Biochemical Tests Part 1 Flashcards
(110 cards)
1
Q
Determines an organisms ability to use acetamide as a sole source of carbon
A
Acetamide Utilization test
Acetamide Utilization (+) organisms produce acylamidase > deaminates acetamide > releasing ammonia
*Alkaline pH = Green to royal blue
2
Q
Positive QC for Acetamide utilization test
A
P. aeruginosa
3
Q
Negative QC for Acetamide Utilization Test
A
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
4
Q
Determines an organism’s ability to use acetate as a sole source of carbon
A
Acetate Utilization Test
Differentiates E. coli to Shigella spp.
5
Q
Positive result for Acetamide utilization test
A
Color change from green to royal blue
*Due to change in pH (Alkaline)
6
Q
Positive QC for Acetate Utilization test
A
E. coli
7
Q
Negative QC for Acetate Utilization test
A
Shigella flexneri
8
Q
Positive result for Acetate utilization test
A
Blue
*Due to change in pH (Alkaline)
9
Q
Acetamide and Acetate utilization tests requires incubation at what temp and for how long?
A
35 deg C for up to 7 days
10
Q
This test detects the presence of enzyme butyrate esterase
A
Butyrate Esterase Test
11
Q
Positive QC for Butyrate Esterase Test
A
Moraxella catarrhalis
12
Q
What is the old name for Moraxella catarrhalis
A
Branhamella catarrhalis
13
Q
What is the susbtrate used for Butyrase Esterase Test
A
Bromo-chloro-indolyl butyrate impregnated disks
14
Q
The negative QC for Butyrate Esterase test
A
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
15
Q
Positive result for Butyrase Esterase Test
A
Blue within 5 minutes
16
Q
Other name for Butyrate esterase test
A
Butyrate disk or Catarrhalis test
*Rapid test to detect Moraxella Catarrhalis
17
Q
This test is used to differentiate Staphylococci and Streptococci
A
Catalase Test
*Staphylococci (Cat +), Streptococci (Cat -)
18
Q
Reagent used for Catalase test
A
Hydrogen Peroxide
19
Q
Positive result for Catalase test
A
Effervescence or Bubbling
20
Q
Positive QC for Catalase Test
A
Staph aureus
21
Q
Negative QC for Catalase Test
A
Streptococcus pyogenes
22
Q
This test differentiates S. aureus to other Staphylococci
A
Coagulase test
23
Q
Reagent used for Coagulase Test
A
Rabbit plasma w/ 0.5 mL EDTA
24
Q
Slide tests and Tube tests for coagulase detects?
A
Slide test = Bound Coagulase
Tube test = Free Coagulase
Slide test (Screening), Tube test (Confirmatory)
25
Positive QC for Coagulase test
S. aureus
26
Negative QC for Coagulase test
S. epidermidis
27
What is the positive result for Coagulase test
Visible clumping/clotting of any size
28
This test detects an organism's ability to produce gelatinase
Gelatinase/Gelatin Hydrolysis Test
## Footnote
Presumptive test for the identification of various organisms, including Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, and some gram-positive bacilli
29
Positive result for Coagulase Slide test
Clumping seen w/in 10 min
30
Positive result for Tube Coagulase test
Clumping/Coagulation after 4 hours
## Footnote
*If negative after 4 hrs, incubate overnight then recheck
31
Positive test for Gelatinase/Gelatin Hydrolysis test
Liquefaction of the inoculated tube at 4 deg C w/in 14 days
32
Positive QC for Gelatinase test
Serratia liquifaciens
33
Negative QC for Gelatinase test
Enterobacter aerogenes
34
A test for the enzyme hippuricase/Hippurate hydrolase
Hippurate
## Footnote
*Test medium must only contain hippurate: Ninhydrin reagent might react with any free amino acid present in growth media or broths
35
What are the end products for Hippurate test
Glycine & Benzoic Acid
36
Positive QC for Hippurate Test
Group B Strep: Strep agalactiae
37
Negative QC for Hippurate test
Strep. pyogenes
38
This is a presumptive test for gram positive, catalase negative cocci
Leucine aminopeptidase test
39
What is the substrate used for LAP test
Leucine-beta-naphthylamide
40
Reagent for LAP test
Cinnamaldehyde
41
Product of LAP test
Beta-naphthylamine
42
Positive QC for LAP test
Streptococcus/Enterococcus
43
Positive result for LAP test
Red color w/in 1 min after addition of cinnamaldehyde
44
Negative result for LAP test
No color change or Slight yellow
45
Negative QC for LAP test
Leuconostoc spp.
