposed to sunlight by special cells in your skin?
Vitamin D
196
Which phylum in the animal kingdom has a name which means Jointed foot?
Arthropoda
197
A DNA molecule consists of two long polynucleotide chains composed of four types of four types of nucleotide sub-units each known as a DNA chain or what other name?
Strand or DNA Strand
198
A nephron in the human kidney has 2 main parts 1 part is the renal tubule what is the other part?
The renal corpuscle
199
Animal cells contain membrane bound organelles filled with enzymes that have the ability to break down many different types of biomolecules what are these organelles called?
Lysosomes
200
Derived from a Greek word meaning partition what is the name of the structure in the human body that separates the thoracic cavity form the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
201
Derived from a word that literally means twisted berry what is the full name for the genus of gram-positive bacteria often occurring in chains of varying lengths and mostly responsible for throat respiratory and skin infections?
Streptococcus
202
Derived from the Greek meaning to eat or devour what is the name for immune cells whose main role is to circulate and ingest and destroy microbes and cellular debris?
Phagocytes
203
Emulsification of fats is a necessary process in digestion and it is carried out with the assistance of the enzyme lipase secreted by the pancreas where specifically does this emulsification takes place?
In the small intestines
204
First thoroughly studied in 1877 by German Wilhelm Pfeffer What is the name of the process in which there is a spontaneous passage or diffusion of water or other solvents through a semi-permeable membrane in plants?
Osmosis
205
Gastropoda and Bivalvia are classes of organisms belonging to what phylum?
Mollusca or Molluscs
206
How many lobes are in the human liver?
4
207
How many phalanges are there in the human hand?
14
208
In a plant cell what is responsible for transporting modifying and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations?
The Golgi apparatus
209
In evolutionary theory what name is given to the biological mechanism by which organisms adjust to new environments?
Adaptation
210
In genetics what is the name of the process which occurs when a chromosome breaks and the fragmented pieces reattach to different chromosomes?
Translocation
211
In Genetics what term is used to describe a zygote which has received the same alleles of a genomic marker from each biological parent?
Homozygous
212
In humans what is the name for the developing offspring after the embryonic stage prior to birth?
Foetus
213
In which specific mode of nutrition do organisms consume their daily food in the form of dead and decomposed matter?
Saprophytic nutrition
214
In which specific part of the human body does the formation of white blood cells occur?
Bone marrow
215
Labyrinthitis is an infection affecting which organ of the human body?
Ear or inner ear
216
Legumes belong to which family in the plant kingdom?
Fabaceae or Leguminosae
217
Of the eight main blood types in humans specifically which one is the most rare?
AB-
218
Specifically what is the name for the blood vessel that carries oxygen depleted blood back to the heart from the lower part of the body?
Inferior Vena cava
219
The deficiency of what vitamin causes scurvy?
Vitamin C
220
The primary function of the corpus luteum in women is secretion of which hormone for the maintenance of pregnancy?
Progesterone
221
The pulp cavity of each tooth in humans includes 2 main parts 1 is the pulp chamber which is the upper section contained within the crown what is the name of the other?
Root canal
222
What are the two main blood proteins in the human body?
Albumin and globulin
223
What hormone controls the body’s salt and water balance?
Aldosterone
224
What Human organ keeps the amount of fluids constant in the body?
Kidney
225
What is the adjective used to describe animals producing young by means of eggs which are hatched within the body of the parent as in some snakes?
Ovoviviparous
226
What is the collective name for marine aquatic organisms that includes crustaceans, rotifers, etc.
Zooplankton
227
What is the full and complete common name for the organism which biologists refer to as Carcharodon carcharias?
The great white shark
228
What is the more popular name for the third molar tooth in humans?
Wisdom tooth
229
What is the name for a relationship between individuals of two species in which 1 species obtain food or other benefits from the other without either harming or benefiting the latter?
Commensalism
230
What is the name for a small circular non-chromosomal DNA molecule found in bacteria and some other microscopic organisms?
Plasmid
231
What is the name for an interaction in which in which one organism (the predator) eats all or part of the body of another organism (the Prey)?
Predation
232
What is the name for microorganisms whose actions results in the conversion of nitrates in soil to free atmospheric nitrogen?
Denitrifying bacteria
233
What is the name for photosynthesizing microscopic protists and bacteria that inhabit the upper sun lit layer of marine and fresh water bodies of water on earth?
microalgae or Phytoplankton
234
What is the name for plastids that produce and store starch within internal membrane compartments of a plant cell?
Amyloplasts
235
What is the name for the air sacs in the cytoplasm of an amoeba?
Vacuoles
236
What is the name for the entire genetic material of an organism?
Genome
237
What is the name for the fluid and solute component of blood which does not play a role in clotting?
Serum
238
What is the name for the formation of a blood clot limiting the natural flow of blood?
