Biochemicals

Question 1

What is the principle of the Methyl Red test?

Answer 1

If the organism can produce acid/neutral products via Glucose Fermentation.

Question 2

What is the principle of the Voges-Proskauer test?

Answer 2

IF the product is Acetone from glucose fermentation

Question 3

What is the principle of the Citrate test?

Answer 3

If the organism can use Citrate as its sole source of carbon.

Question 4

What is the Principe of the Phenylalanine test?

Answer 4

Ability to deaminate Phenylalanine to Phenylpyruvic acid

Question 5

What is the principle of the Indole test?

Answer 5

Spit indole from amino acid Tryprophane

Question 6

What is the principle of the KIA test?

Answer 6

Ability to ferment lactose and/or glucose with/without Gas production as well as H2S

Question 7

What is the principle of the motility test?

Answer 7

If an organism is motile (flagellated) or non-motile (non-flagellated)

Question 8

What is the principle of the Urease test?

Answer 8

Able to split Urea via Urease

Question 9

What is the principle of the Decarboxylase Dihydrolase test?

Answer 9

Presence of decarboxylase enzymes to break down Amino Acids to their Amine and CO2

Question 10

What is the principle of the Arginine Dihyrolase test?

Answer 10

If an organic has arginine dihydrolase to break down arginine

Question 11

What does a positive and negative mean in the methyl red test?

Answer 11

Positive used Mixed acid fermentation

Negative used Butylene Glycol

Question 12

What fermentation do positive VP organisms use?

Answer 12

Butylene glycol fermentation

Question 13

What is another name for the the phenylalanine test?

Answer 13

TDA

Question 14

What are the two procedures of the Indole test?

Answer 14

Ehrlich and Kovacs

Question 15

What is the advantage of one procedure over the other in the Indole test?

Answer 15

Ehrlich is more sensitive than Kovac

Question 16

What is the Ehrlich procedure used for?

Answer 16

GNR and anarobes

Question 17

What is the Kovacs procedure used for?

Answer 17

Enterobacteriaceae

Question 18

What is the substrate and product of the KIA test?

Answer 18

Sodium Thiosulfate + H2S –> Black ppt. which is Ferrous Sulfide.

Question 19

What is the difference in sugars among the Kia medias?

Answer 19

There is 10x more lactose than glucose and TSI has an additional 1% more sucrose

Question 20

What can be added to the motility test, why? What is its disadvantage?

Answer 20

Tetrazolium Salts which help to visualize motility but can be inhibitory

Question 21

What is the media used in urease? what is special about it?

Answer 21

Christens media and Proteus is strongly positive

Question 22

What are two amino acids broken down in the Dacarb test and what are they broken down to?

Answer 22

Lysine to cadaverine and Ornithine to Putrescine

Question 23

What is the substrate and reagent of the methyl red?

Answer 23

Glucose and methyl red

Question 24

What is the substrate and reagent of the VP test?

Answer 24

Glucose; alpha naphthol AND KOH

Question 25

What is the substrate and reagent of the Citrate test?

Answer 25

Citarte and NONE

Question 26

What is the substrate and reagent of the Phenylalanine test?

Answer 26

Phenylalanine and FeCl3

Question 27

What is the reagent used in the indole test?

Answer 27

P-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde-HCl

Question 28

What is the substrate and reagent of the motility test?

Answer 28

None and NONE

Question 29

What is the substrate and reagent of the Urease test?

Answer 29

Urea and NONE

Question 30

What is the substrate and reagent of the decarboxylase dihyrolase test?

Answer 30

Lysine or ornithine and none

Question 31

What is the substrate and reagent of the arginine dihyrolase test?

Answer 31

Argine and none

Question 32

What is a positive and negative of the methyl red test?

Answer 32

Red is (+), Yellow is (-)

Question 33

What is a positive and negative of the VP test?

Answer 33

Pink is (+), Yellow is (-)

Question 34

What is a positive and negative of the Citrate test?