46
Rapid test wich detects gram positive, catalase positive cocci (Staph and Micrococcus)
Microdase test
## Footnote
*aka Modified oxidase test
Detects the enzyme Oxidase
In the presence of atmospheric oxygen: OXIDASE ENZYME reacts with OXIDASE REAGENT and CYTOCHROME C = Indophenol (Colored compound)
47
Positive result for Microdase test
Blue to purple color
## Footnote
Reagent of Microdase test: Disk impregnated with Tetramethyl-Para-Phenylenediamine dihydrochloride + Dimethyl Sulfoxide
48
Positive QC of Microdase test
Micrococcus
## Footnote
*MICROdase for MICROcoccus
49
Negative QC for Microdase test
Staphylococcus
50
Detects B-Glucoronidase
MUG test
## Footnote
*aka 4-Methylumbelliferyl-b-d-Glucuronide (MUG) Test - Impregnated disk
-Also used as presumptive identification of Enterobacteriaceae and verotoxin producing E. coli (0157-H7 is neg)
51
Positive result for MUG
Electric blue fluorescence under UV light
52
Positive QC for MUG test
E. coli except (0157-H7)
53
Negative QC for MUG test
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
54
Determines the presence of bacterial enzyme cytochrome oxidase activity in microorganisms
## Footnote
For the identification of oxidase-negative Enterobacteriaceae, differentiating them from other gram-negative bacilli
Oxidase Test
55
Reagent for Oxidase Test
Tetramethyl-para-phenylenediamine dihydrochlodride
56
Positive result for Oxidase test
Purple
## Footnote
*Development of Dark purple color within 10 sec
57
Positive QC for Oxidase Test
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
58
Negative QC for Oxidase Test
Escherichia coli
59
Detects the presence of the enzyme l-pyrrolidonyl arylamidase
## Footnote
Presumptive identification of group A streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes) and Enterococci
PYR test
## Footnote
*l-Pyrrolidonyl ArylAmidAse (Pyr) Test
60
Enzyme detected in PYR test
Pyrollidonyl arylamidase/PYRase
61
Reagent for PYR test
N-N dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde
62
Positive result for PYR test
Bright red color w/in 5 min after addition of the reagent
63
Positive QC for PYR test
Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A)
Enterococcus faecalis
64
Negative QC for PYR test
Streptococcus mitis
65
Differentiates Group D enterococci and Group D non-enterococci
Bile Esculin Test
## Footnote
-Gram (+) organisms inhibited by Bile Salts
-Organisms capable of growth in the presence of 4% bile and able to hydrolyze esculin to esculetin will demonstrate growth
66
What is the H2S indicator for Bile Esculin Test
Ferric Ammonium Citrate
## Footnote
*All H2S indicator = FAC except TSI = FAS (Ferric Ammonium Sulfide)
67
Positive result for Bile Esculin Test
Blackening of Agar
68
Positive QC for Bile Esculin Test
Group D Enterococci
69
Negative QC for Bile Esculin Test
Streptococcus mitis
70
Primarily used to isolate and purify Pseudomonas aeruginosa from contaminated specimens
Cetrimide Agar
## Footnote
Cetrimide is toxic to many bacteria except for P. aeruginosa
71
Positive result for Cetrimide Agar Test
Growth (Color change: Yellow-green to Blue-green colonies)
72
Positive QC for Cetrimide Agar
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
73
Negative QC for Cetrimide Agar
E. coli
74
Determines the ability of an organism to grow in high salt concentration
## Footnote
Primarily used to differentiate Enterococci from Non-Enterococci
Salt Tolerance Test
## Footnote
-Enterococci are resistant to high salt concentration
-Heart infusion broth w/ ____ salt conc. is used as a test medium
75
Concentration of salt used in Salt Tolerance Test
6.5% NaCl
## Footnote
*MSA is 7.5% NaCl
76
What is the indicator used for Salt Tolerance Test
Bromcrescol Purple
77
Positive result for Salt Tolerance Test
Visible turbidity (Color change from pink to yellow)
78
Negative Result for Salt Tolerance Test
No turbidity (Pink = No color change)
79
Positive QC for Salt Tolerance Test
Group D enterococcus
80
Negative QC for Salt Tolerance Test
Group D non-enterococcus
81