Thrombosis
239
What is the name for the internal walls that divide the hyphae of fungi into cells?
Septa or septum
240
What is the name for the main nerves of the human body’s parasympathetic nervous system?
Vagus or vagal nerve
241
What is the name of a tree’s pipeline for water moving up to the leaves?
Sapwood/ Xylem
242
What is the name of the composite organism that arises out of a stable symbiotic relationship between a fungus and algae?
Lichen
243
what is the name of the enzyme that converts trypsinogen into active trypsin?
Enterokinase
244
What is the name of the gelatinous material that lines the lungs and throat?
mucus
245
What is the name of the joint which allows movement in one plane for example the elbow?
Hinge joint
246
What is the name of the largest artery in the human body?
Aorta
247
What is the name of the longest part of the cell cycle?
Interphase
248
What is the name of the main enzyme Involved in blood coagulation and platelet aggregation and which converts fibrinogen to fibrin?
Thrombin
249
What is the name of the muscle groups that are situated in between the ribs that create and move the chest walls in the human body?
Intercostal muscles
250
What is the name of the outermost layer of the wall of the human heart?
Epicardium
251
What is the name of the paired bone of the human pelvis that form the lower and back part of the hip bone?
Ischium
252
What is the name of the process by which sexual reproduction occurs in Spirogyra?
Conjugation
253
What is the name of the process in which some organisms utilize energy derived from chemical reactions in their bodies to manufacture food from simple substances?
Chemosynthesis
254
What is the name of the process used to create an exact genetic replica of another Cell tissue or organism?
Cloning
255
What is the name of the relationship between individuals of two species in which one species obtains food or benefits from the other without harming or benefitting the other species?
Commensalism
256
what is the name of the yellow or brown carotenoid pigment which causes the autumn colour of leaves?
Xanthophyll
257
What is the scientific term for the gradual increase in the concentration of dissolved nutrients in an aging aquatic ecosystem such as a lake?
Eutrophication
258
What is the smallest bone in the human body?
Stapes
259
What is the specific name for a genotype where an individual inherits 2 copies of a dominant gene?
Homozygous dominant
260
What is the specific name for the surveying method used when there is a gradual change from one side of a habitat to another like the change in light between the outer edges of a forest to the centre?
Belt transect
261
What is the specific name for the upper layer of ground tissue in a leaf consisting of elongated cells beneath and perpendicular to the upper epidermis and which is the primary area of photosynthesis?
Palisade
262
What scientific term is used to refer to the initial stage of digestion during which digested food is mechanically broken down into small particles for ease of swallowing?
Mastication
263
What term is used to describe a solution which has the same concentration of solutes as the cells immersed in it?
Isotonic
264
What term refers to the presence of two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism’s cells with each parent contributing a chromosome to each pair?
Diploid
265
What two blood vessels are linked by capillaries in the human body?
Veins and arteries
266
What type of leaf is made up of two or more leaflets that branch into different leaflets and is connected by a single petiole?
Compound leaf
267
Which artery carries blood from the aorta to the kidneys?
Renal artery
268
Which Bacterial disease is nicknamed the blue death because the severe dehydration caused the body to take on a desiccated blue-gray tone?
Cholera
269
Which blood type can be used in transfusions for all other blood types?
O (O negative)
270
Which disease is known colloquially as the white death or historically as consumption?
Tuberculosis
271
Which mosquito born disease has a name which originates in the African Kimakonde language and means becoming contorted describing the stooped appearance of those who suffer from persistent Joint pain?
Chikungunya
272
Which of the following sampling methods is most suitable for determining the density of mushrooms in a garden
quadrat
273
Which phylum in the animal kingdom has a name which means spiny skin?
Echinodermata
274
Which word from the Greek meaning drifter is the name for organisms that float or move passively in their aquatic habitat?
Plankton
275
What is the name for the leaf shaped flap of cartilage that keeps food and liquids out of the trachea when humans swallow?
Epiglottis
276
What is the name of the oval or bean shaped organs that help the human body to fight infections?
Lymph Nodes
277
What is the name for the assertion of liquids through a tube or cylinder?
Capillarity
278
What part of the human body is “la mejilla”?
The cheek
279
What part of the human body is “la uña del dedo del pie”?
The toenail
280
What is the name of the pigment which when found in high levels in the blood causes Jaundice?
Bilirubin
281
What is the inner most layer of the human skin made of fat and connective tissues called?
Hypodermis
282
A deficiency in which vitamin leads to weakness in muscles and increases infertility?
Vitamin E
283
Bones muscles and Joints are all part of which system of the human body?
Musculoskeletal system
284
By which gland in the human body is the follicle stimulating hormone secreted?
Pituitary gland
285
Corpus unguis is the scientific name for which specific part of the human body?
