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Bio ch. 1 > biochemistry > Flashcards

biochemistry Flashcards

1
Q

what type of bond do all organic compounds have

A

C-H

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2
Q

inorganic or organic:
C6 H12 O6

A

organic

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3
Q

inorganic or organic:
NaCl

A

inorganic

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4
Q

inorganic or organic:
C2 H5 OH

A

organic

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5
Q

inorganic or organic:
H20

A

inorganic

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6
Q

elements found in carbs

A

C, H, O

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7
Q

Carb or Not:
C12 H22 O11

A

yes

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8
Q

Carb or Not:
C4 H14 O10

A

no

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9
Q

Carb or Not:
C10 H18 O9

A

yes

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10
Q

Carb or Not:
C11 H16 O7

A

no

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11
Q

what are the monomer of carbs

A

monosaccharide

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12
Q

isomer

A

molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures

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13
Q

monosaccharides are formed through what type of reaction

A

dehydration synthesis

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14
Q

what molecule is used to form a polymer of carbs

A

H20

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15
Q

what are the functions of carbs

A

energy & structure

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16
Q

Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide:
sucrose

A

di

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17
Q

Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide:
fructose

A

mono

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18
Q

Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide:
starch

A

poly

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19
Q

Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide:
cellulose

A

poly

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20
Q

Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide:
lactose

A

di

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21
Q

Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide:
maltose

A

di

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22
Q

Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide:
galactose

A

mono

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23
Q

Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide:
glucose

A

mono

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24
Q

Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide:
glycogen

A

poly

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25
Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide: C6 H12 O6
mono
26
Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide: (C6 H10 O5)n
poly
27
Monosaccharide, disaccharide, or polysaccharide: C12 H22 O11
di
28
an unknown carb is blue in benedict's solution and black/purple iodine. What type of carb is it?
polysaccharide
29
how many cals are in 1 gram of carbs
4
30
good carbs
rice
31
bad carbs
donuts
32
what type of reaction breaks down a polymer of organic molecules
hydrolysis
33
what is added during hydrolysis
water
34
a polymer of 8 monosaccharides is synthesized. How many water molecules need to be removed to create the polymer?
7
35
elements found in protiens
C, H, O, N
36
functions of protiens
growth, maintenance, repair, metabolism
37
what do protiens serve as?
enzymes
38
what are enzymes
biological catalysts that speed up reactions
39
monomers of protiens
amino acids
40
how many amino acids are there
20
41
true or false: what type of bond is formed between 2 amino acids
peptide bonds
42
which part is the amino acid structure makes it different from other amino acids?
r group
43
3 ways protiens different from each other
type of a.a., order of a.a., length of a.a. chains
44
how much of your diet should be protien
12-15%
45
ex of food high in protien
meat and eggs
46
how many cals do you get from 1 gram of protien
4
47
what lab test determines the presence of absence of protien
Burrett's
48
what are lipids also known as
fats
49
elements found in lipids
C, H, O
50
functions of lipids
protection, insulation of energy
51
how many cals of energy do you get from one gram of lipids
9
52
why do we not use lipids as our primary energy source
faster to break down glucose
53
how do lipids different from each other
amount of fatty acids
54
4 main classes of lipids
triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, waxes
55
sat or unsat fatty acids: no double bonded carbon atoms
sat
56
sat or unsat fatty acids: solid at room temp
sat
57
sat or unsat fatty acids: source is animal fat
sat
58
sat or unsat fatty acids: peanut oil
unsat
59
sat or unsat fatty acids: at least one double bonded carbon
unsat
60
sat or unsat fatty acids: source is plant fat
unsat
61
sat or unsat fatty acids: liquid at room temp
unsat
62
sat or unsat fatty acids: bacon
sat
63
sat or unsat fatty acids: can contribute to heart disease
sat
64
sat or unsat fatty acids: has the ability to raise good cholesterol
unsat
65
structure of a phospholipid
glycerol, 2 hydrophobic fatty acid chains/tails, & hydrophilic phosphate head
66
hydrophobic
water fearing
67
hydrphilic
likes water
68
type of lipid made of 4 fused carbon rigs is known as
steroid
69
example of a steroid
cholesterol
70
what is the test for lipids
Sudan III
71
positive test for Sudan III looks like
2 layers with red on top
72
function of nucleic acids
store & transmit genetic info
73
monomers of nucleic acids
nucleotides
74
3 parts of a nucleotide
phosphate group, nitrogenous base, 5-C sugar
75
how do nucleotides different from each other
nitrogenous base
76
ex of nucleic acids
DNA & RNA
77
DNA or RNA: double chain
dna
78
DNA or RNA: determines characteristics of an organism
dna
79
DNA or RNA: has the sugar ribose
rna
80
DNA or RNA: stores and transfers info to make protiens
rna
81
DNA or RNA: has the sugar deoxyribose
dna
82
DNA or RNA: single chain
rna
83
DNA or RNA: directs cell activities
dna
84
difference between the sugars deoxyribose and ribose
they determine if its DNA or RNA
85
what shape is the glucose structure
6 sided hexagon
86
what is the shape of the fructose structure
5 sided pentagon

Bio ch. 1 (8 decks)

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