BIOCHEM PART 4

Question 1

Use as diluent, binder, disintegrant

Answer 1

Starch

Question 2

A linear, composed of 250 to 300 D- glucopyranose units

Answer 2

Amylose

Question 3

Branching (every25units) consists of 1000 or more glucose units

Answer 3

Amylopectin

Question 4

Amylose bond

Answer 4

linked by α -1, 4 glucosidic bonds

Question 5

Amylopectin bond

Answer 5

α-1,4 linkages, α -1,6 (branch)

Question 6

Starch that is more soluble in water

Answer 6

Amylose

Question 7

Amylose + iodine

Answer 7

deep blue complex

Question 8

amylopectin+iodine

Answer 8

blue-violet or purple color

Question 9

20% starch molecule

Answer 9

Amylose

Question 10

80% starch molecule

Answer 10

Amylopectin

Question 11

an enzyme present in pancreatic juice and saliva, hydrolyzes starch by a random splitting of α -1,4-glycosidic linkages.

Answer 11

Alpha -amylase

Question 12

Enzyme present in saliva

Answer 12

ptyalin

Question 13

Enzyme present in pancreatin

Answer 13

amylopsin

Question 14

Alpha -amylase end product

Answer 14

glucose, maltose, amylopectin

Question 15

Produces its effect by removing maltose units from the nonreducing ends of polysaccharide molecules.

Answer 15

ß- Amylase

Question 16

Enzyme involve in fruit ripening

Answer 16

ß- Amylase

Question 17

Enzyme involve in fruit ripening

Answer 17

ß- Amylase

Question 18

Glycogen bond

Answer 18

α 1, 4 and α 1, 6 every 8-10 units

Question 19

Cellulose bond

Answer 19

β 1, 4 glycosidic bond

Question 20

Most abundant carbohydrate in nature

Answer 20

Cellulose

Question 21

Diagnostic agent for kidney fxn.

Answer 21

Inulin

Question 22

Inulin bond

Answer 22

β 1, 2 glycosidic bond

Question 23

Protective barrier, fertilizer, flavorants, emulsifying agent

Answer 23

Chitin

Question 24

Homopolymers of N-acetyl-B-D- glucosamine

Answer 24

Chilin

Question 25

adjunct in the treatment of shock also use as plasma expander

Answer 25

10% solution dextran

Question 26

Class of low molecular carbohydrates produced from the partial hydrolysis of starch

Answer 26

Dextrin

Question 27

Adhesive stiffening agent (surgical cast), diluent, binder, thickening agent

Answer 27

Dextrin

Question 28

Fisher Projection is developed by

Answer 28

Emil Fischer

Question 29

2 dimensional representation of 3D molecule using vertical and horizontal line

Answer 29

Fisher Projection

Question 30

Visual projections that can still determine the stereoisomers

Answer 30

Fisher Projection

Question 31

Determine the # of stereoisomers in a monosaccharide

Answer 31

Van’t hoff rule

Question 32

Provide a more exact representation of the three-dimensional conformation of sugars in nature

Answer 32

"boat and "chair" forms

Question 33

Compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structures.

Answer 33

Isomers

Question 34

Stereoisomer also known as

Answer 34

configurational isomers

Question 35

Compounds wherein the atoms are connected in the same way, but differ in how it’s arranged in space.

Answer 35

Stereoisomer

Question 36

4 different attachments one that has four different groups attached to it. cannot be superimposed on its mirror image

Answer 36

Chiral molecule

Question 37

Stereoisomers that are non-superimposable images of each other Chirality is a property of it.

Answer 37

Enantiomer

Question 38

Differ in some stereocenter but are not mirror image. Stereoisomers that are not enantiomers/mirror images of each other.

Answer 38

DIASTEREOMER

Question 39

Diastereomers that differ ONLY in the configuration at a single chiral carbon atom

Answer 39

EPIMER

Question 40

The only carbon in the molecule that is bonded to two oxygen atoms, usually carbon. The carbon on which this occurs is therefore called an anomeric carbon.

Answer 40

ANOMER

Question 41

An organic chemical reaction by an aldehyde or ketone with a cyanide anion or a nitrile to form a cyanohydrin

Answer 41

Cyanohydrin formation

Question 42

Cyanohydrin formation is also known as

Answer 42

Kiliani Fischer

Question 43

A reaction used to increase the # of carbon of a sugar

Answer 43

Cyanohydrin formation

Question 44

Removal of 1 carbon atom from molecule of an aldose

Answer 44

Ruff Degradation

Question 45

Interconversion or transformation from aldose to ketose or from ketose to aldose, this process will then perform unsaturated alcohol

Answer 45

Lobry de Bruyn Degradation

Question 46

The carbonyl group of Aldose will be linked to phenylhydrazine

Answer 46

Osazonereaction

Question 47

means the addition of oxygen to a molecule or the removal of hydrogen from a molecule.

Answer 47

Oxidation reaction

Question 48

means the addition of hydrogen to a molecule or the removal of oxygen from a molecule

Answer 48

Reduction reaction

Question 49

berries of mountain ash

Answer 49

Sorbitol

Question 50

Half as sweet as sucrose

Answer 50

Sorbitol

Question 51

Humectant in toothpaste

Answer 51

Sorbitol

Question 52

component of tweens and spans – used as emulsifying agent/surfactants

Answer 52

Sorbitan

Question 53

Mannitol is isolated from the plant

Answer 53

Fraxinus Ornus or “manna plant”

Question 54

The hydroxyl groups of monosaccharide can react with inorganic oxyacids to form inorganic esters.

Answer 54

Phosphorylation