The nail plate
286
Epinephrine is another name for which hormone?
Adrenaline
287
Glucagon is a peptide hormone produced by the alpha cells of which organ in the human body?
The pancreas
288
How many baby teeth are in the upper jaw of humans?
10
289
How many incisors can be found in the mouth of an adult human?
8
290
How many Layers are there in a tree trunk?
5
291
How many molars can be found in the mouth of an adult human?
12
292
How many pairs of legs does a cockroach have?
3
293
How many permanent teeth are in the upper jaw of humans?
16
294
In eukaryotic cells where does respiration occurs?
Mitochondria
295
In the bible how old was Ishmael when he was circumcised by his father Abraham?
13 years old
296
In the Taxonomic rank to which phylum do rag worms belong?
Annelida
297
In the taxonomic rank to which phylum do round worms belong?
Nematoda
298
In which gland in the human body is the hormone calcitonin secreted?
Thyroid gland
299
In which layer of the human skin are blood vessels hair follicles nerve endings and sebaceous glands located?
Dermis
300
In which organ of the body is the enzyme trypsin produced?
The pancreas
301
In which part of the body does blood pick up nutrients and transport them to other parts?
Small intestines
302
In which specific part of the human body can you find the only bone that is not connected to another bone?
Neck
303
Is the gestation period of a goat closer to 100, 150 or 200 days?
150
304
Is the gestation period of an elephant closer to 450, 500 or 650 days?
650 days
305
Mustard, carrot, beet root?
Tap roots
306
The bone marrow, thymus and lymph nodes are all part of which system of the human body?
The lymphatic system
307
The deficiency of which vitamin increases the time taken by human blood to clot?
Vitamin K
308
The Digitus medius manus is the scientific name for which specific part of the human body?
The middle finger
309
The VRG is the abbreviation for a column of neurones in the human body What does VRG Stand for?
Ventral respiratory group
310
To which class in the animal kingdom do centipedes belong?
Chilipoda
311
To which order in the animal kingdom do bats belong?
Chiroptera
312
To which order of insects to beetles belong?
Coleoptera
313
To which phylum do cockroaches belong?
Arthropoda
314
To Which phylum in the animal kingdom do amphibians belong?
Chordata
315
Track and field athletes are often diagnosed as having an ACL injury where in the human body is the ACL?
The Knee
316
Trypsin Catalyses the breakdown of protein into which simpler products?
peptides and amino acids
317
Vasopressin is another name for which hormone?
Anti diuretic hormone (ADH)
318
What are the two main types of plankton?
Phytoplankton and zooplankton
319
What class of vertebrates Consists of very primitive fishes lacking jaws and paired fins and considered to be parasites and scavengers?
Agnatha
320
What class of vertebrates is characterised by a bony skeleton rather than a Cartilaginous one?
Osteichthyes
321
What hormone controls calcium levels in human bone and blood?
Parathyroid hormone/ Calcitonin
322
What hormone regulates blood sugar level in the body by allowing cells to absorb and use glucose for energy?
Insulin
323
What is another name for the breastbone in humans?
Sternum
324
What is generally referred to as the living part of a cell?
Protoplasm
325
What is the collective name for the female reproductive parts of a flower?
Pistil
326
What is the collective names for the bones that are responsible for transmitting sound waves from the ear drum to the middle ear in humans?
Ossicles
327
What is the generic name for the type of cells that provide physical and chemical support for neurons?
Gleal cells
328
What is the largest digestive gland in the human body?
The liver
329
What is the longest part of the Human’s digestive system?
Small intestine
330
What is the medical term for a doctor who specialises in diseases of the lungs?
Pulmonologist
331
What is the name for the cells responsible for generating contractile force in the intact human heart?
Cardiomyocytes
332
What is the name for the chemical junction between the terminal of 1 neurone and the dendrites of another neurone?
Synapse
333
What is the name for the chemical released by the human body as part of its immune response and also when coping with allergens?
Histamine
334
What is the name for the diverse group of lymphocytes that recognise attack and kill foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria?
T-Cells
335
What is the name for the junction of the retina and optic nerve in humans where no sensory cells are found?
Blind spot
336
What is the name for the main stalk that supports the solitary flower or an inflorescence?
Peduncle
337
What is the name for the removal of excess water from plants via evaporation through the Stomata?
Transpiration
338
What is the name for the removal of water via hydrostatic pressure from the xylem of leaves when the stomata are closed?
Guttation
339
What is the name for the site of transmission of electric nerve impulses between two nerve cells in the body?
Synapse
340
What is the name for the specialised skin cell that that produces the protective skin darkening pigment melanin?
Melanocytes
341
What is the name of the final physical Cell division that follows telophase?
Cytokinesis
342
What is the name of the muscle layer of the human heart?