Presumptive identification and differentiation of beta-hemolytic group A streptococci from other beta-hemolytic streptococci
## Footnote
Also used to distinguish staphylococci species from micrococci
Bacitracin Test
82
Other name for Bacitracin
Taxo A
## Footnote
*bAcitracin = taxo A, oPtochin = taxo P
83
What is the concentration of Bacitracin to be used
0.04 U of Bacitracin
84
Positive result for Bacitracin Test
Any zone of inhibition
## Footnote
After incubation in 35 deg C for 18-24 hours
85
Positive QC for Bacitracin Test
Streptococcus pyogenes
## Footnote
*Group A Streptococci
86
Negative QC for Bacitracin Test
S. agalactiae
87
Differentiates Streptoccus pneumoniae from other alpha hemolytic streptococci
Bile Solubility Test
## Footnote
*Bile (ex. sodium deoxycholate) rapidly lyses pneumococcal colonies (Lysis depends on presence of amidase)
88
What is the concentration of bile to be used in Bile Solubility test when the organism is plated
10% Sodium Deoxycholate
89
What is the concentration of bile to be used in Bile Solubility test when the organism is in a tube
2% Sodium deoxycholate
90
Positive result for Bile solubility test
Dissolution of Colonies
## Footnote
*After incubation at 35 deg C for 30 min
91
Positive and Negative QC for Bile solubility Test
Positive QC: Streptococcus pneumoniae
Negatie QC: E. faecalis
## Footnote
S. pneumoniae (+), Other alpha hemolytic organisms (-)
92
Test to determine the effect of Taxo P to the growth of a particular organism
## Footnote
Can be used to differentiate S. pneumoniae to other alpha hemolytic strep
Optochin Test
## Footnote
Cultures are incubated at 35 de C for 24 hrs at 5% CO2
93
Positive result for Optochin Test
Zone of inhibition >14mm
## Footnote
ZOI of <14 mm is questionable
94
Positive and Negative QC for Optochin Test
Positive QC: Streptococcus peumoniae
Negative QC: Streptococcus mitis
## Footnote
Optochin lyses pneumococci (positive test), but alpha-streptococci are resistant (negative test)
95
Used to determine whether a gram negative rod utilized glucose and lactose or sucrose fermentatively and forms hydrogen sulfide
Triple Sugar Iron Test
96
Sugars used in Triple Sugar Iron Test
| Include concentration of each
Lactose (10 parts) = 1%
Sucrose (10 parts) = 1%
Glucose (1 part) = 0.1%
97
pH indicator for TSI
Phenol Red
## Footnote
*TX MU C Aling Dionesia Pacquiao (TSI, XLD, MSA, Cystine Trypticase Agar, Urease, Acidemetry, Dermatophyte Test Medium = Phenol Red)
98
H2S Indicator for TSI
Ferrous Ammonium Sulfate
## Footnote
*All media with H2S Indicator = FAC (Ferric Ammonium Citrate) except TSI = FAS
99
Results and interpretation of TSI
Yellow = Acidic
Red = Alkaline
Black = H2S +
Breaks on medium = Gas production
## Footnote
Pag phenol red ang indicator same results
*TSI should be read within 24 hrs (Fermentation products are oxidized and slant reverts back to alkaline state = False neg)
100
How to inoculate TSI media
Stab then Streak
101
E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter presentation on TSI medium
A/A, Gas (+), H2S (-)
102
Presentation of Shigella on TSI
K/A, Gas (-), H2S (-)
## Footnote
*Shigellla non-lactose fermenter (Sugars Can Kill My PaPa Ed)
*H2S (SPACE)
103
Presentation of Salmonella Arizonae, Citrobacter, Edwardsiella, Proteus on TSI
K/A, Gas(+), H2S (+)
## Footnote
*H2S + (SPACE)
*Non Lactose Fermenter (Sugars Can Kill My PaPa Ed)
*Late Lactose Fermenter (Yana Eats Half Sugar Cookies)
104
Presentation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
K/K, Gas (-), H2S (-)
## Footnote
*Pseudomonas CANNOT ferment GLUCOSE
105
Used to determine if a gram negative rod decarboxylates or deaminates lysine and forms hydrogen sulfide
Lysine Iron Agar
## Footnote
*LIA composition: Lysine, Peptones, Small amount of Glucose
106
pH Indicator of Lysine Iron Agar
Bromcrescol Purple
## Footnote
Results: Acidic (Yellow), Alkaline (Purple)
107
H2S Indicator of Lysine Iron Agar
Ferric Ammonium Citrate
## Footnote
*All media H2S Indicator = FAC except TSI = FAS
108
Lysine decarboxylase product
Cadaverine
109
Inoculation of organisms in LIA
Stab, Streak, Stab
110
Sulfur Source of LIA
Sodium Thiosulfate
