BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

Question 1

Fuel standard of diesel

Answer 1

ASTM D975

Question 2

Fuel standard of biodiesel

Answer 2

ASTM D6751

Question 3

fuel composition of diesel

Answer 3

C10-C21 HC

Question 4

fuel composition of biodiesel

Answer 4

C12-C22 FAME

Question 5

kinetic viscosity (mm²/s) of diesel at 40°C

Answer 5

1.3 - 4.1

Question 6

kinetic viscosity (mm²/s) of biodiesel at 40°C

Answer 6

1.9 - 6.0

Question 7

specific gravity of diesel

Answer 7

0.85 kg/l

Question 8

specific gravity of biodiesel

Answer 8

0.88 kg/l

Question 8

boiling point of diesel

Answer 8

188 - 343 °C

Question 10

boiling point of biodiesel

Answer 10

182 - 338 °C

Question 11

flash point of diesel

Answer 11

60 - 80 °C

Question 12

flash point of biodiesel

Answer 12

100 - 170 °C

Question 13

cloud point of diesel

Answer 13

-15 to 5 °C

Question 14

cloud point of biodiesel

Answer 14

-3 to 12 °C

Question 15

pour point of diesel

Answer 15

-35 to -15 °C

Question 16

pour point of biodiesel

Answer 16

-15 to 10 °C

Question 17

cetane number of diesel

Answer 17

40 - 55

Question 18

cetane number of biodiesel

Answer 18

48 - 65

Question 19

AFR of diesel

Answer 19

15

Question 20

AFR of biodiesel

Answer 20

13.8

Question 21

life-cycle energy balance of diesel

Answer 21

0.83/1

Question 22

life-cycle energy balance of biodiesel

Answer 22

3.2/1

Question 23

AFR

Answer 23

Stoichiometric Air/Fuel Ratio

Question 24

The _____ used for biodiesel production must be mixed with the catalyst before adding the oil

Answer 24

alcohol

Question 25

_____ are among the most widely used basic catalysts

Answer 25

Sodium and potassium hydroxides

Question 26

For production on an industrial scale, _____ are commercially available.

Answer 26

sodium or potassium methoxides or methylates

Question 27

The _____ process may be carried out at different temperatures.

Answer 27

transesterification

Question 28

The separation of reaction products takes place by _____: the mixture of fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) separates from glycerin forming two phases, since they have different densities; the two phases begin to form immediately after the stirring of the mixture is stopped.

Answer 28

decantation

Question 29

The mixture of fatty acids methyl esters (FAME) obtained from the transesterification reaction must be purified in order to comply with established quality standards for _____

Answer 29

biodiesel

Question 30

Successive washing steps with water remove the remains of _____ since these contaminants are water-soluble

Answer 30

methanol, catalyst and glycerin

Question 31

_____ as obtained from the chemical reaction is not of high quality and has no commercial value.

Answer 31

Glycerin

Question 32

_____ is a biodegradable energy source made from plant oils, or animal fats that can usually be burned in regular diesel engines

Answer 32

Biodiesel

Question 33

what means FAME

Answer 33

fatty acid methyl ester