Myocardium
343
What is the name of the Muscular tube that connects the mouth and the stomach in humans?
oesophagus
344
What is the name of the opening that equalises air pressure on either side of the tympanic membrane in the human ear?
Eustachian tube
345
What is the name of the organic and inorganic substances that constitutes the nucleus and mitochondria of a cell?
Protoplasm
346
What is the name of the primary stage of cellular respiration where glucose is partially broken down in enzyme reactions that do not need oxygen?
Glycolysis
347
What is the name of the process by which food is crushed and ground by the teeth and is the first step of digestion?
Mastication or chewing
348
What is the name of the process in the human body that allows for substance to pass from the mouth and into the oesophagus while shutting the epiglottis?
Swallowing
349
What is the name of the second stage of cellular respiration that occurs in all aerobic organisms?
The Krebs cycle or the Citric acid cycle
350
What is the name of the shortest stage of mitosis during which the sister chromatids break apart and the chromosomes begin to move to opposite ends of the cell?
Anaphase
351
What is the name of the small pink globular spot at the inner corner of the medial canthus of the human eye?
Lachrymal caruncle
352
What is the name of the specialist who diagnoses and treat conditions relating to the feet and lower leg?
Podiatrist
353
What is the name of the structure that connects a developing foetus in humans to the uterine wall there by allowing nutrient uptake?
Placenta
354
What is the name of the structure that maintains the shape an internal organization of a cell and provides it with mechanical support?
Cytoskeleton
355
What is the name of the tissue that covers and protects the plant?
Dermal tissue
356
What is the outer skeleton of a snail called?
Shell
357
What is the PH of the cytoplasm of a cell?
7.4
358
What is the pipeline through which food is passed in a tree?
Inner bark or the phloem
359
What is the scientific name for the tailbone in the human body?
Coccyx
360
What is the scientific name for the voice box?
The larynx
361
What is the smallest gland in the human body?
Pituitary gland or hypophysis
362
What is the specific term for the scientific study of the microscopic structure of cells and tissues?
Histology
363
What is the technical term used to refer to the scientific classification of plants and animals?
Taxonomy
364
What is the tube-like structure that carries nerve impulses away from a cell body called?
Axon
365
What is the weakest and softest bone in humans?
The collar bone
366
What part of the brainstem links the human brain to the spinal cord and handles all unconscious movement and processes?
The pons
367
What two bones are found in the lower leg of humans?
Tibia and fibula
368
What type of animal does an avivore consume?
Birds
369
What type of creature does a Vermivore consume?
Worms
370
What type of human tissue stimulates muscles and transmits information within the body?
Nervous tissue
371
What type of joint is found at the elbows and knees in the body?
Hinge
372
What type of stomata are surrounded by 3 subsidiary cells having unequal sizes?
Anisocytic stomata
373
What type of stomata are surrounded by two types of subsidiaries which are located parallel to the stomatal pore?
Parasitic stomata
374
What type of teeth in humans are responsible for tearing and gripping food?
Canine
375
What type of tissue consists of continually dividing cells found in meristems of plants?
Meristematic tissue
376
Wheat, maize and banana are examples of what type of roots?
Fibrous
377
Which bird’s eye is larger or bigger than its brain?
Ostrich
378
Which cavity consists of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?
ventral cavity
379
Which cavity in the human body contains the spinal cord the Nervous system and spinal column?
Dorsal cavity or vertebral cavity
380
Which enzyme is contained in human saliva which breaks down the starch in foods?
Amalyse
381
Which fluid in our mouths contain substances that can kill germs?
Saliva
382
Which gland located at the base of the brain just below the hypothalamus produces hormones which affect growth and reproduction?
Pituitary gland
383
Which Gland located in the human chest produces hormones that change T-cells into different types of disease fighters?
The thymus gland
384
Which gland of the human body is often referred to as the master gland?
Pituitary gland
385
Which gland releases the steroid hormone Cortisone?
Adrenal gland
386
Which hormone controls oestrogen and testosterone production as well as ovulation in the human body?
Luteinizing hormone
387
Which human organ removes waste and extra fluid from your body?
Kidney
388
Which organ is the largest gland in the human body?
The liver
389
Which plankton spends only part of its larval or reproductive stage as part of the plankton?
Meroplankton
390
Which process starting with the letter ‘A’ includes the absorption and metabolising of the end products of digestion into the cells of the digestive tract?
Assimilation
391
Which process starting with the letter ‘E’ is the one through which undigested an indigested food is expelled through the anus or cell vacuoles?
Egestion
392
Which protein is the main ingredient in hair and nails in the human body?
Keratin
393
Which specific bird have a name which means bird of prey?
Osprey
394
Which type of tissue protects the internal organs against the invasions of pathogens toxins and physical trauma?
Epithelial tissue
395
Who is known as the father of human anatomy?
Andreas Vesalius