Answer 34

Blue is (+), Green is (-)

Question 35

What is a positive and negative of the Phenylalanine test?

Answer 35

Dark Green is (+), Yellow is (-)

Question 36

What is a positive and negative of the Indole test?

Answer 36

Red line in middle is (+) for Ehrich on the top is (+) for Kovac, Yellow is (-)

Question 37

What is a positive and negative of the KIA test?

Answer 37

A/A is Glucose and lactose (Yellow/Yellow); K/A is only glucose (Pink/yellow) blacking with Pink top is assumed to have been glucose only and H2S (+) K/K is NONE (pink/pink)

Question 38

What is a positive and negative of the Motility test?

Answer 38

Fanned/turbid is (+), single line is (-)

Question 39

What is a positive and negative of the Urease tests?

Answer 39

Pink is (+), Yellow is (-)

Question 40

What is a positive and negative of the Decarboxylase dihyrdolase test?

Answer 40

Purple/brown is (+), Yellow is (-)

Question 41

What is a positive and negative of the Arginine dihydrolase test?

Answer 41

Purple/brown is (+), Yellow is (-)

Question 42

What two tests should not be read early?

Answer 42

KIA and the decarboxylase

Question 43

What is the principle of the carbohydrate 1% test?

Answer 43

Degrade carbohydrates to produce acid as well as gas or not

Question 44

What is the principle of the Oxidation Fermentation test?

Answer 44

Utilization of glucose either fermentative, oxidative or neither

Question 45

What is the principle of the Cytochrome Oxidase test?

Answer 45

Presence of oxidized cytochrome C

Question 46

What is the principle of the Nitrate test?

Answer 46

Reduce nitrate to nitrite OR nitrate to N2 gas

Question 47

What is the principle of the MUG test?

Answer 47

Looking for Beta-glucuronidase (in e.coli)

Question 48

What is the broth and indicator in the 1% carbohydrate test?

Answer 48

Purple Broth base, bromcresol Purple indicator

Question 49

What is the tube system called in OF, what is in it?

Answer 49

Hugh and Ceifson's, High Carbohydrate and Low peptones

Question 50

How do you inoculate the oxidase test?

Answer 50

NEVER nichrome loops, wooden applicator

Question 51

What is the medium with the nirate test?

Answer 51

Potassium nitrite

Question 52

What is the full name of the MUG test?

Answer 52

4-methylumbelliferyl-Beta-P-Glucurdase

Question 53

What is the substrate and reagent of the 1% carbohydrate test?

Answer 53

1!!! Carb and NONE

Question 54

What is the substrate and reagent of the OF test?

Answer 54

Glucose and NONE

Question 55

What is the substrate and reagent of the Cytochrome Oxidase test?

Answer 55

(filter paper) and 1% tetamethly-P-phenylenediaminedihyro chloride

Question 56

What is the substrate and reagent of the Nitate test?

Answer 56

Nitrate and first (alpha naphylamine, sulfonic acid) then if neg, zinc dust

Question 57

What is the substrate and reagent for the MUG test?

Answer 57

rapid test

Question 58

What is a positive and negative of the 1% carbohydrate test?

Answer 58

Yellow (+) and Purple (-)

Question 59

What is a positive and negative of the OF test?

Answer 59

Yellow in both = fermenter OR yellow in only oil= Oxidizer OR neither yellow (both green/red) = Asaccharolytic (non-oxidizer)

Question 60

What is a positive and negative of the Oxidase test?

Answer 60

Purple/blue (+), no change (-)

Question 61

What is a positive and negative of the Nitrate test?

Answer 61

Red (+) with first clear means you must add ZINC dust THEN RED (-) and CLEAR is (+)

Question 62

What is a positive and negative of the MUG test?

Answer 62

Florescent (+) no florescence (-)

Question 63

What is the main advantage of performing the Lead acetate test?

Answer 63

If is more sensitive for H2S than the KIA test is.